臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

液相燒結(liquid phase sintering, LPS)是一個有效提升材料緻密度的方法，目前廣泛應用在粉末冶金(powder metallurgy, PM)領域。本研究希望透過硼粉選擇跟製程參數之調控來使粉末合金鋼Fe-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B及Fe-4Ni-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B具有最佳的液相燒結，所研究的製程參數包含生胚成形壓力(300MPa、600MPa、900MPa)、潤滑劑含量(0.45 wt%、0.6 wt%、0.75 wt%)及溫模成形溫度(80℃、110℃、140℃)。研究結果指出當以3μm硼粉作為硼粉來源時，在真空1250℃的燒結環境下，生胚成形壓力為600 MPa，白蠟潤滑劑的添加量為0.75 wt%時，則Fe-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B及Fe-4Ni-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B在1250℃燒結後分別可達到最佳的燒結密度7.60 g/cm3及7.59 g/cm3。而本研究中溫模成形的效果差，並無法提升合金鋼燒結密度。
在硼粉來源方面，比較使用不同粒徑之純硼粉(16μm、3.1μm、1.6μm)及Fe2B化合物粉末對液相燒結之影響，結果以3μm的純硼粉可達到最佳的燒結密度，Fe-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B及Fe-4Ni-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B在1250℃燒結後分別達到7.60 g/cm3及7.59 g/cm3。而使用Fe2B化合物粉末所得到的最佳燒結密度則分別7.62 g/cm3及7.54 g/cm3。

Liquid phase sintering (LPS) is an effective way to increase the densification of porous material. LPS has been widely applied in the field of powder metallurgy (PM). The aim of this study was to optimize the effects of LPS on Fe-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B and Fe-4Ni-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B PM steels by modifying the process parameters and the boron powders used. The process parameters studied included green compacting pressure (300MPa, 600MPa, 900MPa), lubricant content (0.45 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.75 wt%), and temperature for warm die compaction (80℃, 110℃, 140℃). The results indicate that the optimal compaction pressure and the amount of Acrawax lubricant are 600 MPa and 0.75 wt%, respectively, for achieving the highest sintered density. The effect of warm die compaction is inferior in this study, and the sintered density of PM steel cannot be improved.
To select an adequate boron source, pure boron powder with different sizes (16 μm, 3.1 μm, 1.6 μm) and Fe2B compound powder were examined in this study. The findings show that the boron powder with an average size of 3 μm is more suitable for densification. The sintered densities of Fe-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B and Fe-4Ni-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B steels can attain 7.60 g/cm3 and 7.59 g/cm3, respectively. On the other hand, using the Fe2B compound powder, the sintered densities of Fe-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B and Fe-4Ni-3Cr-0.5Mo-0.5C-0.4B steels can achieve 7.62 g/cm3 and 7.54 g/cm3, respectively.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 iii
誌 謝 v
目 錄 vi
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 文獻回顧 2
2.1 粉末冶金應用與原理 2
2.2 合金粉種類 2
2.3 合金元素影響 4
2.3.1 碳的效應 5
2.3.2 鎳的效應 5
2.3.3 鉬的效應 10
2.3.4 鉻的效應 12
2.4 液相燒結原理 15
2.4.1 液相燒結各階段效應 15
2.5 合金元素對液相燒結影響 16
2.5.1 硼對液相燒結的影響 17
2.5.2 碳對液相燒結的影響 19
2.5.3 鉬對液相燒結的影響 21
2.5.4 鉻對液相燒結的影響 23
第三章 實驗步驟 28
3-1 實驗設計 28
3-2 實驗流程 28
3-2-1 粉末特性 29
3-2-2 粉末混合與成形 33
3-2-3 燒結條件 33
3-3 燒結密度 35
3-4 顯微組織觀察 35
3-4-1 金相觀察 35
3-5 洛氏硬度 36
3-6 分析儀器 36
第四章 結果與討論 37
4-1 硼粉末粒徑大小影響 37
4-2 生胚成形壓力之影響 42
4-3 白蠟比例之效應 45
4-4 溫模溫度差異之影響 48
4-5 硼化合物粉末間之比較影響 53
第五章 結論 67
第六章 參考文獻 68

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