臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

傳統的TOPSIS法必須大量仰賴專家的意見，有過於主觀的缺點，故本文發展出以專利分析所得到功能領域的功能字群之常態化數值的觀念，建立結合修正式模糊DANP法之修正式模糊TOPSIS方法，決定出不同改善方案之優先順序。本研究先以LED軌道燈為例做分析，再以牙科燈為例，依前述修正式模糊TOPSIS法求出不同功能改善方案的優先順序。將所得之功能改善方案之最優先改善方案，再配合產品技術/功能矩陣，針對其要改善的功能領域選擇可應用的技術領域，將其應用在修正式TRIZ方法作為新產品設計時創新方法構思的依據。
如上所述本研究將產品功能結合修正式模糊DANP之修正式模糊TOPSIS法實際應用於牙科燈。其步驟進一步說明如下，本文經由牙科燈產品之相關文獻探討及各項專利分析，將牙科燈分為3個功能改善方案，其為方案A:提高裝配便利性＋改善光的均勻性及亮度＋調節照明強度及範圍，方案B:提高散熱性＋降低成本及延長使用壽命＋調節照明強度及範圍及方案C:提升裝配便利性＋提高散熱性＋降低成本和提高使用壽命之A、B、C三種產品功能改善方案。再將產品功能之準則分為1.提高裝配便利性、2.改善陰影及眩光、3.改善光的均勻性及亮度、4.提高散熱性、5.降低眼睛疲勞程度、6.降低成本並提高使用壽命及7.調節照明範圍等7項功能領域。並將此7項功能領域做為評選新產品改善方案最重要的評估功能準則。接著透過以產品功能為主之修正式模糊DEMATEL所分析出的因果圖來分析上述七項功能領域的核心功能領域及各功能領域的相互受影響程度。本研究將牙科燈以其具相依性的三項產品功能改善方案為修正式模糊TOPSIS優先評選方案次序的方案，計算三項功能改善方案的優先評選次序。最後演算得到牙科燈之權值矩陣。本文提出將修正式模糊DEMATEL之總關係影響矩陣T與修正式模糊ANP之內部相依存成對比較矩陣W3進行矩陣運算，形成新的修正式模糊DANP的W3D權值，接著依照修正式模糊DANP法步驟，計算各方案的模糊決策矩陣WP，再將模糊W3D及模糊Wp之W_pij先代入修正式模糊TOPSIS方法的R_ij公式做計算，再利用修正式模糊TOPSIS法的其他相關公式計算出各功能改善方案之優先次序，評選出最優先之功能改善方案。本研究再應用牙科燈的產品技術/功能矩陣，就最優先選擇的功能改善方案，對應可應用之技術領域，選擇適當的技術領域做改善，再利用修正式TRIZ發明法做創新改良設計，最後可得到新設計之牙科燈。

Traditional TOPSIS method has to depend a lot on the opinions of experts, so it has the shortcoming of being too subjective. Therefore, the paper develops a concept of normalized numerical values of functional word cluster of the functional domains obtained from patent analysis, and establishes a modified fuzzy TOPSIS method that combines with modified fuzzy DANP method to determine the priority order of different improvement projects.
The paper firstly takes LED track light as an example for analysis, and then takes dental light as an example for analysis. According to the modified fuzzy TOPSIS method mentioned above, the paper finds the priority order of different functional improvement projects. The acquired most prioritized improvement project of the functional improvement projects is matched with the product technical/functional matrix. Focusing on the functional domains to be improved, the paper selects applicable technical domains for application to modified TRIZ method and lets them serve as a reference in thinking of innovative method for the design of new products.
As mentioned above, the paper combines product functions with modified fuzzy TOPSIS method of modified fuzzy DANP for actual application to dental light, and its procedure is further explained below. After reviewing the related literature of dental light product and analyzing different patents, the paper divides dental light into 3 functional improvement projects of product: Project A is increase of assembly convenience + improvement of evenness and luminosity of light + adjustment of illumination strength and range; Project B is heat dissipation increase + cost reduction and service life extension + adjustment of illumination strength and range; and Project C is increase of assembly convenience + heat dissipation increase + cost reduction and service life extension.
The criteria of product functions are divided into 7 functional domains: 1. increase of assembly convenience; 2. improvement of shadow and dazzling light; 3. improvement of evenness and luminosity of light; 4. heat dissipation increase; 5. eye fatigue reduction; 6. cost reduction and service life extension; and 7. adjustment of illumination strength and range. These 7 functional domains serve as the most important functional evaluation criteria for selection of new product-improvement projects. After that, through the causal diagram drawn after analysis by the product function-based modified fuzzy DEMATEL, the paper analyzes the core functional field of the above 7 functional domains and the degree of mutual influence among different functional fields.
The paper takes the 3 interdepending product function improvement projects of dental light as the modified fuzzy TOPSIS projects, to calculate the priority order for selection of the 3 functional improvement projects. Finally, through algorithm, the paper obtains the weight matrix of dental light. The paper suggests that the total relational influence matrix T of modified fuzzy DEMATEL is paired with internal interdependence of modified fuzzy ANP so as to compare to matrix W3 and carry out matrix computing, thus forming the weight W3D of a new modified fuzzy DANP.
After that, according to the procedure of modified fuzzy DANP method, the paper calculates the fuzzy decision-making matrix WP of each project. Then, fuzzy W3D and Wpij of fuzzy Wp are substituted in equation Rij of modified fuzzy TOPSIS method for calculation. Other related equations of modified fuzzy TOPSIS method are also used for calculation of the priority order of different functional improvement projects, and then the most prioritized functional improvement project is selected.
The paper also applies the product technical/functional matrix of dental light to find, based on the most prioritized selected functional improvement project, the corresponding applicable technical domain. After a suitable technical domain is selected for improvement, the paper uses modified TRIZ invention method to make innovative and improved design. Finally, a newly designed dental light can be achieved.

