臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，各項資通訊技術已經被應用於發展次世代的智能生活空間，發光二極體燈具由於兼具智能照明與無線光通訊之功能，已經被視為智能生活空間解決方案之一。基於此一趨勢，本研究提出了一個基於可視光訊號的室內定位系統，運用理想的光訊號輻射特性求得參考點與定位點之直線距離，並且使用三邊定位法來獲得定位點在室內環境中的平面座標。於實際的光訊號傳播環境下，本研究進一步發展誤差補償演算法。模擬結果顯示，在定位平面級距100公分的情況下，本研究提出之定位演算法在偵測物固定高度時，最大平面定位誤差不超過1公分；在偵測物變動高度時，其最大平面定位誤差不超過9公分。最後本研究提出高度自動偵測演算法，僅只使用三組發射器，並依據誤差補償演算法的平面定位結果，就能完成偵測物高度的估計。

In recent years, the information and communication technology has been applied to the development of the next generation of smart living space. Due to light-emitting diodes have intelligent lighting fixtures and wireless optical communication property, light-emitting diodes has been regarded as one of the solutions of smart living space. Based on this trend, we propose an indoor positioning system based on visible light signals. Distance between the reference point and the positioning point is obtained by ideal optic signal radiation characteristic, and coordinates of estimation point in the indoor environment plane is acquired by trilateration positioning method. In practical optical signal propagation environment, we further develop the error compensation algorithm. Simulation results be shown, we present positioning algorithm, the maximum positioning error less than 1 cm. Finally, we present automatic height detection positioning algorithm that can efficiently estimate the height of detection object.

中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 v
圖目錄 vi 
一、緒論 1
1.1研究動機與目的 1
1.2研究方法 2
1.3本研究的貢獻 3
1.4論文架構 4
二、定位系統的操作原理 5
2.1三邊定位法 5
2.2根據接收訊號強度進行室內定位 7
三、室內定位演算法 10
3.1推導參考點與定位點之間的距離 10
3.2首次估計偵測物的高度 14
3.3固定高度之平面定位誤差補償演算法 15
3.4變動高度之定位誤差補償演算法 18
3.5高度自動偵測 25
四、室內定位的模擬實驗及結果與討論 26
4.1固定高度之室內平面定位的模擬實驗 27
4.2變動高度之室內平面定位的模擬實驗 34
4.3變動高度之室內高度自動偵測的模擬實驗 42
4.4結果與討論 45
五、結論 46
參考文獻 47

[1]F. Delgado, I. Quintana, J. Rufo, J.A. Rabadan, Crisanto Quintana, and R. Perez-Jimenez, “Design and Implementation of an Ethernet-VLC Interface for Broadcast Transmissions,” Communications Letters, IEEE, vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 1089-1091, Dec. 2010.
[2]T. Komine, S. Haruyama, M. Nakagawa, “Performance Evaluation of Narrowband OFDM on Integrated System of Power Line Communication and Visible Light Wireless Communication,” Wireless Pervasive Computing, 2006 1st International Symposium on, Jan. 2006.
[3]K. Panta, J. Armstrong, “Indoor localisation using white LEDs,” Electronics Letters, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 228-230, Feb. 2012.
[4]S. Jung, S. Hann, and C. Park, “TDOA-Based Optical Wireless Indoor Localization Using LED Ceiling Lamps,” Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 57, no.4, pp. 1592-1597, Nov. 2011.
[5]H. Kim, D. Kim, S. Yang, Y. Son, and S. Han, “Indoor Positioning System Based on Carrier Allocation Visible Light Communication,” Quantum Electronics Conference & Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2011, pp 787-789, Aug. 2011.
[6]H. Kim, D. Kim, S. Yang, Y. Son, and S. Han, “An Indoor Visible Light Communication Positioning System Using a RF Carrier Allocation Technique,” Lightwave Technology, Journal of, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 134-144, Jan. 2013.
[7]Y. Kim, J. Hwang, J. Lee, M. Yoo, “Position Estimation Algorithm Based on Tracking of Received Light Intensity for Indoor Visible Light Communication Systems,” Ubiquitous and Future Networks, 2011 Third International Conference on, pp. 131-134, Jun. 2011.
[8]Y. Tanaka, S. Haruyama, and M. Nakagawa, “Wireless optical transmissions with white colored LED for wireless home links,” PIMRC 2000, The 11th IEEE International Symposium on, pp. 1325-1329, Sep. 2000.
[9]T. Komine and M. Nakagawa, “Integrated system of white LED visible-light communication and power-line communication,” Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 71-79, Feb. 2003.
[10]D. Manolakis, “Efficient solution and performance analysis of 3-D position estimation by trilateration,” Aerospace and Electronic Systems, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 1239-1248, Oct. 1996.
[11]H. Kim, D. Kim, S. Yang, Y. Son, and S. Han, “Mitigation of Inter-Cell Interference Utilizing Carrier Allocation in Visible Light Communication System,” Communications Letters, IEEE, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 526-529, Apr. 2012.
[12]J. Kahn and J. Barry, “Wireless infrared communications,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 85, no. 2, pp. 265-298, Feb. 1997.
[13]G. Thomas, M. Weir, J. Hass, "Thomas' Calculus 12th Edition," Pearson, pp. 532-609, Sep. 2009