臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用硝酸鉍作為先驅物，以噴霧熱解法與水熱法製備氧化鉍基粉體，探討不同製程在粉體特性、光學分析上的影響；並比較擇優，最後以硝酸鉍基地相作為先驅物，添加不同比例硝酸鋅(5、10、20 at%)先驅物探討同一基地相不同鋅離子添加量對粉體特性、光學特性、觸媒活性之影響；與結合紫外光晶片激發RGB螢光粉之白光LED晶粒，探討氧化鉍基觸媒粉體對白光LED晶粒在紫外漏光、演色性、出光率上的影響，同時具備光觸媒擁有淨化空氣之能力。
研究結果顯示：
(1) 粉體特性:
以噴霧熱解法製備純氧化鉍基粉體具有較佳的粉體尺寸、商業優勢、光學優點以及較佳的紫外漏光抑制效能；以同一基地相添加不同含量鋅離子(5、10、20 at%)之粉體呈現空心球、實心球及破碎碗狀結構，且由計算顆粒尺寸、晶格常數、晶粒大小及比表面積上，添加氧化鋅能助於晶粒成長，但超過一固溶量值析出成第二相抑制了顆粒成長，導致比表面積隨鋅添加量越大而增加。
(2) 光學特性:
氧化鋅添加於氧化鉍基粉體系統中能有效的增加光學特性，將噴霧熱解法合成純氧化鉍粉體利用網版印刷法混和光學膠塗佈於玻璃基材上，作為對紫外光抑制之效果量測，乃隨著觸媒濃度之增加而遞增且有逐漸飽和之趨勢。其中以SP600 ℃、SP700 ℃對紫外光抑制效果最佳其效能分別為70%及89%。而添加0、5、10、20 at%氧化鋅在效能表現上SP600℃系統為70%、68%、72%、72%；SP700℃系統為89%、65%、69%、73%。

In the present study, bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) powders were prepared from bismuth nitrate (BiNH) by spray pyrolysis (SP) and hydrothermal (HT) processes. The influences of both processes on the characteristics and photoreactive behaviors of the resulting powders were investigated. Subsequently the Bi2O3 powder was doped with various amounts (0, 5, 10 and 20 at%) of zinc (Zn) to modify its characteristics, photoreactive and catalytic properties. The powders were then deposited onto a diffusor of UV-LED (ultraviolet light-emitting diode) to inhibit the UV light emitted from the LED. The UV light inhibition, color rendering index and transmittance as well as the degradation of air pollution of the powders were discussed.
The experimental results indicated that the SP-derived Bi2O3 powder possessed smaller particle size, lower cost and better photoractive and UV-resistance properties comparing to the HT-derived powder. The microstructural observation suggested that the SP Bi2O3 particles exhibited solid, hollow and bowl-like structures no matter Zn was doped or not. Furthermore, small amounts of Zn addition may cause the increase in crystallite size of Bi2O3. When the addition excesses a certain value, the immiscible secondary phase may precipitate to inhibit the grain growth of Bi2O3, causing the increase in specific surface area of the Bi2O3 with increasing the Zn addition.
Zn addition can enhance the photoreactive performance of the Bi2O3 powder. No obvious influence on the catalytic properties of Bi2O3 can be found from the evaluations of lattice parameter, crystallite size and surface area when Zn was doped. The SP powders were then mixed with optical paste and screen-printed onto the diffusor of UV-LED for evaluation of UV inhibition. The UV inhibition of the undoped SP Bi2O3 powder was increased and then saturated gradually with the increase of Bi2O3 solid content. The Bi2O3 powder pyrolyzed at 600 and 700°C (denoted as SP600 and SP700 powders) exhibited better UV inhibition efficiencies of 70% and 89%, respectively, in this system. The UV inhibitions of SP600 powder were 70%, 68%, 72% and 72% when Zn additions were 0, 5, 10 and 20 at%, respectively. Whereas, the UV inhibitions of SP700 powder were 89%, 65%, 69% and 73% when Zn additions were 0, 5, 10 and 20 at%, respectively.

目錄
中文摘要 I
Abstract III
目錄 V
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XIII
第一章、前言 1
第二章、文獻回顧 3
2.1　氧化鉍之介紹與製備 3
2.1.1 氧化鉍的基本結構與特性 3
2.1.2　氧化鉍的結構介紹 4
2.1.3 氧化鉍的改質 6
2.1.4　氧化鉍的製備 8
2.1.5 氧化鉍的製程分析比較 13
2.1.6 國外研究氧化鉍之現況 15
2.1.7 國內研究氧化鉍之現況 18
2.2 光觸媒 19
2.2.1 光觸媒的原理 20
2.2.2 具可見光催化效能之光觸媒 20
2.2.3 氧化鉍的光觸媒特性 25
2.2.4 光觸媒的改質 26
2.2.5 光觸媒受光催化降解效能 29
2.2.6 國內研究光觸媒之現況 32
2.3 發光二極體 34
2.3.1 發光特性 34
2.3.2 發展現況 38
2.3.3 發光二極體種類與應用 38
2.3.4 白光LED 40
2.3.5 色溫及演色性 40
第三章、實驗步驟 43
3.1　實驗設計與目的 43
3.2　觸媒材料製備 46
3.2.1　粉體製備 46
3.2.2　網印 48
3.3　觸媒材料之特性分析 49
3.3.1　熱重分析 49
3.3.2　X光繞射分析 49
3.3.3　冷場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡表面型態分析 50
3.3.4　穿透式電子顯微鏡粉體結構分析 51
3.3.5　化學分析電子能譜儀 51
3.3.6 可見光-紫外光譜分析儀 51
3.3.7　高解析比表面積分析儀 52
3.4　光學行為之量測 53
3.4.1　LED積分球檢測分析 53
3.4.2　光催化降解檢測 55
第四章、結果與討論 57
4.1　 先驅物粉體之特性分析 57
4.1.1　TGA熱重分析 57
4.2　 噴霧熱解粉體之特性分析 58
4.2.1　XRD結晶結構分析 58
4.2.2　FESEM表面型態分析 61
4.2.3　TEM 微結構分析 66
4.2.4　XPS粉體成分分析 67
4.2.5　UV-Visble 光學特性分析 71
4.2.6　BET分析 72
4.2.7　噴霧熱解粉體光電特性分析 73
4.3　 水熱法粉體之特性分析 86
4.3.1　XRD結晶結構分析 86
4.3.2　HRTEM顯微結構分析 87
4.3.3　FESEM表面形態分析 89
4.3.4　水熱法光學分析 92
4.3.5　製程比較 93
4.4　 噴霧熱解複合粉體之特性分析 98
4.4.1　XRD結晶結構分析 98
4.4.2　FESEM表面型態分析 103
4.4.3　TEM 微結構分析 105
4.4.4　XPS粉體成分分析 106
4.4.5　UV-Visble 光學特性分析 113
4.4.6　BET 分析 116
4.4.7　噴霧熱解氧化鉍基粉體光電特性之分析 117
4.4.8 光催化分析 133
4.4.9 螢光光譜分析(PL) 147
第五章、結論 151
第六章、未來方向 154
參考文獻 155

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