臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

背景：人口老化已經成為全球發展中國家的趨勢，高齡化儼然成為各國政府沉重的負擔，因此延緩老化所帶來的各種社會問題即成為所有已發展國家的重要議題。目的：本研究旨在探討苗栗地區65歲以上之高齡者，不同身體質量指數之功能性體適能表現之差異情形。方法：針對苗栗地區966位高齡者，進行相關問卷填寫及功能性體適能檢測，各數值以平均數±標準差表示，以皮爾森積差相關及獨立樣本t檢定進行統計分析比較。研究結果：1.全體之BMI與椅子8英呎繞行、開眼單足立、坐站30秒、抓背、2分鐘原地踏步有相關，正常以下組之BMI與握力、坐站30秒、二頭肌30秒屈舉、椅子8英呎繞行、坐站5次有相關；輕、中度肥胖組之BMI與椅子8英呎繞行、椅子體前彎有相關。2.全體男性之抓背有相關；正常以下組與坐站30秒、2分鐘原地踏步有相關；過重組與坐站30秒、抓背有相關；輕、中度肥胖組之BMI與椅子8英呎繞物有相關。3.全體女性之BMI與開眼單足立、抓背、2分鐘原地踏步、椅子8英呎繞行有相關；正常以下組之BMI與握力、二頭肌30秒屈臂、椅子8英呎繞物、坐站5次有相關；全體女性輕、中度肥胖組之BMI與椅子8英呎繞物有相關。4.全體正常以下組與過重組之抓背有差異；輕、中度肥胖組之開眼單足立、坐站5次、抓背有差異。5.全體男性之輕、中度肥胖組之抓背有差異。6.全體女性之正常以下組、過重組、輕、中度肥胖組於開眼單足立、抓背有差異。7.全體椅子8英呎繞行、握力優於女性；椅子體前彎與抓背優於男性。8正常以下組、過重組、輕、中度肥胖組之握力男性優於女性；椅子體前彎與抓背女性優於男性。結論：1.椅子8英呎繞行統計結果顯示，正常以下組之BMI越低者表現越差；輕、中度肥胖者之BMI越高者，表現越差；椅子體前彎統計結果顯示，輕、中度肥胖組之BMI越高者表現越好；全體男性之握力BMI越高力量越好，全體女性於開眼單足立BMI越高站立時間越短。2.全體不分性別之正常以下組於開眼單足立表現優於輕、中度肥胖組，全體女性之正常以下組於開眼單足立表現優於過重組與輕、中度肥胖組。3.上肢肌力表現男性優於女性，柔軟度表現女性優於男性。建議：BMI過輕與過重將影響上肢與下肢肌力與柔軟度的表現，且BMI過重也與動態平衡和柔軟度有顯著相關，因此建議社區健促課程設計以肌力與柔軟度為主要目標，並以漸進式訓練原則逐步提升高年齡者運動能力的表現，依照本研究結果男性在柔軟度方面表現較差，女性則是在肌力表現較為不理想，因此在運動課程中依中高齡者之性別來設計課表。

Background: The aging of the population has become a trend in developing countries around the world, and is a heavy burden on governments. Therefore, all kinds of social problems brought about by delaying aging have become important issues for all developed countries.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in functional fitness performance of different body mass index (BMI) in elderly people over 65 years old in Miaoli region.Methods: We included 966 elderly people in Miaoli region. Relevant questionnaires were filled out and functional fitness tests were performed. The values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed by Pearson's product difference correlation and independent t test.Results: 1.The overall BMI is associated with lift the chair for 8 miles, open the eyes, stand for 30 seconds, grab the back, and 2 minutes in the same place. The BMI of underweight group is associated with grip strength, stand for 30 seconds, and 30-second flexion of the biceps, lift the chair for 8 miles and sit 5 times. The BMI of the mild to moderate obesity group is associated with lift the chair for 8 miles and the front bend of the chair. 2. The BMI of all males is associated with grab the back. The underweight group is associated with sitting for 30 seconds and 2 minutes in the same place. The BMI of overweight group is associated with sitting for 30 seconds and grab the back. The BMI of the mild to moderate obesity group is associated with lift the chair for 8 miles. 3. The BMI of all females is associated with opening of the eye, grab the back, 2-minute in the same place, and lift the chair for 8 miles. The BMI of underweight group is associated with grip strength, 30-second flexion of the biceps, lift the chair for 8 miles, and sit 5 times. The BMI of mild to moderate obesity group is associated with lift the chair for 8 miles. 4. There was difference in grab the back between the underweight and overweight groups. There was difference in an open the eyes and sit 5 times between the mild and moderate obesity groups. 5. There are differences in the grab the back between the mild and moderate obesity groups of all males. 6. The underweight, overweight, and mild to moderate obesity groups of all females have different differences in the eyes and the grab the back. 7. All groups have better lift the chair for 8 miles and grip than females; the front bend of the chair are better than the males. 8. The underweight, overweight and mild to moderate obesity groups of males were better than the females in the grip strength; the female groups was better than the male groups in the front bend of the chair.Conclusion: 1. The results of the lift the chair for 8 miles showed that the lower BMI correlated with the worse performance in the underweight group; the lower BMI correlated with the worse the performance in the mild to moderate obesity group. The results of the front bend of the chair showed that the higher BMI correlated with the better performance in mild to moderate obesity group. The higher BMI correlated with the better grip strength in male groups. The higher BMI correlated with the lower the open the eyes in females groups. 2. Regardless of gender, all of the underweight groups had better performance in the open eyes than the mild to moderate obesity groups. The underweight groups had better performance in the open eyes than mild to moderate obesity groups. 3. Muscle strength of upper limbs is better for males than for females, and softness is better for females than for males.Suggestion: Underweight and overweight will affect the muscle strength and softness of upper limbs and lower limbs. Overweight is also significantly related to dynamic balance and softness. It is recommended that community health promotion curriculum aims at muscle strength and softness. In addition, progressive training is used to improve athletic performance of aging people gradually. According to the results of this study, males perform poorly in softness, and females perform poorly in muscle strength. Therefore, in the exercise course, the gender of aging people is used to design the schedule accordingly.

指導教授推薦書 I
論文口試審定書 II
誌 謝 III
摘 要 IV
Abstract VI
第一章 緒 論 1
1.研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究目的 3
1.3研究限制 3
1.4名詞操作性定義 4
第二章 文獻探討 5
2.1高齡化社會與在地老化 5
2.2老化與活動能力之關係 10
2.3功能性體適能之重要性及其相關研究 11
2.4肌少症之相關研究 13
2.5高齡者平衡能力與下肢肌力之相關研究 15
2.6文獻總結 17
第三章 研究方法 19
3.1研究流程 19
3.2研究對象 20
3.3實驗檢測工具 20
3.4實施步驟與流程 22
3.5資料處理與分析 23
第四章 結果與討論 24
4.1 基本資料討論 24
4.2不同身體質量指數與各項功能性體適能參數之相關 25
4.3 不同身體質量指數之功能性體適能比較 31
4.4不同性別分組之功能性體適能比較 34
4.5討論 38
第五章 結論與建議 42
參考文獻 43

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