臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

貓鬚草 (Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.) 為唇形花科 (Lamiaceae) 貓鬚草屬 (Orthosiphon) 的多年生草本植物，其成分包括黃酮類、萜類、精油等。研究顯示具有利尿、抗發炎、抗腫瘤降血糖等功效。本研究探討肥料三要素共五種處理(全施用肥料 (NPK)、不施用氮肥 (PK)、不施用磷肥 (NK)、不施用鉀肥 (NP) 和不施肥對照組 (CK))對貓鬚草生長、產量與不同採收期各部位成分之影響，並探討最佳萃取方法與開發高效液相層析法 (high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC) 之多成分同時分析。結果顯示，硫酸銨、過磷酸鈣和氯化鉀用量每公頃分別為350、150和180 kg，在9月NPK總產量達最大值為103.37±7.05 g，以PK與CK顯著降低產量。50% methanol進行熱迴流萃取為最佳條件，caffeic acid、rosmarinic acid、sinensetin和eupatorin的萃取量分別為2,800±5.50、43,027.27±118.19、928.78±9.65和1,449.68±5.99 μg/g。整體而言指標成分在植物體內分佈為花>葉>莖=根，可開發花部作為新的利用部位，且全施用肥料 (NPK) 能顯著增加產量及成分含量。本論文研究結果可供作為貓鬚草後續栽培及成分分析之參考。

Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq., belongs to the Orthosiphon genus in Lamiaceae family, is a kind of perennial herbal plant which includes flavonoids, terpenoids, essential oils., etc. It was found that O. stamineus exhibits diuretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-thistumor, hypoglycemic, and so on. In this study, it was investigated the effect of three elements (full applying fertilizer (NPK), applying without nitrogen (PK), applying without phosphate (NK), applying without potassium (NP) and control (CK)) on growth, yield and four components analysis in different harvest period. Studies also conducted on extraction condition and quantitative analysis by HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography). The results showed that application rate of ammonium sulfate, calcium phosphate and potassium chloride was 350, 150 and 180 kg/ha, respectively. The highest yield was found in September by treatment of NPK with the dry weight 103.37±7.05 g. Fertilizer experiment showed that PK and CK treatments reduced total yield. Extraction condition, hot reflux extraction with 50% methanol as extraction solvent, was used to analysis for the target components content of root, stem, leaf and flower in different harvest period. The results indicated that the amount of target components content in caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, sinensetin and eupatorin were 2,800±5.50, 43,027.27±118.19, 928.78±9.65 and 1,449.68±5.99 μg/g, respectively. Generally speaking, the distribution of target components content in the plant, flower was the hightest, leaf was the second and the lowest was stem and root. Flower appeared to be a potential development. NPK treatment can increase yield and content of target components. This study could be the reference for cultivation and components analysis.

摘要 I
Abstract II
謝誌 IV
目錄 V
圖表目錄 VIII
壹、前言 1
貳、文獻回顧 3
一、貓鬚草介紹 3
二、貓鬚草形態特徵 3
三、貓鬚草栽培 4
四、貓鬚草成分鑑定 5
五、貓鬚草萃取物生物活性與藥理活性 7
(一) 利尿、排石 7
(二) 抗發炎作用 7
(三) 抗腫瘤作用 7
(四) 降血糖作用 7
(五) 減肥作用 8
(六) 安全性 8
六、貓鬚草成分的生物活性與藥理活性 9
參、材料與方法 10
一、研究架構 10
二、試驗材料 11
(一) 田間試驗材料 11
(二) 試藥與溶劑 11
(三) 儀器設備 13
三、組織切片 14
(一) 固定 14
(二) 脫水 14
(三) 滲蠟 15
(四) 埋蠟 15
(五) 切片 15
(六) 展片 15
(七) 脫蠟及染色 15
(八) 封片及鏡檢 16
四、田間試驗 17
(一) 栽培環境氣象資料蒐集 17
(二) 土壤理化性質分析 17
(三) 育苗與定植 17
(四) 肥料三要素試驗 17
五、貓鬚草檢品之成分分析 19
(一) 最佳萃取條件之探討 19
(二) 檢品溶液製備 19
(三) 標準品溶液製備 19
(四) 內部標準品溶液製備 20
(五) 檢量線製作 20
(六) 高效液相層析 (HPLC) 分析條件 21
(七) 分析方法之確效試驗 22
(八) 資料統計分析 23
肆、結果 24
一、栽培環境氣象資料收集 24
二、組織切片 25
三、肥料三要素對貓鬚草生長及產量之影響 29
(一) 生長調查 29
(二) 產量調查 34
四、肥料三要素處理對貓鬚草成分之定量分析 38
(一) 成分分析 38
(二) 檢量線製作 38
(三) 分析方法確效試驗 40
(四) 最佳萃取條件之探討 46
(五) 肥料三要素對貓鬚草指標成分含量之影響 48
伍、討論 57
一、基原鑑定 57
二、貓鬚草生長與產量探討 57
三、貓鬚草成分分析探討 58
陸、結論 59
參考文獻 60
附錄 70
作者簡介 77

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