臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
本論文利用溶膠凝膠燃燒合成法製備共摻雜鉺、銩、鐿離子於Y2Ti2O7 奈米粉體，針對不同的最大公因數a摻雜濃度與不同的退火溫度來探討其上轉換螢光特性。
吾人使用溶膠凝膠燃燒合成法製備晶粒大小約為32~124 nm 的共摻雜鉺、銩、鐿離子Y2Ti2O7 奈米粉體( (Er3+, Tm3+, Yb3+)-codoped Y2Ti2O7 ) 奈米粉體，在980 nm 紅外線雷射激發下，研究其粉體於可見光範圍之上轉換發光特性，其發光主峰值分別為488 nm (1G4→3H6) 之藍光、547 nm (4S3/2 → 4I15/2) 之綠光與660 nm (4F9/2 → 4I15/2) 之紅光。
經由光致發光光譜量測結果顯示，隨著最大公因數a的降低和退火溫度的提升，總發光亮度會提升；(Er3+ 0.5%, Tm3+0.5%, Yb3+ 1%) -codoped Y2Ti2O7 於1000 ℃退火時可得夠強之總發光亮度。經由光譜圖可發現紅光與綠光上轉換機制皆為雙光子吸收，藍光上轉換機制為三光子吸收。

Abstrct
The (Er3+, Tm3+, Yb3+)-codoped Y2Ti2O7 nanocrystals were synthesized by the sol-gel method in this work. We were focused on the fluorescent properties of different annealing temperature and different highest common factor a concentrations.
Er3+ &Tm3+& Yb3+ -codoped Y2Ti2O7 nanocrystals with particle size of 32~124 nm were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The green band centered at 547 nm (4S3/2 → 4I15/2) and red band centered at 660 nm (4F9/2 → 4I15/2) visiable emission and blue band centered at 488 nm (1G4→3H6) emission were observed in codoped nanoparticles under the 980 nm laser diode excitation. The total photon intensity were increasing by lower factor a and highest annealing temperature. The sample of (Er3+ 0.5%, Tm3+0.5%, Yb3+ 1%) -codoped Y2Ti2O7 nanocrystals have the best of brightness under 1000 ℃ annealing by photoluminescence spectroscopy measurement. The mechanism of up-converted red light and green light are two-photon excited state absorption, and the blue light is three-photon excited state absorption.

IV 中正大學 e-Thesys(100 學年度)
目錄
摘要…………………………………………………………………………………… I
Abstrct………………………………………………………………………………… II
致謝…………………………………………………………………………………… III
目錄………………………………………………………………………………… IV
表目錄…………………………………………………………………………………. VI
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………….VII
第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………………… 1
1-1前言 ................................................................................................................. 1
1-2研究動機 ......................................................................................................... 2
第二章 文獻回顧與理論基礎……………………………………………………… 3
2-1 發光機制簡介 ................................................................................................ 3
2-1-1 發光原理 ............................................................................................. 3
2-1-2 螢光 (fluorescence) 與磷光 (phosphorescence) .............................. 3
2-1-3 史托克位移 (Stoke shift) ................................................................... 6
2-1-4 反史托克發光 (Anti-Stokes) .............................................................. 7
2-1-5 波拉特選擇律 (LaPorte Rule) ........................................................... 7
2-1-6 自旋選擇率 (Spin selection rule) ....................................................... 8
2-2 螢光材料的分類與應用 ................................................................................ 8
2-2-1螢光材料的分類 .................................................................................. 8
2-2-2 螢光材料的應用 ............................................................................... 11
2-3稀土元素的發光特性................................................................................... 13
2-3-1稀土元素之性質............................................................................... 13
2-3-2稀土離子的電子組態....................................................................... 13
2-3-3 稀土離子的發光機制...................................................................... 13
2-4影響發光行為與效率主要的因素............................................................... 15
2-4-1主體晶格效應(Host effect) ................................................................ 15
2-4-2濃度淬滅效應(Concentration quenching) ......................................... 16
2-4-3熱淬滅(thermal quenching) ............................................................. 16
2-4-4毒化(poisoning) .................................................................................. 17
2-5燒綠石結構介紹 ........................................................................................... 17
2-5-1 Pyrochlore 結構介紹 ......................................................................... 17
2-5-2 Y2Ti2O7 結構介紹 .............................................................................. 18
V 中正大學 e-Thesys(100 學年度)
2-6無機螢光材料之設計 ................................................................................... 19
2-6-1藥劑介紹........................................................................................... 19
2-6-2材料設計選擇................................................................................... 20
2-7 螢光材料製備方法...................................................................................... 22
2-7-1 固態合成法(solid state reaction) ..................................................... 22
2-7-2溶膠凝膠法 (sol-gel)................................................................... 23
2-7-3共同沉澱法 (co-precipitation method)................................... 23
2-7-4 水熱法(Hydrothermal method).................................................... 23
2-8色彩學原理................................................................................................... 25
2-8-1 人眼.................................................................................................. 25
2-8-2三原色說........................................................................................... 26
2-8-3 xy色度座標..................................................................................... 27
2-8-4加法混色........................................................................................... 29
第三章 實驗方法…………………………………………………………………… 44
3-1 實驗藥品 ...................................................................................................... 44
3-2 製程設備 ...................................................................................................... 45
3-3 量測設備 ...................................................................................................... 45
3-3-1 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 (Field-emission Scanning Electron Micriscopy, FE-SEM) ..................................................................................... 45
3-3-2 X光單晶繞射儀 (X-ray Diffractometer，XRD) .............................. 46
3-3-3 光致發光光譜儀 (Photoluminescence spectrometer) .................... 46
3-3-4 螢光生命週期系統 ........................................................................... 46
3-3-5 彩色分析儀 ....................................................................................... 47
3-4實驗步驟 ....................................................................................................... 48
第四章 結果與討論………………………………………………………………… 54
4-1 X 光繞射分析 ............................................................................................... 54
4-2 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡分析 .................................................................. 55
4-3 光致發光光譜分析 ...................................................................................... 56
4-3-1 可見光光譜分析 ............................................................................... 56
4-3-2 發光機制探討 ................................................................................... 58
4-4 螢光生命週期分析 ...................................................................................... 59
4-5混白光研究................................................................................................... 60
第五章 結論與未來展望…………………………………………………………… 87
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………… 90

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