臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，無線通訊的應用已在各個層面上被研發出來，並且幫助了不少人們生活上的需求，然而在研發各種通訊系統之前，首先必需要進行通道衰落特性的了解，對於通道衰落的了解會影響到通訊系統上的應用。在無線通訊的領域中，無線射頻辨識(Radio Frequency Identification, RFID)是近年來蓬勃發展的一種通訊系統，也因此近幾年的研究有相當多的文獻針對RFID的相關領域，包括讀取器及標籤的設計、單入單出(Single Input Single Output, SISO)及多入多出(Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO)的系統建置以及效能分析，還有RFID系統的通道量測。本論文以展頻滑動相關器通道量測系統進行UHF MIMO RFID系統的通道量測，利用標籤端天線呈正交極化分集(Polarization Diversity)方式建置成(1,2,1) MIMO RFID系統，並使用由美商國家儀器(National Instruments, NI)開發之PXIe-5644R向量訊號收發機(Vector Signal Transceiver, VST)軟體無線電(Software Defined Radio, SDR)平台進行展頻滑動相關器系統建製，利用建構之系統在一12公尺x14公尺的室內廣場進行中心頻為900MHz的MIMO RFID系統架設，實際進行訊號收發並錄製訊號後，經後端分析了解量測環境的通道衰落特性，並做出各通道間衰落特性的比較。

Wireless communications have been used pervasively in various applications in recent years. In the field of wireless communication, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a communication system that has developed many applications. Therefore, there have been lots of literatures discussing the related fields of radio frequency identification, including the design of readers and tags, single input single output (SISO) and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system implementation and performance analysis, as well as for the radio frequency identification channel measurements. In this thesis, the UHF MIMO RFID system channel is measured by the spread-spectrum sliding correlator software defined radio based channel sounder with M-sequence and Kasami sequence, and the (1, 2, 1) MIMO RFID system is built by the polarization diversity of the MIMO tag-end antenna. The measurement results of 900MHz UHF band indoor propagation, and their corresponding channel characteristics including power delay profile, channel impulse response in terms of tap delay line, RMS delay spread and an indoor UHF small scale fading channel model is proposed based on the measurement results. The comparison of these results is also provided in this thesis.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 V
表目錄 VII
符號彙整 VIII
第1章 序論 1
1.1 研究動機及目的 1
1.2 論文貢獻 1
1.3 章節概要 2
第2章 文獻探討 3
2.1 無線通道概述 3
2.1.1 一般無線通道 3
2.1.2 RFID通道 6
2.2 無線通道量測方法 10
2.3 天線分集 17
2.4 通道量測數據分析方法 19
2.4.1 功率延遲分佈(PDP) 19
2.4.2 多重路徑分析方法 21
2.4.3 通道相關性分析方法 22
2.4.4 分析小尺度衰落模型方法 23
第3章 通道量測方法 25
3.1 通道量測系統架構 25
3.1.1 滑動相關器架構 25
3.1.2 實際使用展頻碼介紹: M-sequence、Kasami sequence 28
3.2 通道量測方法 30
第4章 通道量測與分析結果 33
4.1 量測環境、系統及參數設定 33
4.2 通道量測結果 35
4.2.1 Down/Up Link功率延遲分佈分析 35
4.2.2 通道脈衝響應分析通道相關性 43
4.2.3 小尺度衰落通道模型 47
第5章 結論與未來研究方向 54
參考文獻 56

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