臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

受到少子化的影響，使得家庭的照顧功能逐漸式微，個人與家庭的照顧壓力日益增加，進而連帶產生社會與經濟問題，而長期照顧的需求，也因此而起。但許多位於偏遠的地區醫院，這樣等級的醫療設施為因應高齡化社會需求以及民眾就醫習慣的改變，營運管理多已相繼轉型為呼吸照護病房、附設洗腎中心、護理之家或老人福利等機構；特別是利用既有建築空間提供醫療照護使用，但也因忽略人員行動力與照護人力的重大改變，讓此類轉型的醫院面臨更大的火災風險。民國101年10月23日凌晨3點行政院衛生署新營醫院北門分院附設護理之家火警造成13人死亡59人受傷。這起事件突顯出老人福利機構及護理機構中多數為行動不便，甚至是無法行動之避難弱者，在災害發生時容易造成嚴重傷亡，因此當災害發生時，該如何進行避難疏散對策已成為重要課題了。
本研究以衛生署新營醫院北門分院為案例，運用FDS重建模擬該場所火災、人員避難逃生情境，進而來探討消防設備設置功能。
關鍵詞：長期照顧機構、避難疏散對策、行動不便

Affected by the lack of child population, the family's care function gradually decline. Personal and family care pressure is increasing, and then contribute to social and economic problems, and the need of long-term care rises accordingly. However, many remote hospitals have changed to respiratory care ward, kidney center, nursing home and elderly welfare in response to the need of aging society and the change of public’s medical habits; In particular, some hospitals use existing space to provide medical care, which makes the hospital face greater fire risks due to the neglect of the change in manpower. On October 23, 2012 the nursing home attached to the Sinying Hospital, Ministry of health and welfare caught fire, 13people were killed and 59 people were injured. This incident highlights the problem that the majority of people in welfare agencies and nursing home are weak even unable to evacuate. They will easily get hurt severely. Accordingly, how to evacuate effectively during disaster has become an important issue.
In this study, the Pinying Branch of Sinying Hosptial was used as a case study. The FDS reconstruction were used to simulate the fire in this place and the escape situation of the evacuees. Then the function of setting up the fire fighting equipment was discussed.
Key words：long-term attendance organization, evacuation strategies, people with weakness or disabilities.

目錄
摘要 4
Abstract 5
致謝 6
表目錄 9
圖目錄 10
第一章 緒論 11
1.1 研究動機 11
1.2 研究目的 13
1.3 研究方法與步驟 14
第二章 國內外、法規研析及火災案例分析 16
2.1 長期照顧機構之分類及火災危害特性 16
2.2 長期照顧機構火災案例分析說明 19
2.3 避難安全標準 25
2.3.1 影響避難的因素 25
2.4 人體承受火災危害程度判定標準 27
2.5 相關法規研析 35
第三章 研究方法 43
3.1 電腦動態模擬器程式介紹 43
3.2 火災動態模擬器FDS與Smokeview運算架構模組介紹 46
3.3 火災動態模擬器FDS模擬運算理論 48
3.4 疏散對策時機之應用 51
3.4.1 火警發報時機之分析 51
3.4.2 測試時間及人員反應時間之研究 53
第四章 模擬結果分析與討論 59
4.1 本研究火災案例說明 59
4.2 火場模擬模型建構說明 62
4.3 火源設定 63
4.4 格點設定之探討 67
4.5 模擬參數設定之探討 69
4.6 成果分析 72
第五章 結論與建議 78
5.1 結論 78
5.2 建議 79
參考文獻 81

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