臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文提出一種以對稱相移調變的雙相移控制方法應用於雙向主動橋式直流轉換器和三埠隔離型全橋直流轉換器之研究。與傳統的相移控制相比可以減少循環電流和反向電流以減小無功功率，並且降低電流應力而提高轉換器的效率。在所提出的雙相移控制方法中為了可以使轉換器能互相傳輸功率，因此會抓取轉換器充放電之電流參考訊號進而控制功率開關之切換順序。
本文首先藉由對稱相移調變之雙相移控制來探討雙向主動橋式直流轉換器之動作原理與架構，其次提出三埠隔離型全橋直流轉換器，整合直流匯流排、儲能系統及負載，使能量在這三者間傳送，不須經過兩次直流對直流轉換的過程。為了應用於再生能源系統，所提出三埠隔離型全橋直流轉換器可結合光伏電池板，將能量供應給直流微電網及儲能系統，此外還可解決可再生能源間歇性問題。
最後以傳輸功率500W之雙向主動橋式直流轉換器和三埠隔離型全橋直流-直流轉換器，驗證本文所提出對稱相移調變的雙相移控制方法之可行性。

This thesis proposed a dual phase-shift control method for bidirectional three port full-bridge converter applications. Comparing with the single phase-shift control method, the dual phase-shift strategy is capable of reducing the circulating current, therefore suppressing the reactive power to improve the overall efficiency as well as reducing the current stress of the converter.
At first, this thesis adopted the symmetric phase-shift modulation strategy based dual-phase shift control method to the bidirectional dual active bridge (DAB) converter application. Secondly, a three-port isolated full-bridge converter is structured by integrating the DC bus, the battery, and the load. The energy is capable of transferring among these three ports without going through two stages of DC-to-DC conversion processes. In addition, this structure is with the ability of solving the intermittent problem of renewable energy source.
Finally, a bidirectional active bridge-to-DC converter and a three-port isolated full-bridge DC-DC converter with power rating of 500W are set to verify the feasibility of the proposed dual-phase shift control method.

摘　　要
Abstract
致　　謝
目　　錄
表目錄
圖目錄
第一章 緒論
1.1 研究動機與目的
1.2 論文大綱
第二章 雙向直流轉換器簡介
2.1 雙向主動橋式直流-直流轉換器
2.2 雙向全橋/推挽直流-直流轉換器
2.3 雙向諧振式直流-直流轉換器
2.3.1 雙向SRC串聯諧振式直流-直流轉換器
2.3.2 雙向LLC串聯諧振式直流-直流轉換器
第三章 雙向主動橋式轉換器控制設計與分析
3.1 雙相移切換策略介紹
3.2 轉換器電路分析
3.2.1 雙向主動橋式直流-直流轉換器重載模式分析
3.2.2 雙向主動橋式直流-直流轉換器輕載模式分析
第四章 三埠隔離型全橋直流轉換器
4.1 電路架構介紹
4.2 控制設計
4.3 工作模式分析
4.3.1 充電模式
4.3.2 放電模式
4.4 變壓器設計
4.4.1 變壓器匝數
4.4.2 平衡電動勢與等效電路
4.4.3 量測參數
第五章 實驗結果
5.1 雙向主動橋式直流-直流轉換器實驗波形
5.1.1 充電模式
5.1.2 放電模式
5.2 三埠隔離型全橋直流轉換器實驗波形
5.2.1 充電模式
5.2.2 放電模式
5.3 系統效率
第六章 結論與未來研究方向
6.1 結論
6.2 未來研究方向
參考文獻

