|
1. Whiley RA, Beighton D. 1998. Current classification of the oral
streptococci. Oral Microbiol Immunol 13:195-216.
2. Forner L, Larsen T, Kilian M, Holmstrup P. 2006. Incidence of
bacteremia after chewing, tooth brushing and scaling in individuals
with periodontal inflammation. J Clin Periodontol 33:401-407.
3. Mylonakis E, Calderwood SB. 2001. Infective endocarditis in
adults. N Engl J Med 345:1318-1330.
4. Kerrigan SW, Douglas I, Wray A, Heath J, Byrne MF,
Fitzgerald D, Cox D. 2002. A role for glycoprotein Ib in
Streptococcus sanguis-induced platelet aggregation. Blood
100:509-516.
5. Sullam PM, Valone FH, Mills J. 1987. Mechanisms of platelet
aggregation by viridans group streptococci. Infect Immun
55:1743-1750.
6. Gaustad P, Froholm LO. 1984. Genetic transformation in
Streptococcus sanguis. Simultaneous variation of
surface-spreading, competence, hemagglutination and polar
fimbriation in selected strains. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol
Scand B 92:283-289.
7. Barocchi MA, Ries J, Zogaj X, Hemsley C, Albiger B, Kanth A,
Dahlberg S, Fernebro J, Moschioni M, Masignani V, Hultenby
K, Taddei AR, Beiter K, Wartha F, von Euler A, Covacci A,
Holden DW, Normark S, Rappuoli R, Henriques-Normark B.
2006. A pneumococcal pilus influences virulence and host
inflammatory responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:2857-2862.
8. McNab R, Forbes H, Handley PS, Loach DM, Tannock GW,
Jenkinson HF. 1999. Cell wall-anchored CshA polypeptide (259
kilodaltons) in Streptococcus gordonii forms surface fibrils that
confer hydrophobic and adhesive properties. J Bacteriol
181:3087-3095.
9. Stephenson AE, Wu H, Novak J, Tomana M, Mintz K,
Fives-Taylor P. 2002. The Fap1 fimbrial adhesin is a glycoprotein:
antibodies specific for the glycan moiety block the adhesion of
Streptococcus parasanguis in an in vitro tooth model. Mol
Microbiol 43:147-157.
10. Xu P, Alves JM, Kitten T, Brown A, Chen Z, Ozaki LS,
Manque P, Ge X, Serrano MG, Puiu D, Hendricks S, Wang Y,
Chaplin MD, Akan D, Paik S, Peterson DL, Macrina FL, Buck
GA. 2007. Genome of the opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus
sanguinis. J Bacteriol 189:3166-3175.
11. Rodriguez AM, Callahan JE, Fawcett P, Ge X, Xu P, Kitten T.
2011. Physiological and molecular characterization of genetic
competence in Streptococcus sanguinis. Mol Oral Microbiol
26:99-116.
12. Korotkov KV, Sandkvist M, Hol WG. 2012. The type II
secretion system: biogenesis, molecular architecture and
mechanism. Nat Rev Microbiol 10:336-351.
13. Ng SY, Chaban B, Jarrell KF. 2006. Archaeal flagella, bacterial
flagella and type IV pili: a comparison of genes and
posttranslational modifications. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol
11:167-191.
14. Melville S, Craig L. 2013. Type IV pili in Gram-positive bacteria.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 77:323-341.
15. Giltner CL, Nguyen Y, Burrows LL. 2012. Type IV pilin
proteins: versatile molecular modules. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev
76:740-772.
16. Piepenbrink KH, Maldarelli GA, Martinez de la Pena CF,
Dingle TC, Mulvey GL, Lee A, von Rosenvinge E, Armstrong
GD, Donnenberg MS, Sundberg EJ. 2015. Structural and
evolutionary analyses show unique stabilization strategies in the
type IV pili of Clostridium difficile. Structure 23:385-396.
17. Berry JL, Pelicic V. 2015. Exceptionally widespread
nanomachines composed of type IV pilins: the prokaryotic Swiss
Army knives. FEMS Microbiol Rev 39:134-154.
18. Nunn DN, Lory S. 1991. Product of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa
gene pilD is a prepilin leader peptidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
88:3281-3285.
19. Pepe JC, Lory S. 1998. Amino acid substitutions in PilD, a
bifunctional enzyme of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Effect on leader
peptidase and N-methyltransferase activities in vitro and in vivo. J
Biol Chem 273:19120-19129.
20. Strom MS, Nunn D, Lory S. 1991. Multiple roles of the pilus
biogenesis protein PilD: involvement of PilD in excretion of
enzymes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Bacteriol
173:1175-1180.
