臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文針對電動手持砂輪機之轉子繞組、定子繞組及大小扇形齒輪組齒數的差異進行研究，以成本效益比為目標函數，利用田口法(Taguchi Method)及蜂群演算法(Bee Colony Optimization, BCO)的整合，探討手持砂輪機結構的最佳配置，計算砂輪機的最佳部件組合，改善手持砂輪機運轉效率之問題。本文首先收集所選轉子繞組，定子繞組和扇形齒輪組的砂輪研磨機現成設備，彙整相關運轉資料，其數據包括空載轉速，負載溫度，負載功率和總重量，建立電動手持砂輪機模擬資料。其次利用轉子繞組、定子繞組與大小扇形齒輪組等機構參數組合，建立田口參數直交表，並利用蜂群演算法以成本效益比為目標，計算應用於打模鋼板的轉子繞組、定子繞組與大小扇形齒輪組的最佳組合，使設計出的砂輪機可以有效處理鋼筋的拋光處理。本文針對田口蜂群演算法(TM-BCO)加入成本效益比的數學模型中，提高傳統蜜蜂演算法的搜尋能力，解決在疊代過程中陷入局部解的過往缺點。最後以電動手持砂輪機實際案例測試，其結果驗證本文所提出的方法有效性。透過本文模擬測試，可提供電動手持砂輪機設計業者，以符合建築工地鋼板打磨或是拋光使用的最佳產品結構設計

This thesis studies the difference analysis of rotor windings, stator windings, and sector wheels of electricity hand-discgrinder. By using the combining the Taguchi Method (TM) and Bee Colony Optimization(BCO), the optimal structure of the hand-disc grinder with Cost Performance Ratio is solved to improve the operational efficiency. The practical data including no-load speed, loading temperature, loads, and weight of hand-disc grinderis first collected. The cross table of TMis determined by using the parameters of rotor windings, stator windings, and sector wheels of electricity hand-disc grinder. Combined the Taguchi Method (TM) and Bee Colony Optimization (BCO) in the Cost Performance (CP) Ratio, a Taguchi Method and Bee Colony Optimization (TM-BCO) is proposed to solve the rotor winding, stator winding and sector wheels for hand-disc grinder. The real operate models aregiven to illustrate that the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by operational problem. Case study is considered the grinding and buffing for concrete steel to optimize thedesign of hand-disc grinder.

摘要........................................................I
Abstract................................................II
目錄..................................................................III
圖目錄....................................................................V
表目錄.........................................VII
第一章緒論...................................1
1.1研究背景與動機...........................1
1.2研究目的與方法............................2
1.3本文貢獻......................................................................................................4
1.4論文架構及概要..........................................................................................5
第二章直流電動機之介紹......................................................................................7
2.1直流電動機..................................................................................................7
2.1.1直流電動機的能量轉換...........................................................13
2.1.2直流電動機的特性曲線...........................................................14
2.2直流電動機的特性....................................................................................15
2.2.1分激式直流電動機...................................................................15
2.2.2串激式直流電動機...................................................................16
2.2.3複激式直流電動機...................................................................17
第三章手持式電動砂輪機的架構........................................................................19
3.1手持砂輪機的運作....................................................................................21
3.1.1砂輪機的特性曲線...................................................................24
3.2砂輪機總體結構設計................................................................................25
3.3砂輪機的轉子、定子與齒輪組的主要構造............................................26
3.4砂輪機的使用說明及注意事項................................................................28IV

第四章研究方法....................................................................................................30
4.1田口法(Taguchi Method, TM)...................................................................30
4.2蜂群演算法(Bee Colony Optimization, BCO)..........................................34
4.2.1蜂群演算法的工蜂...................................................................34
4.2.2蜂群演算法的跟隨蜂...............................................................35
4.2.3蜂群演算法的偵查蜂...............................................................35
4.3成本效益分析(Cost Benefit Analysis, CBA)............................................36
4.4田口蜂群演算法(TM-BCO)應用於成本效益比......................................37
第五章研究測試....................................................................................................41
5.1砂輪機機構變數分析................................................................................41
5.1.1轉子繞組...................................................................................41
5.1.2定子繞組...................................................................................42
5.1.3扇形齒輪組...............................................................................43
5.2建構成本效益比模式................................................................................45
5.3以田口蜂群演算法計算最佳配置............................................................47
第六章結論與未來研究方向................................................................................51
6.1結論............................................................................................................51
6.2未來研究方向............................................................................................51
參考文獻..........................................................................................................53V

圖目錄
圖2-1 直流馬達的基本構造..................................................8
圖2-2 直流電動機的分類－依激磁方式分類...................................8
圖2-3 轉速特性曲線................................................14
圖2-4 轉矩特性曲線...............................15
圖2-5 分激式直流電動機的電路圖............................16
圖2-6 串激式直流電動機的電路圖................................16
圖2-7 複激式直流電動機的電路圖............. 17
圖3-1 桌上型砂輪機...................................19
圖3-2手持砂輪機............................... 19
圖3-3 裝置砂輪片的構造................................... 20
圖3-4 手持砂輪機的內部構造......................................... 20
圖3-5 手持砂輪機的部件結構........................................... 20
圖3-6 串激式電動機的運作方式...........................................21
圖3-7 串激式電動機的運作方式(a)..................................... 22
圖3-8 串激式電動機的運作方式(b)....................... 22
圖3-9 串激式電動機的運作方式(c).............................. 23
圖3-10 串激式電動機的運作方式(d)...................................... 23
圖3-11 串激式電動機的轉速與轉矩特性曲線........................ 24
圖3-12 110V 60Hz的單相串機電機............................ 26
圖3-13 砂輪機的轉子與定子................................................. 27
圖3-14 大扇形與小扇形齒輪組............................................28
圖3-15 大小扇形齒輪組....................................... 28
圖4-1 田口直交表應用於製程的概念圖 .............................. 31
圖4-2 系統架構圖.........................................................38
圖4-3 系統流程圖........................................................40
圖5-1 NO. A與B 的轉子繞組規格圖.................................41
圖5-2 NO. C與D 的轉子繞組規格圖............................42
圖5-3 NO. A與B的定子繞組規格圖..............................42VI

圖5-4 NO. C與D的定子繞組規格圖..............................43
圖5-5 NO. A扇形齒輪組的規格圖.............................................................................44
圖5-6 NO. B扇形齒輪組的規格圖.............................................................................44
圖5-7 NO. C扇形齒輪組的規格圖.............................................................................45
圖5-8 演算法的收斂圖..................................................50VII

表目錄
表2-1手持式電動砂輪機的性能分析...........................11
表4-1 4因子與3水準的直交表......................................30
表4-2 的全變數因子直交表...................................32) 2 (3 8 L
表4-3 的田口直交表.......................................32) 2 (3 4 L
表4-4 5因子4水準的田口直交表...............................................33
表4-5 的田口直交表...................................33) 4 (3 12 L
表5-1 各轉子繞組的變數規格表........................................41
表5-2 各定子繞組的相關規格.......................42
表5-3 各組扇形齒輪的相關規格.................. 43
表5-4 原始規格測試.........................................45
表5-5 運轉變數量測.............................................46
表5-6各案例效益變數...................................47
表5-7 成本效益比分析.......................................47
表5-8 挑選出最佳規格組合...........................................48
表5-9 演算法的運轉變數量測............................................48
表5-10 演算法的效益變數....................................... 49
表5-11 成本效益比分析................................................49
表5-12各演算法的性能測試.........................................50

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