臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

國際糖尿病學會指出近年來由於人口老化或長期的不正常飲食如高糖高脂飲食等因素造成全球罹患糖尿病的人數逐年增加。先前研究顯示，芭樂葉萃取物富含多酚類功能成分，具有降血糖、降血脂等相關功能。因此，本研究目的為探討補充富含芭樂葉萃取物的飲品是否對於高脂高糖飲食（High Fat Diet, HFD）Streptozotocin（STZ）與Nicotinamide（NA）及誘發的糖尿病大鼠具有降血糖能力及探討其相關作用機制。本實驗將60隻雄性Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠隨機分為兩組，一組為控制組（Normal control, N），另一組則先以HFD並配合腹腔注射STZ及NA誘導糖尿病動物模式，誘導成功後再分為五組，分別為負向控制組（Diabetes mellitus, DM）、正向控制組（Positive control, PC）、富含芭樂葉萃取物的飲品之低劑量組（L）、富含芭樂葉萃取物的飲品之中劑量組（M）、富含芭樂葉萃取物的飲品之高劑量組（H），並連續介入樣品五週後犧牲。飼養期間檢測大鼠體重、攝食量、飲水量、空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰島素值、口服蔗糖耐受性試驗（OSucTT）等。介入五週犧牲後分別檢測血液生化數值、抗氧化酵素活性、發炎因子及腸道組織中的轉運蛋白表現量。結果顯示，補充不同劑量之富含芭樂葉萃取物的飲品組別（L、M、H）與DM組相比，FBG、OSucTT中的血糖變化曲線及發炎因子皆下降，具顯著增加抗氧化酵素活性，且清除自由基能力之趨勢，調節腸道鈉依賴型葡萄糖共同運輸蛋白-1（SGLT1）及葡萄糖轉運蛋白-2（GLUT2）表現量。綜合上述結果可得，補充富含芭樂葉萃取物的飲品能藉由抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性及調節腸道轉運蛋白表現來降低腸道對醣類的吸收進而改善糖尿病大鼠的高血糖現象，且研究結果發現補充富含芭樂葉萃取物的飲品亦能降低糖尿病大鼠體內的發炎及氧化壓力情況來改善高血糖引起的發炎現象。

The International Diabetes Federation pointed out that in recent years, the number of people suffering from diabetes worldwide has increased year by year due to aging or long-term abnormal diet such as high-sugar and high-fat diet. Guava leaf extract (GLE) has been indicated the ability of anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic, probably due to its phenolic content. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of hypoglycemia activities of drink containing GLE on high fat high fructose diet rats which is intraperitoneally injected by Streptozotocin (STZ) and Nicotinamide (NA) to induce diabetes. This study use 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats and divide them into 2 groups, one is Normal control group and the other is diabetes-induced group. After the success of inducing diabetes by STZ and NA, the diabetes-induced group are divided into 5 groups, diabetes mellitus group (DM), positive control group (PC), low-dose GLE group (L), medium-dose GLE group (M), and high-dose GLE group (H) respectively. These 5 groups are given GLE for 5 weeks then sacrificed. In the experiment, we test the body weight, diet intake, water intake, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and fasting blood insulin of rats, and do oral sucrose tolerance test (OSucTT) on rats. After sacrificing, we also test blood biochemical value, antioxidant enzyme activity , inflammation, and gene expression in intestine tissue. Results showed that supplement GLE were significant decrease FBG, OSucTT, the area under the blood glucose curve in OSucTT, inflammation, expreesion of Sodium-Dependent Glucose Cotransporters-1（SGLT 1）, Glucose Transporter-2（GLUT 2）and increase antioxidant enzyme activity, TBARS compare with DM group. In conclusion, GLE in this study could improve blood glucose, inflammation, oxidative stress,α-glucosidase inhibitor on hyperglycemic diabetes rats.

第一章、 緒論 1
糖尿病 1
糖尿病的盛行率 1
糖尿病的定義 1
糖尿病的分類 2
第二型糖尿病發展進程 2
糖尿病治療模式 4
臨床上糖尿病藥物 5
調節血糖之相關基因 7
芭樂葉萃取物 9
芭樂葉萃取物與降血糖 9
芭樂葉萃取物與氧化壓力 10
芭樂葉萃取物與發炎反應 10
芭樂葉萃取物與血脂 10
STZ配合高脂高糖飲食誘導高血糖之動物模式 11
Streptozotocin 11
高脂高糖飲食 12
研究動機與目的 13
第二章、 實驗材料與方法 14
實驗架構 14
實驗材料 15
試驗樣品 15
實驗動物 15
實驗藥品與試劑 15
實驗方法與步驟 17
動物造症模式 17
實驗動物分組 17
飼料組成及樣品給予方式 17
實驗流程 19
分析方法 20
統計方法 26
第三章、 實驗結果 27
富含芭樂葉萃取物的飲品對於α-葡萄糖苷酶活性之半抑制濃度（IC50） 27
實驗動物造症模式確立 27
實驗期間各組別受試動物體重之變化 28
實驗期間各組別受試動物攝食量之變化 28
實驗期間各組別受試動物飲水量之變化 28
各組大鼠於介入五週後之血液生化值 29
受試動物於試驗期間不同時間點的空腹血糖及空腹胰島素之變化 29
各組大鼠於介入五週後進行口服蔗糖耐受性試驗之影響 30
各組大鼠於介入五週後血清中抗氧化活性及清除自由基能力之影響 31
各組大鼠於介入五週後血清中發炎激素分泌量之影響 31
各組大鼠於介入五週後對腸道組織中轉運蛋白表現量之影響 31
第四章、 討論 32
第五章、 結論 37
第六章、 參考文獻 38

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