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研究生:張嘉偉
研究生(外文):JHANG,JIA-WEI
論文名稱:以離散元素法探討逆向岩坡之傾覆破壞
論文名稱(外文):A Numerical Study on the Toppling Failure of Anti-dip Rock Slope by Discrete Element Method
指導教授:李宏輝李宏輝引用關係
指導教授(外文):LI,HUNG-HUI
口試委員:趙振宇陳國賢翁孟嘉
口試委員(外文):CHAO, CHEN-YUCHEN, KUO-SHENGWENG,MENG-CHIA
口試日期:2019-05-10
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國防大學理工學院
系所名稱:軍事工程碩士班
學門:軍警國防安全學門
學類:軍事學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2019
畢業學年度:107
語文別:中文
論文頁數:145
中文關鍵詞:逆向坡數值分析UDEC傾覆
外文關鍵詞:anti-dip slopenumerical analysisUDECtoppling
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台灣位處歐亞板塊與菲律賓海板塊之板塊交界,因板塊推擠而隆起,形成山多平地少之地形條件,坡地災害導致國人生命財產的損失屢見不鮮,一般而言,順向坡所引致的坡地災害規模較大,傷害損失亦較嚴重,形成國內坡地災害相關研究多以順向坡為主要,惟就危害性而言,逆向坡的滑動規模雖小,在相同尺度邊坡條件下,失穩區域密度較大、發生次數頻率較高,據自由時報2017年資料顯示,僅2016年期間,蘇花公路零星落石竟高達249起,因此,逆向坡坡地災害亦是不可忽視的研究議題。
為瞭解逆向岩坡傾覆破壞失穩型態發展趨勢,本研究透過Hoek and Bray單塊體傾覆基本理論及逆向岩坡破壞型態之分類,以離散元素分析軟體(UDEC)探討逆向岩坡幾何因子(坡面傾角、層面傾角、塊體尺寸、塊體寬高比例)與節理特性(節理面摩擦角)可能發展傾覆破壞行為模式。
透過材料特性的簡化,以不考慮材料變形行為條件下,僅探討逆向岩坡因幾何因子及節理特性所引致的傾覆破壞行為模式,經由系統性的參數探討,依模擬結果顯示,當逆向岩坡坡面傾角為56.6°時,其破壞型態大多為撓曲傾覆,另坡面傾角為80°時,依岩塊尺寸及寬高比值之差異,其失穩型態又可區分為塊體傾覆及撓曲塊體複合式傾覆破壞,並藉由模擬結果同時歸納可能引致撓曲傾覆、塊體傾覆及撓曲塊體複合式傾覆行為之幾何條件。

Taiwan is located at the junction of the Eurasian plate and the plate of the Philippine Sea Plate. It is bulged by the plate pushing, forming a topographical condition with few mountains and flat land. The loss of life and property caused by sloping land disasters is not uncommon. Generally speaking, the slopes caused by dip slope are common. The scale of the disaster is relatively large, and the damage loss is also serious. The research on slope disasters is mainly based on dip slope. However, in terms of hazard, the sliding scale of anti-dip slope is small, and it is unstable under the same scale slope condition. The regional density is relatively high and the frequency of occurrence is high. According to the Free Time 2017 data, during the 2016 period, there were as many as 249 sporadic rocks in the Suhua Highway. Therefore, the anti-dip slope disaster is also a research topic that cannot be ignored.
In order to understand the development trend of anti-dip rock slope toppling failure, this study explores the anti-dip rock slope (UDEC) by Hoek and Bray monolithic toppling basic theory and anti-dip rock slope damage type classification. The -dip rock slope geometry factor (slope dip, layer dip, block size, the block width to height ratio) and joint characteristics (joint surface friction angle) may develop a toppling failure behavior pattern.
Through the simplification of material properties, the toppling failure behavior pattern caused by geometric factors and joint characteristics of anti-dip rock slope is only discussed under the condition of material deformation behavior. According to the systematic parameters, according to the simulation results, when anti When the slope angle of the -dip rock slope is 56.6°, the failure type is mostly Flexural toppling, and when the slope angle is 80°, the instability type is differentiated according to the difference between the rock block size and the aspect ratio. Block topples or Block-Flexural toppling failure, the geometrical conditions that may lead to Flexural toppling, Block topples, and Block-Flexural toppling behavior is simultaneously aggregated by simulation results.

目錄
誌謝ii
摘要iii
目錄v
表目錄viii
圖目錄x
1.緒論1
1.1前言1
1.2究動機與目的2
1.3研究流程與內容2
1.4研究架構4
2.文獻回顧5
2.1逆向坡破壞之類型與定義5
2.1.1逆向坡之傾覆種類6
2.1.2次要傾覆類型(Secondary Toppling)8
2.2岩坡傾覆破壞理論9
2.2.1單塊體傾覆之基本理論10
2.2.2傾覆破壞機制12
2.3節理與岩體之力學行為14
2.3.1外力作用下之節理面應力組合14
2.3.2節理面之力學行為16
2.4傾覆破壞相關研究19
2.4.1逆向岩坡傾覆破壞機制研究-極限平衡法19
2.4.2岩石邊坡物理模型傾覆破壞之研究-離心機物理模型試驗22
2.4.3利用UDEC探討截理岩體之破壞行為-UDEC數值模擬23
2.5小結35
3.研究方法36
3.1UDEC發展沿革36
3.2UDEC程式理論37
3.3岩體材料行為及組成律38
3.4節理面之力學行為及組成律41
3.5分析模式之選用45
3.6分析流程46
4.數值模型驗證48
4.1單一塊體數值模擬48
4.2多塊體之逆向岩坡數值模擬50
4.3逆向岩坡數值模擬53
4.4參數研析57
4.4.1材料參數分析結果58
4.4.2節理參數分析結果59
4.5小結61
5.逆向岩坡傾覆破壞之模擬分析77
5.1模擬參數之選用77
5.1.1邊界條件77
5.1.2逆向岩坡幾何特性與參數之選定81
5.2逆向岩坡與幾何因子模擬分析84
5.2.1單一尺寸逆向岩坡之幾何因子模擬分析85
5.2.2不同岩塊尺寸條件下之逆向岩坡之幾何因子模擬分析101
5.2.3岩塊比例與逆向岩坡傾覆破壞之探討114
5.2.4小結114
5.3逆向岩坡與摩擦特性模擬分析126
5.3.1節理特性(ϕjd=ϕjb)與逆向岩坡傾覆之探討126
5.3.2節理特性(ϕjd>ϕjb)與逆向岩坡傾覆之探討130
5.3.3節理特性(ϕjd<ϕjb)與逆向岩坡傾覆之探討134
6.結論與建議140
6.1結論140
6.2建議141
參考文獻142
自傳145


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