臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文探討《高文爵士與綠騎士》中主人翁名氣是如何被建構與解構。於文本中我們可以觀察到圓桌騎士們的名聲受到了不少的質疑和譏笑，以致於騎士們必須以語言和行動來捍衛他們的威望。本論文的三個章節分別討論文本中的非典型的騎士精神所呈現出來的不同面向：第一章探討騎士的行為如何透過多重的聲音來進行詮釋，第二和三章則是探討騎士們是如何維護／顛覆騎士精神以及他們的名聲。筆者欲強調在文本中文字之意涵和角色身份之不確定性，進而探討騎士的美德是如何成為一股針對特定族群的規範力量。本論文欲強調《高文爵士與綠騎士》中對於意義的未定以及個體身份的不確定性。詩人透過強調騎士的英勇和失格的同時，似乎有意透過不同於傳統的觀點來檢視圓桌騎士的作為。在這些貌似可議的行為之中，我們可以看見騎士們對於騎士精神的詮釋，更進一步地將騎士的概念擴大延伸。此外，詩人更是製造出許多不符期待的場景和表現，比如文中所出現的綠教堂絲毫沒有教堂的樣子，而是一片荒蕪。本論文主張《高文爵士與綠騎士》其中一個主要的創作目的是為了推翻讀者對於騎士文學期待。在讀者們無法透過騎士的既定形象和創作傳統來推測劇情的發展時，詩人引導讀者們重新思考何謂騎士精神，並且透過期待與落空之間的交替變化，同時突顯出文字的意涵和角色的形象架構之複雜多變。作者更是對騎士的高尚形象進行探究。本論文主張騎士的表現以及其名聲可被視為是一種行為上的規訓。透過來自他人的期許和規勸以及騎士自身對於騎士形象的維護，騎士行為成為了歸順意識形態而衍生出的一種表演。藉由對騎士精神的異議和重新詮釋，詩人賦予了騎士精神更多的定義空間以及可能性。

This thesis aims to examine the constructs and functions of reputation in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight so as to observe how the notion of chivalry is fabricated and challenged by the Gawain-Poet. Each chapter of this thesis introduces one of the many aspects of chivalry in SGGK: the first chapter discusses polyvocality whereas the second and third chapters highlight the performativity of a knight in (dis)accord with his reputation and the expected practices of chivalry. I want to highlight the between-ness of meanings and the unsettled-ness of meanings of words in SGGK in a hope to see how chivalric virtues function as regulating forces exclusive to individuals with specific social identities. Instead of emphasizing conventional virtues of knights, the Poet demonstrates more practical and less idealized chivalric behaviors. We can see coward knights, a chapel with nearly no signs of holiness in a barren land and a fiendish knight who has mercy and serves as a confessor. Moreover, the Poet also arranges the knights to justify their deeds when they seem to violate the chivalric codes, such as Arthur defending the inaction of his Round Table Knights and the Green Knight accepting the notion of love for life. Each justification is an attempt to broaden the cliché meaning of chivalry, making the audiences to reconsider the criteria of being a good knight. Considering chivalric manners as etiquettes and performances, I would argue that the behaviors that seem to be unfit to the chivalric codes present knights to be more than just the representations of ideal images. As the text displays the idea of chivalry with heterogeneous instances, it seems to suggest that the flawless knight seems to exist only in people’s imagination. A knight in SGGK is more an in-the-making subjectivity that embraces new significances and interpretations than a product of mythical narratives.

Introduction

Chapter One
“I Deme Hit not Al dor Doute”: Polyvocal Interpretations of a Knight
1.1　Transformations in Romance Genre
1.2　Concept of the Youth in Middle English Romance
1.3　Diverse Interpretations of the Knights’ Inactions
1.4　Bias Against the Green Knight

Chapter Two
“And if Mon Kennes Yow Him to Knowe”: Chivalric Behaviors as Performances
2.1　Rituals in Romances and the Audiences’ Expectations
2.2　Displays of Knightly Conducts
2.3　Gawain Under Pressure/Surveillance

Chapter Three
“Þis is þe Token of Un-Trawþe, tat I Am Tan Inne”: Tolerance of Heterogeneity
3.1　Gawain’s Love for Life
3.2　Gawain’s Resistance to Chivalry
3.3　False Reputations and the Obscure Nature of the Green Knight

Conclusion

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