臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著經濟活動的頻繁 人們對於外表儀容 越來越重視 尤其是髮型 美容 與服飾方面 而台灣在各國自身努力並兼容歐美日韓各國文化熏陶 演化出台灣獨特的美髮服務體系 而中國這新興的且深具潛力的市場 正是各國逐漸重視的地區 在面臨全球化趨勢之快速變遷 企業如何抱持競爭優勢 並作出正確的決定 將是一大重大挑戰如何協助台灣服務業順利進入中國大陸市場，本文藉由國際市場進入模式、鑽石模型與Saaty (1996)提出網路層級分析法(Analytic Network Process, ANP) 之多準則決策模式評選出台灣美髮業進入中國市場之最佳方案。

With economic activities getting more frequently, people also pay attention to themselves outlooks, especially on hair style, body shape and dress. Taiwan develops a unique service system on hair style by working hard and fusing foreigns’features, like State, Europe countries, Japan and Korea. And China is an unlimited potentially market area that more and more countries pay attention to. However, it is a huge challenge for companies to keep competition advantage and quickly to make correctly decision, while facing the rapid advancement of global market.
How to help Taiwan service industry successfully enter Chinese market? The study selects several evaluation models which are Entry Model, Modified Delphi Method and Analytic Network Process (ANP) Model by Saaty(1996) for Taiwan’s hair industry entry China market.

摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
目 錄 IV
圖 目 錄 VI
表 目 錄 VII
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究問題與目的 2
1.3研究範圍與對象 2
1.4研究流程架構 2
1.5論文結構 4
第二章 文獻探討 6
2.1 兩岸服務貿易與美髮業現況 7
2.1.1兩岸洽簽服務貿易協議 7
2.1.2兩岸服務貿易協商成果 8
2.1.2.1兩岸服務貿易負面效益 8
2.1.2.2兩岸服務貿易正面效益 9
2.1.2.3兩岸服務貿易後續因應及輔導計畫 10
2.2進入模式相關文獻 10
2.2.1國際市場進入模式的類型 10
2.2.2國際市場進入模式之定義 12
2.2.3海外市場進入模式選擇理論 12
2.2.4策略聯盟之定義 15
2.2.5技術入股 15
2.2.5.1技術股之模式設計研究 16
2.2.5.2技術作價入股動機 17
2.3 鑽石模型 17
2.4修正式德菲法(DELPHI METHOD) 19
2.5網路層級分析法(ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCESS) 23
2.6小結 27
第三章 研究方法 28
3.1ANP模式之步驟程序 28
3.2建構台灣美髮業進出中國市場之多準則評選模式 33
3.3ANP模型之建構 45
3.4小結 45
第四章 分析與驗證 46
4.1.1 ANP問卷設計與發放 48
4.1.2 ANP演算分析 48
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 55
5.1結論 55
5.2研究限制 56
5.3對產業應用之建議 56
5.4對後續研究之建議 57
參考文獻 58