21. Hegge FT, Hitchen PG, Aas FE, Kristiansen H, Lovold C,
Egge-Jacobsen W, Panico M, Leong WY, Bull V, Virji M,
Morris HR, Dell A, Koomey M. 2004. Unique modifications with
phosphocholine and phosphoethanolamine define alternate
antigenic forms of Neisseria gonorrhoeae type IV pili. Proc Natl
Acad Sci U S A 101:10798-10803.
22. Varga JJ, Nguyen V, O'Brien DK, Rodgers K, Walker RA,
Melville SB. 2006. Type IV pili-dependent gliding motility in the
Gram-positive pathogen Clostridium perfringens and other
Clostridia. Mol Microbiol 62:680-694.
23. Craig L, Pique ME, Tainer JA. 2004. Type IV pilus structure and
bacterial pathogenicity. Nat Rev Microbiol 2:363-378.
24. Kaiser D. 1979. Social gliding is correlated with the presence of
pili in Myxococcus xanthus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
76:5952-5956.
25. Bradley DE. 1980. A function of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO
polar pili: twitching motility. Can J Microbiol 26:146-154.
26. Skerker JM, Berg HC. 2001. Direct observation of extension and
retraction of type IV pili. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:6901-6904.
27. Bonner PJ, Shimkets LJ. 2006. Phospholipid directed motility of
surface-motile bacteria. Mol Microbiol 61:1101-1109.
28. Kearns DB, Robinson J, Shimkets LJ. 2001. Pseudomonas
aeruginosa exhibits directed twitching motility up
phosphatidylethanolamine gradients. J Bacteriol 183:763-767.
29. Burriesci M, Bhaya D. 2008. Tracking phototactic responses and
modeling motility of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803. J
Photochem Photobiol B 91:77-86.
30. Comolli JC, Hauser AR, Waite L, Whitchurch CB, Mattick JS,
Engel JN. 1999. Pseudomonas aeruginosa gene products PilT and
PilU are required for cytotoxicity in vitro and virulence in a mouse
model of acute pneumonia. Infect Immun 67:3625-3630.
31. Han X, Kennan RM, Davies JK, Reddacliff LA, Dhungyel OP,
Whittington RJ, Turnbull L, Whitchurch CB, Rood JI. 2008.
Twitching motility is essential for virulence in Dichelobacter
nodosus. J Bacteriol 190:3323-3335.
32. Barken KB, Pamp SJ, Yang L, Gjermansen M, Bertrand JJ,
Klausen M, Givskov M, Whitchurch CB, Engel JN,
Tolker-Nielsen T. 2008. Roles of type IV pili, flagellum-mediated
motility and extracellular DNA in the formation of mature
multicellular structures in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
Environ Microbiol 10:2331-2343.
33. Klausen M, Aaes-Jorgensen A, Molin S, Tolker-Nielsen T. 2003.
Involvement of bacterial migration in the development of complex
multicellular structures in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Mol
Microbiol 50:61-68.
34. Varga JJ, Therit B, Melville SB. 2008. Type IV pili and the
CcpA protein are needed for maximal biofilm formation by the
gram-positive anaerobic pathogen Clostridium perfringens. Infect
Immun 76:4944-4951.
35. Averhoff B. 2004. DNA transport and natural transformation in
mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria. J Bioenerg Biomembr
36:25-33.
36. Averhoff B. 2009. Shuffling genes around in hot environments: the
unique DNA transporter of Thermus thermophilus. FEMS
Microbiol Rev 33:611-626.
37. Sparling PF. 1966. Genetic transformation of Neisseria
gonorrhoeae to streptomycin resistance. J Bacteriol 92:1364-1371.
38. Carruthers MD, Tracy EN, Dickson AC, Ganser KB, Munson
RS, Jr., Bakaletz LO. 2012. Biological roles of nontypeable
Haemophilus influenzae type IV pilus proteins encoded by the pil
and com operons. J Bacteriol 194:1927-1933.
39. Rumszauer J, Schwarzenlander C, Averhoff B. 2006.
Identification, subcellular localization and functional interactions
of PilMNOWQ and PilA4 involved in transformation competency
and pilus biogenesis in the thermophilic bacterium Thermus
thermophilus HB27. FEBS J 273:3261-3272.
40. Stone BJ, Kwaik YA. 1999. Natural competence for DNA
transformation by Legionella pneumophila and its association with
expression of type IV pili. J Bacteriol 181:1395-1402.
41. Seitz P, Blokesch M. 2013. DNA-uptake machinery of naturally
competent Vibrio cholerae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
110:17987-17992.
