臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用熱電致冷晶片做為車用空調的主要製冷元件，並設計一車用分散式空調系統模組。隨著電動與混合動力車輛的發展，車輛上的各子系統也逐漸電氣化，包含維持車廂內舒適環境的空調系統，除了電動壓縮機以外熱電致冷晶片也使用電力做為製冷的能量來源，並且無須冷媒進行系統的熱交換，因此可以製成模組並適當配置於車輛內各座位，為一分散式概念設計，此設計可以讓各模組獨立控制形成一個人化空調系統，並可以僅開啟需冷卻座位之空調以節省能量消耗，讓車輛的續航力提升。本實驗制訂了一套熱電致冷晶片分散式空調之設計流程，並搭配欲使用之載具進行模組能力之評估與系統的最佳化。經過設計與分析後本研究所設計的熱電分散式空調模組最低操作電流需為2.1A方能符合車廂所需製冷功率136W，並經平臺測試驗證此模組確實可以達到設計要求。

In this study, thermoelectric coolers were used as the main refrigeration components in vehicle air-conditioner. Also, a vehicle distributed air-conditioning modules were designed. With the development of electric and hybrid vehicles, the vehicle subsystems have gradually been electrified. These subsystems include air-conditioning system which maintain a comfortable environment in the cabin, and the thermoelectric cooler which use electricity instead of refrigerant to make heat exchange besides electric compressor. Based on the distributed concept, the latter module can install on each single seat in the vehicle. This design enables individual control in air-conditioning system. In other words, passengers will be able to control the air system individually, save the energy, and increase the endurance of vehicle in turn. This experiment developed and designed a process of Thermoelectric Distributed Air-Conditioner in the specific vehicle, and then evaluated the whole cooling system. The result showed that Thermoelectric Distributed Air-Conditioner needed with using 2.1A electricity in order to achieve the desired cooling power 136W which we need, after platform testing this module can achieve the design requirements.

摘　要　ii
ABSTRACT　iii
誌 謝　iv
目 錄　vi
表目錄　viii
圖目錄　ix

第一章 緒論　1
1.1 前言　1
1.2 研究動機與目的　2
1.3 文獻回顧　4
1.3.1 電動車輛空調系統　4
1.3.2 致冷晶片空調系統與相關應用　7
1.3.3 區域性空調技術　12

第二章 熱電致冷晶片　18
2.1 熱電效應　18
2.1.1 Seebeck effect　18
2.1.2 Peltier effect　19
2.1.3 Thomson effect　19
2.1.4 Joule effect　20
2.2 熱電優值　21
2.3 熱電致冷晶片運作原理　23
2.4 熱電致冷晶片的性能分析　29
2.4 熱電致冷晶片的性能量測　31

第三章 研究方法　34
3.1 車廂所需之製冷能力評估　35
3.1.1 3D車艙模型建立　36
3.1.2 網格系統　37
3.1.3 數學模型　38
3.1.4 自適應網格　43
3.1.5 車艙模擬設定　44
3.1.6 舒適度標準　49
3.1.7 模組所需功率計算　50
3.2 熱電分散式空調模組設計　51
3.2.1 熱電分散式空調模組　51
3.2.2 模組鰭片對流熱傳係數計算　57
3.2.3 模組製冷功率推導　60
3.3 熱電分散式空調模組測試　61
3.3.1 熱電分散式空調模組平臺測試　61

第四章 實驗結果與討論　63
4.1 車廂所需之製冷能力評估　63
4.1.1數值模擬分析　63
4.1.2空氣流體徑線分析　64
4.2 熱電分散式空調模組製冷能力評估　65
4.2.1熱電致冷晶片特性量測　65
4.2.2散熱鰭片對流熱傳係數分析　68
4.2.3模組製冷能力評估　71
4.3 熱電分散式空調模組平臺量測　73

第五章 結論與未來展望　79
5.1 結論　79
5.2 未來展望　80
參考文獻　81
符號彙編　83

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