臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　本文旨在探討單索面斜張橋橋塔於施工過程之短期及長期承力變形行為，並以高屏溪斜張橋橋塔之施工為例，首先依據橋塔建造的程序，建立電腦分析模型，藉以計算橋塔在施工中每一階段之受力情形，再使用橋塔施工中的混凝土製作圓柱試體及矩形方柱試體，進行混凝土基本材料性質試驗，主要項目包含混凝土抗壓強度、彈性模數、工地及試驗室兩種環境之收縮及潛變應變等，由Table Curve軟體進行回歸分析，並經由尺寸效應之轉換，求得模擬橋塔混凝土短期及長期之基本材料性質。在混凝土之長期變形預測方面，本研究採用材齡調整有效模數方法(AAEM)與ACI 209之材齡係數及配合結構分析模型，分別求得橋塔基腳處混凝土之短期及長期應變歷程。
　　由材料性質試驗及分析模型，進行橋塔承力變形之模擬分析，並探討分析值與實測值之差異，得到下列幾點結論： (1)由幾近一年的試驗結果及透過Table Curve軟體之回歸分析模擬混凝土材料性質的方法，經與ACI 209推估720天之預測值比較，證實可作為長期預測之方程式。 (2)由三組施加不同應力之潛變試驗結果，證實混凝土在0.4fc’以下之應力作用所產生之潛變呈線性關係，此為潛變應變計算之主要依據。 (3)由不同尺寸之收縮試體試驗結果發現，尺寸愈小其收縮值愈大，且符合ACI 209表體比理論，經採用ACI 209有關尺寸修正係數作為試驗試體與橋塔之間尺寸效應的轉換，由實測值證實其為合理。 (4)由結構分析模型所得之分析值，經與全橋載重試驗時之橋面撓度及鋼纜預力變化之試驗值比較，證實本分析模型確實可靠。 (5)本研究以AAEM方法及ACI 209之材齡係數模擬橋塔混凝土長期應變歷程，經與實測值比較發現相當吻合，由此可證明本文之模擬分析方法可為後續設計及施工的參考。

摘要 Ⅰ
目錄 Ⅱ
表目錄 Ⅴ
圖目錄 Ⅶ
符號 XII
第一章 緒論
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的 5
1.3 研究範疇 5
第二章 斜張橋之施工程序及應力分析
2.1 斜張橋之構造 6
2.2 橋塔之監測系統 7
2.3 橋塔結構之理論分析模型 8
2.4 施工程序與應力分析 11
2.5 分析模型之驗證 15
第三章 混凝土材料性質試驗及結果
3.1 試驗規劃
3.1.1抗壓強度及彈性模數試驗規劃 17
3.1.2混凝土收縮及潛變試驗規劃 18
3.2 試體材料與試體製作
3.2.1試體材料 19
3.2.2試體製作 19
3.3 試驗設備 20
3.4 試驗方法
3.4.1 抗壓強度及彈性模數 21
3.4.2 混凝土收縮及潛變試驗 22
3.5 混凝土基本材料性質
3.5.1抗壓強度及發展 23
3.5.2彈性模數及發展 25
3.5.3混凝土收縮性質 27
3.5.4混凝土潛變性質 29
3.5.5試體之尺寸效應 30
第四章 橋塔基腳處之承力變形分析
4.1 橋塔混凝土之材料性質
4.1.1混凝土材料性質之迴歸分析 32
4.1.2混凝土試體與橋塔間之尺寸效應 33
4.2 橋塔基腳處之短期及長期應變歷程
4.2.1混凝土承力變形之計算理論 35
4.2.2橋塔基腳處之短期應變歷程 42
4.2.3橋塔基腳處之長期應變歷程 44
4.2.4分析值與實測值差異之檢討 47
第五章 結論 50
參考文獻 150
附表A：分析模型(Step 2-7)之計算結果 153
附表B：Table Curve回歸方程式排序情形 168
附表C：ACI 209有關混凝土收縮及潛變之預測式 171
附表D-1：橋塔A1C1斷面g2位置之潛變計算表 173
附表D-2：橋塔A1C1斷面g3位置之潛變計算表 177
附表D-3：橋塔A1C1斷面g4位置之潛變計算表 181
附表D-4：橋塔A1C1斷面g5位置之潛變計算表 185
附表D-5：橋塔A1C1斷面g6位置之潛變計算表 189
附表D-6：橋塔A1C1斷面g7位置之潛變計算表 193
附表D-7：橋塔A1C1斷面g8位置之潛變計算表 197

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