42. Paranjpye RN, Strom MS. 2005. A Vibrio vulnificus type IV pilin
contributes to biofilm formation, adherence to epithelial cells, and
virulence. Infect Immun 73:1411-1422.
43. Essex-Lopresti AE, Boddey JA, Thomas R, Smith MP, Hartley
MG, Atkins T, Brown NF, Tsang CH, Peak IR, Hill J, Beacham
IR, Titball RW. 2005. A type IV pilin, PilA, Contributes To
Adherence of Burkholderia pseudomallei and virulence in vivo.
Infect Immun 73:1260-1264.
44. Rudel T, Scheurerpflug I, Meyer TF. 1995. Neisseria PilC
protein identified as type-4 pilus tip-located adhesin. Nature
373:357-359.
45. Morand PC, Drab M, Rajalingam K, Nassif X, Meyer TF. 2009.
Neisseria meningitidis differentially controls host cell motility
through PilC1 and PilC2 components of type IV Pili. PLoS One
4:e6834.
46. Winther-Larsen HC, Hegge FT, Wolfgang M, Hayes SF, van
Putten JP, Koomey M. 2001. Neisseria gonorrhoeae PilV, a type
IV pilus-associated protein essential to human epithelial cell
adherence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:15276-15281.
47. Rodgers K, Arvidson CG, Melville S. 2011. Expression of a
Clostridium perfringens type IV pilin by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
mediates adherence to muscle cells. Infect Immun 79:3096-3105.
48. Segal E, Billyard E, So M, Storzbach S, Meyer TF. 1985. Role
of chromosomal rearrangement in N. gonorrhoeae pilus phase
variation. Cell 40:293-300.
49. Hagblom P, Segal E, Billyard E, So M. 1985. Intragenic
recombination leads to pilus antigenic variation in Neisseria
gonorrhoeae. Nature 315:156-158.
50. Criss AK, Kline KA, Seifert HS. 2005. The frequency and rate of
pilin antigenic variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Mol Microbiol
58:510-519.
51. Cahoon LA, Seifert HS. 2011. Focusing homologous
recombination: pilin antigenic variation in the pathogenic Neisseria.
Mol Microbiol 81:1136-1143.
52. Jen FE, Warren MJ, Schulz BL, Power PM, Swords WE,
Weiser JN, Apicella MA, Edwards JL, Jennings MP. 2013.
Dual pili post-translational modifications synergize to mediate
meningococcal adherence to platelet activating factor receptor on
human airway cells. PLoS Pathog 9:e1003377.
53. Hobbs M, Collie ES, Free PD, Livingston SP, Mattick JS. 1993.
PilS and PilR, a two-component transcriptional regulatory system
controlling expression of type 4 fimbriae in Pseudomonas
aeruginosa. Mol Microbiol 7:669-682.
54. Liles MR, Viswanathan VK, Cianciotto NP. 1998. Identification
and temperature regulation of Legionella pneumophila genes
involved in type IV pilus biogenesis and type II protein secretion.
Infect Immun 66:1776-1782.
55. Bakaletz LO, Baker BD, Jurcisek JA, Harrison A, Novotny LA,
Bookwalter JE, Mungur R, Munson RS, Jr. 2005.
Demonstration of Type IV pilus expression and a twitching
phenotype by Haemophilus influenzae. Infect Immun
73:1635-1643.
56. Ajon M, Frols S, van Wolferen M, Stoecker K, Teichmann D,
Driessen AJ, Grogan DW, Albers SV, Schleper C. 2011.
UV-inducible DNA exchange in hyperthermophilic archaea
mediated by type IV pili. Mol Microbiol 82:807-817.
57. Frols S, Ajon M, Wagner M, Teichmann D, Zolghadr B, Folea
M, Boekema EJ, Driessen AJ, Schleper C, Albers SV. 2008.
UV-inducible cellular aggregation of the hyperthermophilic
archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus is mediated by pili formation. Mol
Microbiol 70:938-952.
58. Mendez M, Huang IH, Ohtani K, Grau R, Shimizu T, Sarker
MR. 2008. Carbon catabolite repression of type IV
pilus-dependent gliding motility in the anaerobic pathogen
Clostridium perfringens. J Bacteriol 190:48-60.
59. Henkin TM. 1996. The role of CcpA transcriptional regulator in
carbon metabolism in Bacillus subtilis. FEMS Microbiol Lett
135:9-15.
60. Titgemeyer F, Hillen W. 2002. Global control of sugar
metabolism: a gram-positive solution. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
82:59-71.
