臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文旨在設計具有單相功率因數校正功能的昇壓式轉換器及諧振式直流轉換器。諧振轉換器使功率電晶體操作在零電壓切換，可減少開關元件的切換損失，並提高轉換器的操作頻率，以降低諧振電感器、變壓器及諧振電容的大小，進而提高轉換器的效率。另外，本文亦就磁性元件變壓器及外加諧振電感器提出參數設計，達到較低的鐵損及銅損，且在變壓器二次側採用同步整流代替二極體整流，減少二極體的順向偏壓損失，提高轉換器的整體效率。

文中針對電感及電容諧振轉換器的輸出需求及輸入限制條件，設計諧振電容、諧振電感及變壓器激磁電感及圈數比，並繪出電壓增益的正規化頻率響應圖，以確認轉換器運作正常，並藉由控制器限制最小頻率，來避免轉換器不穩定。本文已完成諧振式轉換器及控制電路的製作，輸出額定功率500W，輸出直流電壓24V，輸入交流電壓 90V至264V有效值。其中，功率因數校正器的切換頻率是 65kHz，諧振式直流功率轉換器的切換頻率是75kHz至350kHz，整體實測單相電源側的功因及效率分別為0.98與89.5%以上，實測結果驗證了本文轉換器的可行性。

This thesis aims to design single-phase power factor correction function of the boost converter and resonant DC converter. The resonant converter allows the power transistors to operate at zero-voltage switching to reduce switching loss and increase the operating frequency of the converter. The latter will reduce the sizes of the resonant inductor, transformer as well as resonant capacitor, and thereby improve the efficiency. In addition, parameters for the magnetic component transformer and the external resonant inductor are designed to reduce core and copper losses. Meanwhile, synchronous rectifier instead of diode rectifier is used to reduce the forward bias voltage loss of the diode in the secondary side of the transformer, resulting in the improvement of the overall converter efficiency.
In order to design the resonant capacitance and inductance, as well as the magnetization inductance and the turn-ratio of the transformer, the normalized frequency response graph of voltage gain is drawn to check the operation of the converter. Besides, LLC controller is introduced for minimum frequency limitation to avoid converter instability. The proposed resonant converter and control circuit are built for the output of 500W rated power, 24V DC with input voltage range of 90V to 264V. The switching frequency of the power factor corrector is 65kHz, while the switching frequency of the resonant DC power converter is from 75kHz to 350kHz. Experimental results show that the power factor and overall efficiency of the single-phase power supply are above 0.98 and 89.5%, respectively. In short, the feasibility of the proposed converter is verified experimentally.

中文摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 Ⅳ
符號說明 Ⅶ
圖表索引 X

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機及目的 1
1.2 文獻探討 3
1.3 本文的架構及特色 5
1.4 本文大綱 8

第二章 單相功率因數校正器的分析及設計 9
2.1前言 9
2.2單相功率因數校正器的操作 9
2.2.1連續導通模式之切換功率元件的電壓、電流的分析 10
2.2.2非連續導通模式之切換功率元件的電壓、電流的分析 13
2.2.3連續導通模式與非連續導通模式的比較 15
2.3單相功率因數校正轉換器的設計步驟 22
2.4結語 26

第三章 電感及電容諧振式直流轉換器的設計 27
3.1前言 27
3.2諧振式轉換器的比較 27
3.2.1串聯諧振電路 27
3.2.2並聯諧振電路 28
3.2.3串並聯諧振電路 29
3.2.4 LLC諧振電路 29
3.3本文的半橋式LLC諧振轉換器分析 33
3.3.1半橋式LLC諧振的頻率操作區域分析 34
3.3.2 LLC諧振電路頻率操作在區域-1的區域分析 36
3.3.3 LLC諧振電路頻率操作在區域-2的區域分析 41
3.3.4 LLC諧振電路頻率操作在區域-3的區域分析 45
3.4 全橋式同步整流器分析與設計 47
3.4.1同步整流器電路之功用 48
3.4.2同步整流的驅動及偵測 49
3.4.3同步整流的控制 52
3.5半橋式LLC諧振轉換器設計重點與步驟 54
3.6結語 65

第四章 實體製作及量測 66
4.1前言 66
4.2實體製作 66
4.2.1 LLC的控制器 66
4.2.2 實體電路 68
4.2.3 實體照片 71
4.3實測結果 72
4.3.1單相功率因數校正器的實測 72
4.3.2 LLC諧振式直流轉換器的量測 79
4.3.3整體轉換器實驗數據 85

第五章 結論及建議 90
5.1 結論 90
5.2 建議 91

參考文獻 92
附錄A 本文實體電路佈局 94

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