臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

太極拳源自古代中國文化的武術，並從創始到現今約五百年的發展歷史中，累積出了屬於太極拳的動作理論，其中最重要的觀念就是「鬆」；鬆的概念在太極拳的經典中曾多次被提到，是一種動作中的身體的狀態，然而太極拳的經典是透過歷代太極拳大師記錄下個人主觀的心得與感受而成，缺乏客觀的描述，因此鬆的概念並至今還是呈現眾說紛紜的狀況；其中最為常見的詮釋是鬆就是省力與肌肉減少活化，然而這樣的詮釋方式與先前針對太極拳的科學研究相互矛盾也與研究者個人練習太極拳動作的經驗相佐，因此本研究提出透過科學的儀器與方法來驗證鬆是否與省力和肌肉減少活化有關。本研究以8台紅外線攝影機、2塊測力板、以及體表肌電圖收取太極專家操作太極導引動作垂直升降，以及一般成人操作深蹲動作的運動學、動力學、以及肌電訊號。研究結果發現，太極專家的質心與足底壓力中心的前後間距(COPx – COMx)以及iEMG在各動作時期不但沒有比一般成人小，甚至在某些時期比一般成人大，代表鬆並不能直接以省力或肌肉不用力來解釋，而可能與動作控制與覺察的能力有關。

Tai Chi Chuan, a martial art originated in ancient Chinese culture, had developed its own movement concepts through accumulated experiences of the 500 years Tai Chi Chuan history. “Sung”, the most important idea in the movement concepts of Tai Chi Chuan, represents a specific status of the body during movement, which is related to the feeling of relaxation. However, up to now, there has been no objective interpretation of “Sung” due to the fact that the movement concepts of Tai Chi Chuan was based on personal experiences. The most common interpretation of Sung - labor saving or muscle deactivation, unfortunately, conflicts with previous studies. In order to exam whether that interpreting Sung as labor saving or muscle deactivation is concise or not, we proposed using 2 parameters：the distance between COM and COP in A/P direction and integrated EMG to run the exam. Movement data of Tai Chi master performing Tai Chi squat and normal adult performing deep squat was collected by 8 infrared cameras, 2 force plate, and 8 surface electromyography. The result shown that there is no significant difference between Tai Chi master and normal adult in term of COM/COP error, and Tai Chi have significant higher integrated EMG in RF, VMO, and ES muscle. We concluded that the concept of Sung should not be refer to simply labor saving or muscle deactivation but needed further research.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VII
第壹章 緒論 8
第一節 研究背景 8
第三節研究假設 12
第貳章 文獻回顧 14
第一節 生物力學與動作分析 14
一、 太極拳的起源與發展 15
二、太極拳運動學 17
三、太極拳動力學 18
四、太極拳肌電訊號 19
第二節 深蹲的生物力學特性 20
一、深蹲的基本性質 20
二、影響深蹲表現的因素 21
三、深蹲動作分析研究小結 22
第參章 研究方法 23
第一節 實驗對象 23
第二節 硬體設備 23
一、運動學與動力學 23
二、體表肌電圖 24
第三節 實驗流程 24
第四節 訊號分析 27
一、動作分期 27
二、運動學與動力學訊號以及質心力矩力臂 28
三、平均肌電 29
第五節 統計分析 29
第肆章 研究結果 30
第一節 受試者基本資料 30
第伍章 問題與討論 33
參考文獻 36
附錄一、受試者同意書 40
附錄二、ViconPlig-in Gait全身貼點模型改良版 46
附錄三、體表肌電圖放置位置 49

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