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Abstract Due to the rapid population growth in Taipei Basin, residents are fighting for land with rivers, and building embankments is a reality that cannot be changed. The special landform of a basin and fighting for land with water increases potential risk. The uncertain effects of climate change are also disadvantageous to the basin’s future development, and will directly or indirectly impact the functionality and safety of flood prevention facilities. This paper examines the effect of past typhoon and flooding events, as well as the effectiveness of flood prevention facilities on economic development and population changes along the riverbank. After collecting data on typhoon and flooding events as well as the construction of flood prevention facilities through literature review, the paper summarizes the scope of flooding, flood levels at Taipei Bridge, construction of flood prevention facilities, Taipei’s flood prevention plan, and remediation of Keelung River. This paper then analyzes the correlation between the data, results are follows: the flood level at Taipei Bridge significantly declined from 1963 to 1986, but increased after 1986; the range of flooding in Taipei gradually decreased after 1963. Flood level rise and range of flooding are mainly affected by rainfall intensity, duration and distribution. To understand the effectiveness of flood prevention facilities, this paper examines the correlation between typhoon and flood disasters and the construction of flood prevention facilities, and IV also considers changes in riverway erosion and deposition, land subsidence, and land development. Changes in population along the riverbank are found through demographics websites, and the correlation with flood prevention facilities is found based on the timetable of flood prevention projects (1953, 1963, 1973, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2014). This paper further discusses economic development, flood prevention protection standards, disaster prevention and relief, and water control measures. The abovementioned analysis results are provided as a basis for future research, and for the public to understand past disasters and flood prevention facilities. Charts offer analysis of the effectiveness of flood prevention facilities. Finally, this paper can serve as reference for the formulation, review and evaluation of policies for flood prevention facilities.
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