臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　利用聚苯乙烯微球作為犧牲式模板製備多孔性對電極，沈積於全無機金屬氧化物結構上，並將其應用於鈣鈦礦太陽能電池，避免使用有機載子傳輸層並且讓沉積鈣鈦礦作為製程的最後一步，可移除有機載子傳輸層的不穩定性並且可以避免沈積無機載子傳輸層對鈣鈦礦主動層的影響，此元件結構具備基板回收的特性，透過DMF溶劑清洗去除鈣鈦礦後，可以再次沉積新的鈣鈦礦於基板上，重新製成電池，可降低製造成本。
　
　　此篇研究中主要將多孔電極應用於背接觸式電池以及傳統單一片式電池，其元件結構如下FTO/ c-TiO2/SnO2/Al2O3/ NiOx/Au/NiOx /Triple cation PSK，透過熱蒸鍍將鋁、金和鎳等金屬依序沉積在基板上，利用THF溶劑與超音波震盪的方式去除聚苯乙烯球模板形成多孔電極，再進行高溫燒結使金屬氧化，最後沉積鈣鈦礦後即成為電池，元件具有光電轉換效率為1.48%。此研究的電池結構具可回收性、無機金屬氧化物架構以及適合大面積製造等具備商業化量產的潛力。

Monolayer closely-packed polystyrene microspheres (PSS) serve as a sacrificial template for fabrication of porous counter electrodes. An ordered array of pores is created to form an counter electrodes after reducing the microsphere size, deposition of metal-oxide layer and removal of PSS sequentially. The porous counter electrode is deposited onto the inorganic metal-oxide layers to become an all-inorganic metal oxide structure. Such device structure avoids the use of organic carrier transport layers and allows deposition of perovskites as the final step in the process. In this study, porous electrodes are employed in quasi-interdigitated back-contact (QIBC) perovskite solar cells with a structure of TiO2/SnO2/Al2O3/nanoporous (np)-Au:NiOx. After optimizing the porosity and conductivity of metal porous counter electrode, the power conversion efficiency of the device can reach 1.48%. Such device structure has the potential to be commercialized with the advantages of recyclability, inorganic metal oxide structure and large-area manufacturing.

中文摘要 I
Extended Abstract II
誌謝 VIII
目錄 IX
表目錄 XII
圖目錄 XIII
1-1 前言 1
1-2 太陽能電池歷史與發展 2
1-2-1 矽太陽能電池 2
1-2-2 化合物太陽能電池 3
1-2-3 有機太陽能電池 3
1-3 太陽能電池工作情形 6
1-3-1 太陽光光譜與空氣質量 6
1-3-2 電流-電壓特性曲線 8
1-3-3 量子轉換效率 9
1-4 研究目的 11
第二章 文獻回顧 12
2-1 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之發展 12
2-2 單一片式太陽能電池 14
2-3 多孔性對電極應用於太陽能電池 17
第三章 實驗製程與分析儀器原理 29
3-1 實驗藥品 29
3-2 實驗儀器 30
3-3 元件結構 31
3-4 實驗流程 32
3-4-1 元件基板 32
3-4-2 工作電極 32
3-4-3 多孔電極模板 32
3-4-4 多孔電極 33
3-4-5 元件製成 33
3-5 製程儀器 35
3-5-1 旋轉塗佈機 35
3-5-2 真空蒸鍍系統 35
3-5-3 反應式離子蝕刻機(Reactive Ion Etching，RIE) 35
3-6 量測分析儀器 36
3-6-1 粒徑分析儀(Dynamic Light Scattering，DLS) 36
3-6-2 吸收光譜量測(Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy，UV-Vis) 36
3-6-3 掃描式電子顯微鏡與能量分散光譜儀(SEM ＆ EDS) 36
3-6-4 J-V特性曲線量測 38
3-6-5 外部量子轉換效率量測(External Quantum Efficiency，EQE) 38
3-6-6 X光繞射分析(X-Ray Diffraction，XRD) 39
3-6-7 二次離子質譜儀(Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer，SIMS) 39
第四章 實驗結果與討論 41
4-1 聚苯乙烯微球模板分析 41
4-2 多孔氧化鎳/金薄膜分析 44
4-2-1 接觸角分析 44
4-2-2 XRD分析 45
4-2-3 SIMS縱深分析 46
4-3 氧化鋁的絕緣功能影響 47
4-4 單一片式多孔電極結構分析 48
4-5 背接觸式電池分析 52
第五章 結論與未來展望 56
第六章 參考文獻 57

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