臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究探討以鎳作為促進劑之含有銅、鎳層狀矽酸鹽衍生之觸媒對於己二酸氫化為己二醇之影響。我們合成不同重量百分比之銅與鎳，並比較其物化性差異對反應性之影響。觸媒之物化性鑑定包括: 氮氣物理吸脫附、X光繞射圖譜(XRD)、高解析穿透式電子顯微鏡(HR-TEM)、一氧化碳吸附之紅外光譜分析(CO-IR)、氫氣程溫還原(H2-TPR)、氫氣程溫脫附(H2-TPD)、乙酸程溫表面反應(acetic-acid TPSR)、X光光電子能譜(XPS)以及歐傑電子能譜分析(Auger)等等。
本實驗以氨氣蒸發水熱合成法來製備不同重量百分比之銅、鎳層狀矽酸鹽觸媒，經過還原前處理後，形成分散良好之Cu0以及Cu+且與層狀矽酸鹽結構中的Ni2+緊密接觸且具牽引力，適當的鎳添加量能產生較高之Cu+/(Cu0 + Cu+)比例以促進反應性，其中以Cu36Ni5PS-red觸媒具有最高之Cu+/(Cu0 + Cu+)比例以及本質活性於己二酸轉化為己二醇。除此之外此觸媒亦具有最高之本質活性於四至六碳之單酸以及雙酸之氫化反應，因此我們搭配改變氫氣分壓之動力學分析，進一步提出己二酸氫化之反應機制。

NiOx-promoted Cu-based catalysts derived from CuNi phyllosilicates were synthesized, characterized, and tested in the selective hydrogenation of adipic acid to 1,6-hexandiol. The reduction of CuNi phyllosilicate allows finely dispersed Cu0 and Cu+ to be coexisted with NiOx. The composition of Cu and Ni of phyllosilicate was discovered to be related to the surface Cu+/(Cu0 + Cu+) ratio after reduction. The Cu36Ni5PS-red catalyst had the highest Cu+/(Cu0 + Cu+) ratio and the highest turnover frequency for the selective hydrogenation of adipic acid. This catalyst is also effective at hydrogenation of succinic acid, glutaric acid, butyric acid, pentanoic acid, and hexanoic acid to their respective alcohols. Accordingly, a plausible mechanism of adipic acid conversion to its primary hydrogenated product, i.e. 6-hydroxycaproic acid, was proposed.

摘要 I
誌謝 IX
目錄 X
圖目錄 XIV
表目錄 XVII
第1章 前言 1
1-1 引言 1
第2章 文獻回顧 2
2-1 有機酸加氫催化為有機醇之發展歷程 2
2-1-1 丁二酸與戊二酸簡介及其加氫反應 5
2-1-2 己二酸簡介及其加氫反應 8
2-2 層狀矽酸鹽簡介 10
2-3 層狀矽酸鹽應用於觸媒催化反應 11
2-4 含銅層狀矽酸鹽應用於加氫反應及其特性 13
第3章 實驗 16
3-1 X光繞射(XRD) 16
3-2 氮氣等溫吸附/脫附測量 18
3-1 X射線光電子能譜分析(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS) 19
3-2 高解析度穿透式電子顯微鏡(HR-TEM) 20
3-3 歐傑電子能譜分析(Auger electron spectroscopy, AES) 21
3-4 化學吸脫附實驗 22
3-4-1 氫氣程溫還原反應(H2-TPR) 24
3-4-2 氫氣程溫脫附反應(H2-TPD) 25
3-4-3 笑氣氧化-氫氣程溫還原反應(N2O-H2-TPR) 26
3-4-4 乙酸程溫表面反應(Acetic acid-TPSR) 28
3-5 傅立葉轉換紅外光譜(Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) 29
3-6 觸媒製備 33
3-6-1 氨蒸發水熱合成法製備含銅、鎳之矽酸鹽觸媒 33
3-6-2 觸媒命名方式 34
3-7 觸媒活性測試 34
3-8 產物定性與定量分析 36
3-9 本質活性計算 37
3-10 實驗設備與藥品 38
第4章 結果與討論 40
4-1 觸媒X-ray繞射結果 40
4-2 觸媒穿透式電子顯微鏡成像 42
4-3 觸媒比表面積、孔徑分佈及組成分析 46
4-4 觸媒氫氣程溫還原 50
4-5 觸媒氫氣程溫脫附 52
4-6 觸媒表面化學性質分析 54
4-6-1 X射線光電子能譜分析 54
4-6-2 歐傑電子能譜分析 57
4-7 一氧化碳吸附之紅外光譜分析(CO-FTIR) 59
4-8 乙酸程溫表面反應(Acetic acid-TPSR) 61
4-9 觸媒活性測試 64
4-9-1 己二酸加氫反應性測試 64
4-9-2 己二酸重複性氫化反應測試 67
4-9-3 C4-C6之有機酸氫化反應測試 71
4-10 動力學分析 73
4-11 己二酸氫化反應機制推測 76
4-12 LHHW模型推導 77
第5章 結論 81
第6章 參考文獻 82

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