臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在本研究中，通過實驗與數值模擬的方式研究在單管噴流火焰燃燒器中的層流預混甲烷/氧化亞氮的燃燒現象與污染特性。基本上，甲烷/氧化亞氮火焰中，氧化亞氮的熱效應和化學效應占主導地位。比較CH4 / N2O 火焰，與假設氧化劑N2O 完全分解為33％O2 和67％N2的甲烷/富氧火焰，當量比為0.8 至1.2 條件下，討論並比較其燃燒特性與火焰結構的差異。 在兩種氧化劑的環境條件（分別為N2O 和富氧條件:33％O2 和67％N2）下檢查火焰外觀，溫度分佈和污染物排放。由於熱效應與化學效應造成在甲烷/氧化亞氮火焰中的溫度提升，以及CO、NOx 濃度的增加；相反地，在富氧火焰中，這些熱效應和化學效應不會提升火焰溫度以及汙染物CO、NOx 濃度。通過火焰溫度測量研究了層流預混火焰的熱效應，並通過廢氣監測系統測量污染物排放特性。在溫度量測部分，本研究是利用Mach-Zehnder 干涉測量（MZI）以獲取瞬時二維的溫度分布，並使用介入式熱電耦量測火焰溫度並驗證MZI實驗結果。

The purpose of this research is to study the laminar premixed methane/nitrous oxide combustion in the single tubular flame burner. Simulation of nitrous oxides flames at the high-temperature oxidation zone and the accompanied
thermal and chemical effect on CH4/N2O and CH4/oxy-enrich flames were carried out. The study of CH4/N2O combustion has been compared to oxyenrich combustion (constituting of 33%O2 and 67%N2 to simulate the full decomposition of N2O ) under the equivalence ratio between 0.8 and 1.2. The
flame appearance, temperature profiles, and pollutant emission were examined under two environments: N2O as oxidant and mixture of 33%O2 and 67%N2 as oxidant. These thermal and chemical effects can induce a hightemperature
zone and cause the increase in CO concentration and NOx
concentration significantly in nitrous oxide flames, whereas in oxy-enrich flames these thermal and chemical effects do not exhibit high temperature and high CO and NOx concentration prominently. The thermal behavior of the
laminar premixed flame was investigated by flame temperature measurement, and the pollutant emission characteristics were measured through flue gas monitoring system. The Mach-Zehnder interferometry (MZI) was
implemented to acquire instantaneous 2D temperature field and validated by the experimental results of thermocouples.

Contents
摘要 ................................................................................................................... I
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. III
CONTENTS ................................................................................................... IV
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... VI
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................... VII
NOMENCLATURE ....................................................................................... IX
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1
1.1 Background ........................................................................................ 1
1.2 Properties of nitrous oxide ................................................................. 6
1.3 Nitrous oxide combustion .................................................................. 8
1.4 Pollution issue of Nitrous oxide ..................................................... 17
1.5 Thermal/Diffusion effect ................................................................. 20
1.6 Motivation ........................................................................................ 24
1.7 Objectives ........................................................................................ 25
CHAPTER II RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ........................................ 26
2.1 Numerical simulation ....................................................................... 26
2.2 Experimental apparatus.................................................................... 28
2.2.1 Temperature measurement .................................................. 31
2.2.1.1 Thermocouples ..................................................... 31
2.2.1.2 Mach Zehnder Interferometer ............................... 32
2.2.2 Pollutant emission measurement ......................................... 34
2.3 Optical Diagnostics .......................................................................... 35
CHAPTER III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ......................................... 44
3.1 Flame configuration of N2O and Oxy-enrich combustion .............. 44
3.2 Pollution emission characteristics ................................................... 49
3.3 Numerical simulation ....................................................................... 53
3.3.1 Flame structure .................................................................... 53
3.3.2 Heat release rate ................................................................... 57
3.3.3 Adiabatic flame temperature ............................................... 58
3.3.4 Laminar burning velocity .................................................... 60
3.3.5 Methane oxidation in nitrous oxide and oxy-enrich
combustion ......................................................................................... 62
3.3.6 Production rate of intermediate species in CH4/N2O and
CH4/oxy-enrich flames ...................................................................... 67
CHAPTER IV INTRUSIVE AND NON-INTRUSIVE MEASUREMENTS
........................................................................................................................ 74
4.1 Flame temperature at axial centerline distribution .......................... 74
4.1.1 Thermocouple measurement................................................ 74
4.1.2 MZI measurement ................................................................ 76
4.2 Temperature field distribution across the flame .............................. 78
4.2.1 Validation ............................................................................ 79
4.2.2 Thermocouple measurement................................................ 81
4.2.3 MZI measurement ................................................................ 84
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS ................................................................. 88
REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 90

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