一、英文部份
1.Anderson, E. and Gatignon, H.,“Modes of Foreign Entry: A Transaction Cost Analysis and Propositions,”Journal of International Business Studies, Vol.17, 1986, pp.1-26.
2.Ahmed, Z. U., Mohamad, O., Tan, B. and Johnson, J. P., “International risk perceptions and mode of entry: A case study of Malaysian multinational firms,” Journal of Business Research, Vol.55, 2002, pp.805-813.
3.Alfaro, L., Chanda, A., Kalemli-Ozcan, S. and Sayek, S., “FDI and economic growth: the role of local financial markets,”Journal of International Economics, Vol.64, No.1, 2004, pp.89-112.
4.Bell, J., “Think Strategically”. Distribution, Vol.96, 1997, pp.30-31.
5.Brouthers, K. D., Brouthers, L. E. and Werner, S., “Industrial sector, perceived environmental uncertainty, and entry mode strategy,” Journal of Business Research, Vol.55, 2002, pp.495-507.
6.Brouthers, K. D., “Institutional, cultural and transaction cost influences on entry mode choice and performance,” Journal of International Business Studies, Vol.33, 2002, pp.203-221.
7.Brouthers, K. D., Brouthers, L. E., and Werner, S., “Transaction cost-enhanced entry mode choices and firm performance,” Strategic Management Journal, Vol.24, 2003, pp.1239-1248.
8.Brooks, K. W., “Delphi Technique: Expanding Applications,” North Central Association Quarterly, Vol. 53, No. 3, 1979, pp. 377-385.
9.Burgel, O. and Murray, G. C., “The international market entry choices of start-up companies in high-technology industries,” Journal of International Marketing, Vol.8, No.2, 2000, pp.33-62.
10.Chen, H. and Chen, T. J., “Governance structures in strategic alliances: Transaction cost versus resource-based perspective,” Journal of World Business, Vol.38, 2003, pp.1-14.
11.Cheng, E.W.L. and Li, H., “Contractor Selection Using the Analytic Network Process,” Construction Management and Economics, Vol.22, 2004, pp.1021-1032.
12.Chen, Z., Li, H. and Wong, C.T.C., “Environal Planning: Analytic Network Process Model for Environmentally Conscious Construction Planning,” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol.131, No.1, 2005, pp.92-101.
13.Chen, Y. T. and Chou, T. Y., “Applying GRA and QFD to Improve LibraryService Quality,” The Journal of Academic Librarianship.Vol.37, No.3, 2011, pp.237-245.
14.Coase, R.H., “The Nature of the Firm,” Economica, Vol.4, No.4, 1937, pp.386- 405.
15.Contractor, F. J., & Lorange, P., “Why should firms cooperate? The strategy and economics basis for cooperative ventures,” Cooperative Strategies in International Business, Lexingion Books, 1986.
16.Dunning, J.H., “Toward an Electic Theory of international production: Some empirical tests,” Journal of International Business Studies, Vol.11, 1980, pp.9-31.
17.Hill, C. W., Hwang, P. and Kim, W. C., “An Eclectic Theory of the Choice of the International Entry Mode,” Strategic Management Journal, Vol.11, 1990, pp.117-128.
18.Hsu, T.H., Hung, L.C. and Tang, J.W., “A hybrid ANP Evaluation Model for Electronic Service Quality,”Applied Soft Computing, Vol.12, 2012, pp. 72–81.
19.Hung, S.J., “Activity-Based Divergent Supply Chain Planning for Competitive Advantage in the Risky Global Environment A DEMATEL-ANP Fuzzy Goal Programming Approach,” Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.38, 2011, pp. 9053-9062.
20.Jonathan, C. G., Andrew, S., Puneet, D. and John, M. L., “Bioenergy Development in Kentucky: A SWOT-ANP Analysis,” Fprext Policy Economics, Vol.28, 2013, pp.38-43.
21.Kim, W. C. and Hwang, P., “Global strategy and multinationals’ entry mode choice,” Journal of International Business Studies, Vol.23, No, 1, 1992. Pp.29-54.
22.Lee. J.W. and Kim, S.H., “Using Analytic Network Process and Goal Programming for Interdependent Information System Project Selection,” Computers and Operations Research, Vol. 27, 2000, pp.367-382.
23.Lee, H., Kim, C., Cho, H. and Park, Y., “An ANP-Bsed Technology Network for Identification of Core Technologies: A Case of Telecomunication Technologies,” Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.36, 2009, pp. 894–908.
24.Lee, J. W. and Kim, S. H., “Using Analytic Network Process and Goal Programming for Interdependent Information System Project Selection,” Computers and Operations Research, Vol. 27, No.4, 2000, pp. 367-382.
25.Linstone, H.A. and Turoff, M., “The Delphi Method：Techniques and Applications,” MA：Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1979.
26.Lskavyan, V. and Sptareanu, M., “Shareholder protection, ownership concentration and FDI,” Journal of Economics, Vol.17, 2010, pp.5536-5553.
27.Lu, J. W., “Intra- and inter-organizational imitative behavior: Institutional influences on Japanese firms’ entry mode choice,” Journal of International Business Studies, Vol.33, 2002, pp.19–37.
28.Luo, Z.M., Zhou, J.Z., Zheng, L.P. and He, Y.Y., “A TFN–ANP Based Approach to Evaluate Virtual Research Center Comprehensive Performance,” Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.37, 2010, pp.8379–8386.
29.Madhok, A., “Cost, value and foreign market entry mode: The transaction and the firm,” Strategic Management Journal, Vol.18, 1997, pp.39–61.
30.Madjid, T., Ehsan, M., Nahid, R., Seyed, M.M. and Hamidreza, R., “A Novel Hybrid Social Media Platform Selection Model Using Fuzzy ANPand COPRAS-G,” Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.140, 2013, pp. 5694–5702.
31.Mcfarlan, F.W., “Portfolio Approach to Information Systems,” Harv Bus Rev, Vol.59, No.5, 1981, pp.142-150.
32.Meade, L.M. and Sarkis, J., “Strategic Analysis of Logistics and Supply Chain Management Systems Using the Analytical Network Process,” Transportation Research Part E-Logistics and Transportation Review, Vol.34, No.3, 1998, pp. 201-215.
33.Meade, L.M. and Sarkis, J., “Analyzing Organizational Project Alternatives for Agile Manufacturing Processes: An Analytical Network Approach,” International Journal of Production Research, Vol.37, No.2, 1999, 241-261.
34.Mehmet, S., Oztekin, A., Uysal, O., Torlak, G., Turkyilmaz, A. and Delen, D.,“ Development of a fuzzy ANP based SWOT analysis for the airline industry in Turkey,” Expert Systems with Applications Vol.39, 2012, pp. 14–24.
35.Michael, R. C. and Ilkka, A. R., “International Business and Trade in the Next Decade: Report from a Delphi Study,” Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 28, No.4, 1997, pp. 827-844.
36.Millar, V. E., “The Delphi Technique,” Information – Strategies: The Executive’s Journal, Vol.1, No.1, 1984, pp. 32-36.
37.Murry, J. W. and Hammons, J. O., “Delphi: A Versatile Methodology for Conducting Qualitative Research,” The Review of Higher Education, Vol. 18, No. 4, 1995, pp. 423-436.
38.Ou Yang, Y.P., Shieh, H.M. and Tzeng, G.H., “A VIKOR Technique Based on DEMATEL and ANP for Information Security Risk Control Assessment,” Information Sciences, Vol.232, 2013, pp.81-91.
39.Ozden, U. and Ezgi, A.D., “An Integrated Multi-Objective Decision-Making Process for Multi-Period Lot-Sizing with Supplier Selection,” Omega, Vol. 36, 2008, pp.509-521.
40.Parente, F. and Anderson, P. J., “Delphi Inquiry Systems. In Wright, G. and Ayton, P., (Eds.), Judgmental Forecasting,” New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1987, PP. 129-156.
41.Partovi, F., “An Analytic Model for Locating Facilities Strategically,” Omega, Vol.34, 2006. pp. 41-55.
42.Porter, M. E., “The competitive advateage of nations,” New York: Free Press, 1990.
43.Saaty, T.L., “The Analytic Hierarchy Process,” New York: McGraw-Hill, 1980
44.Saaty, T.L. and Takizawa, M., “Dependence and Independence: From Linear Hierarchies to Nonlinear Networks,” European Journal of Operational Research, Vol.26, 1986, pp.229-237.
45.Saaty, T.L., “Decision Making with Dependence and Feedback: The Analytic Network Process,” Pittsburgh: RWS Publications, 1996.
46.Saaty, T.L., “The Analytic Network Process”, Pittsburgh: RWS Publications, 1996.
47.Schniederjans, M.J. and Wilson, R.L., “Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Goal Programming for Information System Project Selection,” Information and Management, Vol.20, No.5, 1991, pp.333-342.
48.Sarkis, J., “Theory and Methodology: Evaluating Environmentally Conscious Business Practices European,” Journal of Operational Research, Vol.107, No.1, 1998, pp.159-174.
49.Sarkis, J., “A Methodological Framework for Evaluating Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing Programs,” Computers and Industrial Engineering, Vol.36, No.4, 1999, pp. 793-810.
50.Schniederjans, M.J. and Garvin, T., “Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Multi-Objective Programming for the Selection of Cost Drivers in Activity Based Costing,” European Journal of Operational Research, Vol.100, No.1, 1997, pp.72-80.
51.Scott, J.A. and Dunkelberg, W.C., “Competition for small firm banking business: Bank actions versus market structure,” Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol.34, No.11, 2010, pp.2788-2800.
52.Seshaderi, N., Motivala, J., Thesen, A. and Delp, P., “System Tools for Project Planning,” Bloomington, IN: IDI, 1977.
53.Tsai, W.H., Hsu, J.L., Chen, C.H., Lin, W.R. and Chen, S.P., “An integrated approach for selecting corporate social responsibility programs and costs evaluation in the international tourist hotel,” International Journal of Hospitality Management, Vol. 29, 2010, pp.385-396.
54.Wey, W.M. and Wu, K.Y.,“Using ANP Priorities With Goal Programming in Resource Allocation in Transportation,” Mathematical and Computer Modelling, Vol. 46 ,2007, pp. 985–1000.
55.Williamson, O., “Markets and Hierarchies: Analysis and Antitrust Implications,” New York: Free Press, 1975.
56.Wu, C.R., Chang, C.W. and Lin, H.L., “An Organizational Performance Measurement Model Based on AHP Sensitivity Analysis,” International Journal of Business Performance Management, Vol. 9, No.1, 2007, pp. 77–91.
57.Zeki, A. and Rifat, G.O., “Evaluating Machine Tool Alternatives Through Modified TOPSIS and Alpha-Cut Based Fuzzy ANP,” Int.J.Productionomics, Vol.104, 2012, pp. 630–636.

