臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

功率因數校正整流器為大多數電源供應器的前端電路，影響整體電源供應器效率。近年來，功率因數校正整流器一直朝著全電壓全功率高效能發展；也使功率因數校正整流器控制器開始數位化。數位控制器需要類比數位轉換器進行類比訊號的量測，數位直流轉換器上為減少取樣電路所造成的量測誤差，許多研究使用比較器替代類比數位轉換器，並利用注入類比漣漪的方式提升訊號的量測；但功率因數校正整流器需要量測輸出電壓、輸入電流與輸入電壓，此三訊號有不同的訊號頻寬與特性；為此，本文將用比較器來取代數位功率因數校正整流器中的類比數位轉換器，但不同於注入類比漣漪，使用數位類比轉換器結合低通濾波器進行數位漣漪注入，改善類比漣漪不易調整的特性，並以一500瓦功率因數校正整流器做為實驗驗證。

Power factor correction rectifier (PFC) is the front end of most computer power supplies. Due to the climate change, high efficiency over wide load range is highly demanded in PFCs. This drives digital controller to replace analog controller. Analog to digital converters (ADC) are the essential parts for all digital powers. Some previous researches replace the ADC with a comparator and a counter for measuring the DC value of a rippled signal. Comparator based control does not only reduces system cost, but also eliminates the sampling error of the ADC. For those signals with small ripple, the comparator based digital controller injects extra analog ripple on signal feedback for signal sensing. However, in digital PFC, system operation point varies along the line voltage. The fixed analog ripple injection can only be optimized for one operating point. Therefore, a digital ripple injection is introduced in this paper. Instead of using analog circuits to generate analog ripple, a digital to analog converter (DAC) and a low pass filter can generate filtered digital ripple signal as the ripple inject. Based on digital ripple injection, a 500 watt digital PFC is implemented experimentally.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.1.1 過取樣量測 5
1.1.2 準確時序量測 5
1.2 研究方法 6
1.3 論文綱要 7
第二章 使用比較器做為訊號量測之介紹 8
2.1 前言 8
2.2 文獻探討 9
2.2.1 比較器搭配數位控制器之計數器用於電感電流與輸出電壓量測 9
2.2.2 使用Delta-Sigma DAC與比較器 12
2.3 比較器量測方法整理及本文提出之方法 13
2.3.1 遞增比較量測 14
2.3.2 漣漪比較量測 15
2.3.3 類比漣漪注入 16
2.3.4 數位漣漪注入 17
第三章 量測電路設計與控制方法 19
3.1 前言 19
3.2 量測電路設計 19
3.2.1 波形注入種類 19
3.2.2 低通濾波器設計 22
3.2.3 注入階層與時脈選擇 25
3.3 電路方塊圖 27
3.4 電壓量測控制方法 29
3.5 平均電流量測控制方法 31
3.6 計數器計算方法 33
3.6.1 固定週期計數 33
3.6.2 移動平均計數 34
3.6.3 數位濾波器 35
3.7 電流控制器 37
3.8 電壓控制器 38
3.9 數位脈衝寬度調變(DPWM) 39
3.9.1 DCM模式低電壓切換 40
第四章 實驗結果 42
4.1 前言 42
4.2 比較器實現之數位功率因數校正整流器實驗結果 42
4.2.1 電壓量測 43
4.2.2 電流量測 48
4.2.3 DCM低電壓切換 48
4.2.4 數位控制與類比控制比較實驗結果 50
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 67
5.1 結論 67
5.2 未來方向 67
參考文獻 68

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