臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

工具機乃機械產業中不可或缺的一環，在金屬加工中扮演重要的角色。隨著時代變遷，工具機各項加工指標的提升也更為要求，包括切削精度、切削穩定性等等，而這些性能指標都與主軸性能表現有關係，故主軸的表現須被分析。
本文探討了內藏式馬達主軸的動剛性，內藏式主軸係利用前後軸承作為支承，感應式馬達轉子與定子間並無直接接觸，因此主軸的動態表現主要受軸承變化所影響。在旋轉狀態下的主軸，其軸承剛性會受到滾珠擠壓、潤滑造成的熱與力變形而有所變化。不轉動狀態的軸承剛性可透過衝擊鎚與加速規對於主軸進行敲擊測試，並量測主軸的頻率響應函數(FRF)分析求得，但轉動狀態下主軸的FRF則無法使用一般敲擊試驗進行量測，難以分析實際轉動狀態的主軸剛性。
本文係針對前人所設計的初代激振器改良，並發展量測與分析系統，實驗中使用雷射都卜勒量測刀尖速度。此系統將量測與內藏式主軸做量測與分析，激振器透過電磁效應對主軸產生連續的掃頻激振，基於實驗數據繪出刀尖點頻率響應函數，藉此推算不同轉速下其主軸剛性。

Motorized spindle is explored in this paper. It uses front and rear bearings as supports. The motor rotor and stator are not in contact, so the dynamic performance of the spindle is mainly affected by the properties of bearing. The stiffness of bearing will change by the squeezing of the ball, the lubrication and deformation in rotating state. FRFs can be measured by using impact hammers and accelerometers. Non-rotating state of the bearing rigidity can be obtained by the analysis of frequency response function (FRF). However the typical impact test cannot be used to measure the rotating spindle. Thus it is difficult to analyze the stiffness of spindle in the actual rotation state.
A non-contact excitation system is designed in this paper and using the Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) to measure. The design of the non-contact exciter is improved upon the first generation exciter. These system will carry out to measure and analyze. Through the electromagnetism, exciter acts on spindle to generate a swept signal excitation. FRFs will be plotted using experimental data and calculate the stiffness of spindle at different speeds.

致謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
List of Tables vii
List of Figures viii
List of Symbols xii
Abbreviations xiv
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1. Background 1
1.2. Objectives 1
1.3. Literature Review 2
1.3.1. Spindle stiffness 2
1.3.2. Non-contact devices for vibration testing 3
1.3.3. Measurement software 5
1.4. Research Methodology 7
1.5. Thesis Structure 7
Chapter 2. Theoretical Background 9
2.1. Frequency Response Function (FRF) 9
2.2. The related applications of electromagnet 12
Chapter 3. Measurement of Non-contact Excitation System 18
3.1. Non-contact excitation system 18
3.1.1. Design of non-contact exciter 18
3.1.2. Derivation of electromagnet formulae 20
3.1.3. Improvement of non-contact exciter 26
3.1.4. Force correction 30
3.2. Method design of non-contact measurement system 32
3.2.1. Setting up the process for spindle 32
3.2.2 Reinforcement of vertical support 35
3.2.3 Damping structure for test platform 37
3.2.4 Experiment of force correction 40
Chapter 4. Software in Stiffness Measurement System 43
4.1 The output of DAQ and LabVIEW program 44
4.2 The input of DAQ and LabVIEW program 45
4.3 The front panel of LabVIEW program 47
4.4 Validation of LabVIEW program 49
4.5 Force balanced of LabVIEW program 51
Chapter 5. Experimental Equivalent Stiffness of Spindle 53
5.1 Impact testing of spindle 53
5.2 Non-contact excited for spindle 56
5.3 Non-contact excited for spindle under rotation 61
5.4 Stiffness of two measured points at different rotation speed 65
5.5 Derivation of bearing rigid 66
Chapter 6. Conclusions and Future Work 69
6.1 Conclusions 69
6.2 Future work 70
Appendix A：Specifications calculated in excel 75
Appendix B：Stiffness of circular flexure hinge 76
Appendix C：FRFs of spindle include rotation frequency 77

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