臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

單肢蝦科廣泛分布於全球熱帶及亞熱帶海域，全世界已知有1屬53種。單肢蝦為底棲性的小型蝦類，可於潮間帶至水深一千公尺以內發現，大部份種類分布於五百公尺以淺。本研究主針對臺灣發現的種類及近年在南中國海、菲律賓 “PANGLAO 2004-2005”、“AURORA 2007”以及琉球群島“KUMEJIMA 2009”採獲之單肢蝦科標本作分類整理，本研究增加臺灣新紀錄2種，南中國海增加7種新紀錄，菲律賓增加4種新紀錄，琉球群島增加4種新紀錄與1世界新種。共計目前臺灣單肢蝦類相有12種，南中國海9種，菲律賓19種，琉球群島7種。單肢蝦於印度–西太平洋地區分布模式主要由兩個中心，以日本至臺灣(21種)與菲律賓(19種)向周圍遞減，單肢蝦科於生物地理的分析結果除了夏威夷，與過去所劃分的印度–西太平洋分區並不完全相同。本研究根據單肢蝦科生物地理分析將印度–西太平洋區分為：馬達加斯加(Madagascar)、北印度洋(NIO)、澳洲西岸(WA)、南中國海–澳洲西北(SCS-NWA)、西太平洋(WP)、小笠原群島(Ogasa Is.)、澳洲東南部(SEA)、馬紹爾群島(MS Is.)、斐濟–東加群島(Fi-Ton Is.)、馬克薩斯群島(MQS Is.)與夏威夷(Hawaii)等11個分區。臺灣的單肢蝦類屬西太平洋區，多樣性為全球第5高。

Shrimp of the family Sicyoniidae are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. There are only 1 genus Sicyonia and 53 species known in the world. Sicyoniidae are benthic shrimps which can be found in shallow to within 1000 m deep waters (mostly less than 500 m deep). This work identifies the Sicyoniidae material collected from Taiwan and recent expeditions in South China Sea, the Philippines PANGLAO 2004-2005, AURORA 2007 and Ryukyu Islands KUMEJIMA 2009. There are 2 new records form Taiwan, 7 from South China Sea, 4 from the Philippines and 3 from Ryukyu Islands. In addition, 1 new species was found from Ryukyu Islands. In totally, there are 12, 9, 19 and 7 species from Taiwan, South China Sea, the Philippines and Ryukyu Islands, respectively. Analysis of Sicyoniidae shrimps fauna in the Indo-West Pacific showed that the regions of the highest biodiversity are from Japan to Taiwan (21 species) and the Phillipines (19 species) and progressively decreasing further away from these two centres. The biogeographical pattern of the Sicyoniidae shrimps is different from previously proposed biogeographical regions for other marine animals except Hawaii. The present analysis can divide the Indo-West Pacific into 11 subregions: Madagascar, North Indian Ocean, West Australia, South China Sea-Northwestern Australia, West Pacific, Ogasawara Islands, Southeastern Australia, Marshall Islands, Fiji-Tonga Islands, Marquesas Islands and Hawaii. Sicyoniidae fauna from Taiwan belongs to the West Pacific subregion and has the fifth highest diversity in the world.

謝辭………………………………………………………………………………i
摘要…………………………………………………………………………………ii
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………iii
目次…………………………………………………………………………………iv
表目次………………………………………………………………………………vi
圖目次……………………………………………………………………………vii
謝辭………………………………………………………...…………………………..i
摘要……………………………………………………………………………...…….ii
Abstract……………………………………………………………………….………iii
目次………………………………………………………………..……………….…iv
表目次……………………………………………………………….………….…….vi
圖目次………………………………………………………………………….....….vii
一、前言………………………………………………………….……………...……1
二、材料方法……………………………………………………….…………...……4
三、結果………………………………………………………………………………8
(一)單肢蝦科分類描述………………………...…………..…………………………8
Sicyoniidae Ortmann, 1898 單肢蝦科………………………………………………..8
Sicyonia H. Milne Edwards, 1830 單肢蝦屬……………………………………..…..8
“S. lancifer” group……………………………………………….…………………...10
Sicyonia lancifer (Olivier, 1881)………………………………………………..11
Sicyonia japonica Blass, 1914……………………………………………...…..13
Sicyonia parajaponica Crosnier, 2003……………...…………………………..15
Sicyonia furcata Miers, 1878………………………...…………………………16
Sicyonia ocellata Stimpson, 1860………………...………………………….…18
Sicyonia sp. nov……………………..…………..………………………………19
“S. truncata” group……………………………………………………….………….21
Sicyonia truncata (Kubo, 1949)……………………………………………...…21
Sicyonia curvirostris Balss, 1913……………………………………………….22
“S. fallax” group…………………...…………………...…………………….………24
Sicyonia fallax De Man, 1907………….……………...…………………….….25
Sicyonia parafallax Crosnier, 1995…………………………………….…….…26
Sicyonia inflexa (Kubo, 1949)…………………………………………………..28
Sicyonia taiwanensis Crosnier, 2003………..…………………………………..30
“S. laevis” group…………………………………………….……………………..…31
Sicyonia laevis Bate, 1881………………………………………………….......31
“S. dejouanneti” group……………………………………………….………………33
Sicyonia dejouanneti Crosnier, 2003………………………………………..…..34
Sicyonia altirostrum Crosnier, 2003………………………………………….…35
“S. vitulans” group…………………………………………………...…..……….….36
Sicyonia vitulans (Kubo, 1949)…………………………………………………37
Sicyonia metavitulans Crosnier, 2003…………………………………………..38
“S. rectirostris” group……………………………………….………………………..40
Sicyonia bispinosa (De Haan, 1844)…………….………………………...……40
“S. benthophila” group…………………………………….…………………………42
Sicyonia benthophila De Man, 1907…………………………....…………...….42
Sicyonia abathophila Crosnier, 2003…………………………………………...43
“S. robusta” group…………………………………………………….………….…..44
Sicyonia robusta Crosnier, 2003…………………………………...………...…45
“S. komai” group……………………………………….………………………...…..46
Sicyonia komai Crosnier, 2003………………………………………………….46
(二)動物地理………………………………………...………………………………48
1.垂直分布……………………………………………………..……………….48
2.印度–西太平洋地區地理分布……………………..…………………..…….48
3.套入Ekman(1953)假說之分區比較………………..………………………..51
4.套入Briggs(1974, 1995)假說之分區比較…………..…………………….…52
5.套入Schnabel et al. (2011)設定之分區比較………………………..……….53
四、討論…………………………………………..…………………………………55
(一)形態分類………………………………………………………………..……….55
1.頭胸甲………………………………………………………………...………55
2.腹部…………………………………………………..……………………….55
3.雄性交接器………………………………………………………………...…56
4.雌性交接器……………………………………………………………….…..56
5.體色……………………………………………………………………….…..56
(二)臺灣及鄰近地區單肢蝦種類相……………………………..………….………57
(三)動物地理分布……………………………………………………..………….…58
1.垂直分布…………...………………………………..………………………..58
2.印度–西太平洋地區地理分布…….…………………………………………59
五、結論……………………………………………………………………....……..64
六、參考文獻………………………………………………………………..………65
七、表……………………………………………………………………..………....71
八、圖………………………………………………………………..…………..…..81

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