臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

The Southwestern Taiwan has higher potential seismic risks among the island. In
1906 the Meishan earthquake of magnitude 7.1 caused very severe damages. The
associated Meishan fault was believed extended from Meishan westerly to Hsingang area
for 23 km long. However, only the eastern part of the fault could be traces on the surface.
The western part of the Meishan fault was simply proposed from the observed lineation of
sand blow from the middle of the fault, the Minxong area westerly to the Hsingang area.
The purpose of this paper is hope to prove the extension of this fault by using near surface
P wave and S wave velocities and the seismic reflection images acquired across the
suspicious fault location. Totally, we have conducted 20 seismic velocity survey lines,
and one reference seismic reflection lines. The P and S wave velocities variations were
measured and used to analyze depth of the water table, the elastic modulus, soil porosity
and the safety factor for soil liquefaction assessment. Study results show this technique is
effective within 17 m deep from surface and the soil have high liquefaction potential
around the western part of the Meishan. Yet, in the upper part, some areas have hard soil
and from interpreting seismic reflection data was known a small fault (normal fault in
Chiayi area). Finally, study results indicate that high liquefaction potential areas are the
same as those of sand blow area observed in 1906 but which is more likely dependent on
the formation of the soil around the study area. In addition, the seismic method is efficient
and can be applied to a large area.

Tables of contains
Acknowledgments......................................................................................................i
Abstract .................................................................................................................. ii
Table of contents .................................................................................................... iii
List of figure ............................................................................................................ vi
List of tables............................................................................................................. ix
Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 1
1.1 The research motivation and purpose ................................................................ 1
1.2 Soil liquefaction ................................................................................................ 6
1.2.1 Process of soil liquefaction ....................................................................... 6
1.2.2 Mechanism of soil liquefaction ................................................................ 9
1.2.3 Factor of liquefaction ............................................................................ 10
1.2.4 Condition for soil liquefaction ............................................................... 10
1.2.5 Effect of soil liquefaction ...................................................................... 11
1.3 Meishan fault and Meishan earthquake ........................................................... 12
1.4 Overview research area ................................................................................... 15
1.4.1 Topography area ..................................................................................... 15
1.4.1 Geology of the study area ....................................................................... 16
1.4.2 Hydrological area ................................................................................... 18
1.5 Previous study ................................................................................................ 19
1.6 The content of study ........................................................................................ 19
Chapter 2 Methods of research .............................................................................. 21
2.1 The Process of research .................................................................................. 22
2.2 Design of line and data collection .................................................................... 23
2.3 Seismic data analysis ...................................................................................... 29
2.3.1 Seismic refractive tomography (SRT) ..................................................... 29
2.3.2 Multi-channel active source surface wave velocity analysis (MASW) ..... 34
2.3.3 Groundwater level .................................................................................. 39
2.3.4 Elastic properties of soil ......................................................................... 42
2.4 Assessment of soil liquefaction ....................................................................... 44
2.4.1 Cyclic resistance ratio (CSR) .................................................................. 44
2.4.1.1 Shear stress reduction factor ....................................................... 45
2.4.1.2 The relationship of attenuation ................................................... 47
iv
2.4.2 Cyclic resistance ratio (CRR)................................................................. 48
2.4.2.1 Bayesian updating rule ............................................................... 49
2.4.2.2 Limit state function .................................................................... 50
2.4.3 Assessment safety factor (FS) ................................................................ 51
Chapter 3 The result of data processing ................................................................ 53
3.1 The result in Minxong area ........................................................................... 53
3.1.1 The result of line 1 Minxong area ........................................................... 57
3.1.2 The result of line 2 Minxong area ........................................................... 60
3.1.3 The result of line 3 Minxong area ........................................................... 63
3.1.4 The result of line 4 Minxong area ........................................................... 66
3.1.5 The result of line 5 Minxong area ........................................................... 69
3.1.6 The result of line 6 Minxong area ........................................................... 72
3.1.7 The result of line 7 Minxong area ........................................................... 75
3.1.8 The result of line 14 Minxong area ......................................................... 78
3.1.9 The result of line 15 Minxong area ......................................................... 81
3.1.10 The result of line 16 Minxong area ....................................................... 84
3.2 The result in Xingkang area .......................................................................... 87
3.2.1 The result of line 8 Xingkang area .......................................................... 89
3.2.2 The result of line 9 Xingkang area .......................................................... 92
3.2.3 The result of line 10 Xingkang area ........................................................ 95
3.2.4 The result of line 11 Xingkang area ........................................................ 98
3.2.5 The result of line 12 Xingkang area ...................................................... 101
3.2.6 The result of line 19 Xingkang area ...................................................... 104
3.3 The result in Yuemei area ........................................................................... 107
3.3.1 The result of line 13 Yuemei area ......................................................... 109
3.3.2 The result of line 17Yuemei area .......................................................... 112
3.3.3 The result of line 18 Yuemei area ......................................................... 115
3.3.4 The result of line 20 Yuemei area ......................................................... 118
3.4 The result seismic reflection data ............................................................... 121
Chapter 4 Discussion and conclusion .................................................................. 122
4.1 Discussion..................................................................................................... 122
4.1.1 Velocity profile an effective with depth ...................................................... 122
4.1.2 Groundwater level ...................................................................................... 122
4.1.3 The similarities and differences line area ................................................... 123
4.1.3.a The result of P wave .......................................................................... 123
v
4.1.3.b The result of S wave .......................................................................... 123
4.1.3.c The result of elastic properties............................................................ 123
4.1.4 The assessment potential of soil liquefaction ............................................. 125
4.1.5 The condition soil liquefaction after earthquake ......................................... 125
4.1.6 The extended of fault.................................................................................. 125
4.1.6 The probability of soil liquefaction ............................................................. 126
4.2 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 129
4.3 Future work and outlook ............................................................................... 129
References ......................................................................................................... 130

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