[1]R. H. Lasseter, "MicroGrids," Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2002. IEEE, 2002, pp. 305-308 vol.1.
[2]R. H. Lasseter and P. Paigi, "Microgrid: a conceptual solution," Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004. PESC 04. 2004 IEEE 35th Annual, 2004, pp. 4285-4290 Vol.6.
[3]N. Yang, D. Paire, F. Gao and A. Miraoui, "Distributed control of DC microgrid considering dynamic responses of multiple generation units," IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Dallas, TX, 2014, pp. 2063-2068.
[4]N. Yang, D. Paire, F. Gao and A. Miraoui, "Power management strategies for microgrid-A short review," Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 2013 IEEE, Lake Buena Vista, FL, 2013, pp. 1-9.
[5]N. Yang, D. Paire, F. Gao, A. Miraoui and W. Liu, "Decoupled load sharing of multiple distributed generators in DC microgrids," Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 2015 IEEE, Addison, TX, 2015, pp. 1-8.
[6]S. Inoue and H. Akagi, "A Bidirectional DC–DC Converter for an Energy Storage System With Galvanic Isolation," in IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 2299-2306, Nov. 2007.
[7]N. M. L. Tan, T. Abe and H. Akagi, "Topology and application of bidirectional isolated dc-dc converters," Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE & ECCE), 2011 IEEE 8th International Conference on, Jeju, 2011, pp. 1039-1046.
[8]M. N. Kheraluwala, R. W. Gascoigne, D. M. Divan and E. D. Baumann, "Performance characterization of a high-power Dual Active Bridge DC-to-DC converter," in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1294-1301, Nov/Dec 1992.
[9]H. Higa, S. Takuma, K. Orikawa and J. i. Itoh, "Dual active bridge DC-DC converter using both full and half bridge topologies to achieve high efficiency for wide load," 2015 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Montreal, QC, 2015, pp. 6344-6351.
[10]P. C. Loh, D. Li, Y. K. Chai, and F. Blaabjerg, "Hybrid AC-DC microgrids with energy storages and progressive energy flow tuning," IEEE Trans. Power Electron, vol.28, no.4, pp.1533-1543, Apr. 2013.
[11]H. Kakigano, Y. Miura, and T. Ise, "Low-voltage bipolar-type dc Microgrid for super high quality distribution," IEEE Trans. Power Electron, vol. 25, no.12, pp. 3066–3075, Dec. 2010.
[12]Wei Wang, Panbao Wang, Tianyuan Ma, Hongpeng Liu, and Hui Wu, "A Simple Decoupling Control Method for Isolated Three-Port Bidirectional Converter in Low-Voltage DC Microgrids," IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), pp. 3192-3196, 2015.
[13]Z. Wang, and H. Li, "An integrated three-port bidirectional DC-DC converter for PV application on a DC distribution system", IEEE Trans. Power Electron, vol. 28, no. 10, pp.4612 -4624, 2013.
[14]F. Krismer and J. W. Kolar, “Efficiency-optimized high-current Dual Active Bridge converter for automotive applications,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 59, no. 7, pp. 2745–2760, Jul. 2012.
[15]W. Chen and Z. Lu, “Investigation on topology for type-4 LLC resonant dc-dc converter,” in Proc. IEEE Power Electron. Spec. Conf., 2008, pp. 1421–1425.
[16]M.N. Kheraluwala, R.W. Gascoigne, D.M. Divan, E.D. Baumann, “Performance characterization of a high-power Dual Active Bridge DC-to-DC converter”, IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, vol. , no. 6, pp. 1294-1301, Dec 1992.
[17]K. Yamamoto, E. Hiraki, T. Tanaka, M. Nakaoka, and T. Mishima, "Bidirectional DC-DC Converter with Full-bridge / Push-pull circuit for Automobile Electric Power Systems," in Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2006. PESC '06. 37th IEEE, Jeju, 2006, pp. 1-5.
[18]Guipeng Chen, Yan Deng, Hao Peng, Xiangning He, Yousheng Wang, “An optimized modulation method for full-bridge/push-pull bi-directional DC-DC converter with wide-range ZVS and reduced spike voltage,” IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 1247-1253, 2014.
[19]F. Krismer, J. Biela, J.W. Kolar, “A Comparative Evaluation of Isolated Bi-directional DC/DC Converters with Wide Input and Output Voltage Range,” Industry Applications Conference, vol. 1, pp. 599-606, Oct. 2005.
[20]X. Li and A. K. S. Bhat, "Analysis and Design of High-Frequency Isolated Dual-Bridge Series Resonant DC/DC Converter," Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 25, pp. 850-862, 2010.
[21]L. Corradini, D. Seltzer, D. Bloomquist, R. Zane, D. Maksimovic, and B. Jacobson, "Minimum Current Operation of Bidirectional Dual-Bridge Series Resonant DC/DC Converters," Ieee Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 27, pp. 3266-3276, Jul 2012.
[22]Bo Yang, F. C. Lee, A. J. Zhang and Guisong Huang, "LLC resonant converter for front end DC/DC conversion," Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2002. APEC 2002. Seventeenth Annual IEEE, Dallas, TX, 2002, pp. 1108-1112 vol.2.
[23]J. H. Jung, H. S. Kim, M. H. Ryu and J. W. Baek, "Design Methodology of Bidirectional CLLC Resonant Converter for High-Frequency Isolation of DC Distribution Systems," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 1741-1755, April 2013.
[24]Bing Lu, Wenduo Liu, Yan Liang, F. C. Lee and J. D. van Wyk, "Optimal design methodology for LLC resonant converter," Twenty-First Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2006. APEC '06., Dallas, TX, 2006, pp. 533-538.
[25]C. L. Chu, M. T. Tsai, and H. Y. Huang, “Isolated bidirectional Dual-Active-Half-Bridge DC/DC converter with current-clamp Phase-Shift control,” Journal of Technology, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 209-219, 2016.
[26]M. Phattanasak, R. G. Ghoachani, J. P. Martin, S. Pierfederici, and B. Davat, “Flatness based control of an isolated three-port bidirectional dc-dc converter for a fuel cell hybrid source,” in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo., 2011, pp. 977–984.
[27]Z. Wang and H. Li, “An integrated three-port bidirectional dc-dc converter for PV application on a dc distribution system,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 4612–4624, Oct. 2013.
[28]P. S. S. Holenarsipur, N. Mohan, V.D. Albertson, J. Cristofersen, “Avoiding the use of negative inductances and resistances in modeling three-winding transformers for computer simulations, ” Power Engineering Society 1999 Winter Meeting, IEEE, 31 Jan.-4 Feb. 1999.
[29]Blume, Boyajian, Camilli, Lennox, Minneci, Montsinger, “Transformer Engineering, ”John Wiley & Sons, pp. 93-114, 1951.
[30]Magnetic Circuits and Transformers, John Wiley & Sons, pp. 643-653, 1977.
[31]R. D. Middlebrook, S. Cuk, “Advances in Switched-Mode Power Converters, ” TESLAco, vol. I, pp. 207-210, 1983.