61. Deutscher J, Kuster E, Bergstedt U, Charrier V, Hillen W.
1995. Protein kinase-dependent HPr/CcpA interaction links
glycolytic activity to carbon catabolite repression in gram-positive
bacteria. Mol Microbiol 15:1049-1053.
62. Weickert MJ, Chambliss GH. 1990. Site-directed mutagenesis of
a catabolite repression operator sequence in Bacillus subtilis. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A 87:6238-6242.
63. Lau PC, Sung CK, Lee JH, Morrison DA, Cvitkovitch DG.
2002. PCR ligation mutagenesis in transformable streptococci:
application and efficiency. J Microbiol Methods 49:193-205.
64. Paik S, Senty L, Das S, Noe JC, Munro CL, Kitten T. 2005.
Identification of virulence determinants for endocarditis in
Streptococcus sanguinis by signature-tagged mutagenesis. Infect
Immun 73:6064-6074.
65. Kenney TJ, Moran CP, Jr. 1987. Organization and regulation of
an operon that encodes a sporulation-essential sigma factor in
Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol 169:3329-3339.
66. Shaw WV. 1975. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase from
chloramphenicol-resistant bacteria. Methods Enzymol 43:737-755.
67. Towbin H, Staehelin T, Gordon J. 1979. Electrophoretic transfer
of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets:
procedure and some applications. Biotechnology 24:145-149.
68. Shevchenko A, Tomas H, Havlis J, Olsen JV, Mann M. 2006.
In-gel digestion for mass spectrometric characterization of proteins
and proteomes. Nat Protoc 1:2856-2860.
69. Paredes-Sabja D, Cofre-Araneda G, Brito-Silva C,
Pizarro-Guajardo M, Sarker MR. 2012. Clostridium difficile
spore-macrophage interactions: spore survival. PLoS One
7:e43635.
70. Cai J, Tong H, Qi F, Dong X. 2012. CcpA-dependent
carbohydrate catabolite repression regulates galactose metabolism
in Streptococcus oligofermentans. J Bacteriol 194:3824-3832.
71. Ishii H, Tanaka T, Ogura M. 2013. The Bacillus subtilis response
regulator gene degU is positively regulated by CcpA and by
catabolite-repressed synthesis of ClpC. J Bacteriol 195:193-201.
72. Kelley LA, Sternberg MJ. 2009. Protein structure prediction on
the Web: a case study using the Phyre server. Nat Protoc
4:363-371.
73. Kelly NM, Kluftinger JL, Pasloske BL, Paranchych W,
Hancock RE. 1989. Pseudomonas aeruginosa pili as ligands for
nonopsonic phagocytosis by fibronectin-stimulated macrophages.
Infect Immun 57:3841-3845.
74. Fyfe JA, Davies JK. 1998. An AT-rich tract containing an
integration host factor-binding domain and two UP-like elements
enhances transcription from the pilEp1 promoter of Neisseria
gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol 180:2152-2159.
75. Boekema BK, Van Putten JP, Stockhofe-Zurwieden N, Smith
HE. 2004. Host cell contact-induced transcription of the type IV
fimbria gene cluster of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Infect
Immun 72:691-700.
76. Gurung I, Spielman I, Davies MR, Lala R, Gaustad P, Biais N,
Pelicic V. 2015. Functional analysis of an unusual type IV pilus in
the Gram-positive Streptococcus sanguinis. Mol Microbiol.
77. Graupner S, Wackernagel W. 2001. Pseudomonas stutzeri has
two closely related pilA genes (Type IV pilus structural protein)
with opposite influences on natural genetic transformation. J
Bacteriol 183:2359-2366.
78. Coureuil M, Join-Lambert O, Lecuyer H, Bourdoulous S,
Marullo S, Nassif X. 2013. Pathogenesis of meningococcemia.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 3.
79. Arlehamn CS, Evans TJ. 2011. Pseudomonas aeruginosa pilin
activates the inflammasome. Cell Microbiol 13:388-401.
80. Kilian M, MIKKELSEN L, HENRICHSEN J. 1989. Taxonomic
study of viridans streptococci: description of Streptococcus
gordonii sp. nov. and emended descriptions of Streptococcus
sanguis (White and Niven 1946), Streptococcus oralis (Bridge and
Sneath 1982), and Streptococcus mitis (Andrewes and Horder
1906). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 39:471-484.
81. TY t. 2013. Characterization and functional analysis of the type IV
pili gene cluster in Streptococcus sanguinis SK36.
82. YC C. 2011. Characterization of the Type IV pili gene cluster
Streptococcus sanguinis SK36.
|