摘要 II
Abstract IV
目錄 VII
圖目錄 XI
表目錄 XII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與研究動機 1
1.2文獻回顧 2
1.2.1 LED之相關文獻 2
1.2.2 LED軌道燈之相關文獻 3
1.2.3 牙科燈之相關文獻 4
1.2.4 修正式TRIZ之相關文獻 5
1.2.5 專利分析之相關文獻 7
1.2.6 決策實驗室法(DEMATEL)結合分析網路程序法(ANP)的DANP法之相關文獻 8
1.2.7 TOPSIS之相關文獻 9
1.3 論文架構 11
第二章 牙科燈之簡介與相關理論 15
2.1 牙科燈之介紹 15
2.2光學理論介紹 17
2.2.1 光通量（Φ） 17
2.2.2照度（E） 18
2.2.3發光強度（I） 18
2.3 熱傳基本理論 20
2.3.1 熱傳導理論 20
2.3.2 熱對流理論 21
第三章 修正式TRIZ之簡介 23
3.1 TRIZ源起 23
3.2 TRIZ理論基礎 24
3.3 修正式TRIZ分群法 26
3.4 修正式TRIZ分群法判讀流程 31
第四章 結合修正式模糊DANP與修正式模糊TOPSIS之決策程序評選優先改善方案 35
4.1模糊理論 35
4.1.1歸屬函數 37
4.1.2標準交集(Standard Intersection) 37
4.1.3 α-截集(α-cut) 38
4.2修正式模糊分析網路程序法(Fuzzy ANP) 38
4.3模糊決策實驗式分析法(Fuzzy DEMATEL)之決策程序 40
4.4 結合修正式模糊DANP與修正式模糊TOPSIS法的的決策程序 42
第五章 以產品功能結合修正式DANP與TOPSIS評選LED軌道燈之優先設計方案 49
5.1修正式DANP與TOPSIS法應用於LED軌道燈 49
5.1.1 應用修正式DANP與TOPSIS法於LED軌道燈之產品功能 50
5.1.3 產品功能結合修正式DANP與TOPSIS法評選LED軌道燈優先次序之結果比較 75
第六章 結合修正式模糊DANP與修正式模糊TOPSIS之決策程序評選LED軌道燈之優先改善方案 77
6.1 利用專利功能字篩選出產品技術/功能之準則 77
6.2 產品功能結合修正式模糊ANP評選LED軌道燈 78
6.2.1 建立層級架構 79
6.2.2 產品功能結合修正式模糊ANP評選LED軌道燈步驟過程 80
第七章 以產品技術結合修正式模糊DANP與修正式模糊TOPSIS決策程序評選牙科燈之優先改善方案 115
7.1 利用專利功能字篩選出產品技術/功能之準則 115
7.2 產品功能結合修正式ANP評選牙科燈 119
7.2.2 產品功能結合修正式ANP評選牙科燈步驟過程 121
第八章 牙科燈之修正式TRIZ創新個別方案研發過程及模擬 155
8.1 新改良牙科燈功能問題 155
8.2 利用修正式TRIZ在牙科燈的功能改良與模擬 156
8.2.1減少生產成本之改善 159
第九章 結論 163
參考文獻 164

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