二、中文部分

1.蔡正揚、許政郎，互惠協定與策略聯盟之探討為例，產業科技研究發展管理研討會，民國 81 年。
2.李蘭甫，國際企業論，三民書局，民國 83 年。
3.呂鴻德，企業策略聯盟 Q&A，商週文化，民國 85 年。
4.邱柏松，國際策略聯盟 — 在國內的現況與績效，經濟情勢暨評論，第2卷，第3期，民國 85 年。
5.劉仁龍，企業技術移轉相關法規之研究，國立中興大學企業管理學系未出版碩士論文，民國 88 年。
6.林子敬，技術移轉模式，技術能力與移轉績效關係之研究-以台灣電子資訊廠為例，私立長榮管理學院經營管理研究所碩士論文，民國 89 年。
7.林隆儀，策略聯盟-創造新競爭優勢，經濟情勢暨評論，第5卷，第 4 期，民國 89 年。
8.洪振添，「智慧資產之評價模式」，會計研究月刊，第180 期，民國 89 年。
9.蔡培軒，「建構財富管理銀行組織績效之評選模式：網路層級分析法與平衡計分卡之應用」，元培科技大學經營管理研究所碩士論文，民國97年。
10.海峽兩岸服務貿易協議問答集(Q&A))整體面 http://www.npf.org.tw/post/13/12484
11.經濟部及各相關機關http://www.ecfa.org.tw/ATSImpactAssessment.asp.