臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在環境生態學上，生態學家對於兩個群落中的物種分布結構是相當感興趣的課題，例如共同種類數的多寡或是兩個群落的相似程度為何？然而共同種類數僅考慮物種出現與否，並未考慮物種的相對豐富度之資訊。Morisita(1959)提出豐富度的相似性指標，其除了考慮物種數之外，亦考慮其相對豐富度。Morisita(1959)和Horn(1966)分別各自提出一估計量，然而這兩個估計量在小樣本時都會產生偏誤(分別為高估和低估的情形)。本文以修正係數的概念，提出新的估計方式來改善其偏誤的情形；並且藉由電腦模擬方式，改變樣本大小以及不同的共同種類數，來探討本文所提出的方法與原先的估計方法之間的差異。最後，本文所提出之方法將以嘉義縣好美里海岸線水生生物(蝦、蟹和螺貝類等)的資料加以應用分析，並結合多元尺度(multidimensional scaling)分析法探討物種在調查期間的變化情形。

In environmental ecology, the ecologists are interest in the species structure of two assemblages, such as the number of shared species or their similarity of the two assem-blages. However, shared species richness only consider the species appear or not, but it ignores their relative abundance. Morisita (1959) proposes the similarity index which not only considering the number of species but also including the relative abundance of species. Morisita (1959) and Horn (1966) propose the different estimators of similarity index, respectively. Their estimators are bias under the small sample size. In the thesis, we propose the idea of the coefficient of adjustment to modify the bias. We compare our method with others by changing the sample sizes and the number of shared species in the simulation result. Finally, we will analysis the marine organism in the Haomei Vil-lage, Chiayi County, Taiwan. Furthermore, we use the multidimensional scaling (MDS) to realize the variation of species during the survey period.

中文摘要..............................................I
英文摘要..............................................II
感謝詞................................................III
目錄..................................................IV
第一章 緒論...........................................1
第二章 模式及符號說明與文獻回顧.......................4
2.1 模式及符號說明.................................4
2.1.1 模式介紹..................................4
2.1.2 符號說明..................................4
2.2 文獻回顧..........................................7
2.2.1 出現性指標...................................7
2.2.2 豐富度指標...................................10
2.2.3 其他相似性指標...............................15
第三章Morisita相似性指標之估計量研究..................17
3.1 Morisita相似性指標................................17
3.1.1 Morisita 修正估計量..........................18
3.1.2 Morisita-Horn 修正估計量.....................22
3.2 估計量之變異數....................................26
第四章 模擬研究與分析.................................28
4.1 修正估計量偏誤之模擬比較.......................30
4.2 本文估計量之模擬...............................31
4.3 拔靴重抽法之變異數模擬.........................33
第五章 實例分析-好美里水生生態系資料..................36
第六章 結論和未來研究.................................41
附表..................................................43
參考文獻..............................................98

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蘇郁如。2005。生物多樣性相似性指標之統計分析。國立清華大學統計學研究所生物環境統計組碩士學位論文。新竹。
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