臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣本土氣候條件下醫療室內空間大多氣密性高，致使換氣效率不足。本研究以台灣南部某大型醫療機構為研究探討對象，優先進行院區內物理環境因子現場儀器連續性檢測，量測項目包括CO、CO2、溫度、濕度、甲醛、TVOC、臭氧等，以釐清院內空氣品質不佳的區域及其主因。研究證實：台灣醫療診間中CO2及甲醛濃度超標問題嚴重，其直接原因為空調設備性能不佳，而智慧化管理模型及系統的建置能有效地提升醫療診間室內空氣品質與環境的改善。
本研究選定院內甲醛濃度超標之區域，利用柳澤甲醛感測器以確實檢測出室內甲醛污染源頭為室內裝修材。本研究同時於室內甲醛濃度超標之區域進行電漿除醛測試，以確認電漿機是否可達除醛效果。為精確探討如何運用機械通風搭配空調混合通風方式，進行院區內綜合效益評估及提供改善策略，本研究以足尺實驗室排定6組智慧型混合通風系統，利用PLC連動系統設定遠端偵測與連動通風扇與電漿機，降低室內過高之甲醛與二氧化碳濃度，並針對甲醛濃度、CO2濃度、空氣清淨效果進行對照分析，探討不同混合式通風模擬下室內污染物CO2及甲醛濃度調控與變化，進而尋求最佳化設定。
本研究具體成果結論如下：
1.由台灣南部某大型醫療院所定檢與巡檢結果可知：多處二氧化碳(CO2)濃度與甲醛(HCHO)濃度超標嚴重、局部細菌濃度超標、TVOC濃度則無超標。依據智慧型混合通風系統證實：適當引入外氣可有效控制室內CO2濃度避免超出法定標準(1000ppm)，但對於室內建材所揮發的HCHO濃度並無明顯清除效果，須適當配合使用電漿機方可有效清除室內HCHO濃度。
2.本研究使用「甲醛感測器網絡實驗室量測法」，確立電漿除醛機之除醛效果受「空間死域現象」與「設備除醛時間」之影響。
3.本研究推導出健康係數HF==[1-(∑(∆C×t) )/(X×T)]×[1-(∑(∆H×t) )/(Y×T)] 可將實驗數據換算為室內空氣清淨度，其數值越接近1代表該空間中空氣清淨度越佳。
4.本研究以智慧型混合通風系統採PLC程式化控制通風扇及電漿機開關以清除CO2及HCHO濃度，其結果顯示：Type 6(CO2+HCHO B組)條件設定HF=0.9375，相較於Type 5(CO2+HCHO A組) HF=0.9192，對於空氣有較佳清淨效果。
5.本研究建構智慧型混合通風系統以有效控制空氣清淨度，藉由健康係數(HF)更可以進一步預測室內空氣品質，研究結果可作為設計台灣醫療診間室內空氣品質改善效能的參考依據。

Medical spaces in Taiwan often encounter the problem of excessive CO2 and formaldehyde (HCHO) concentrations engendered by poor air conditioning. This problem can be addressed by establishing intelligent management models and improving the medical environment. Accordingly, this study developed an intelligent control mixed-mode ventilation system for monitoring and managing indoor air quality. This study was conducted in a large medical institution in southern Taiwan, where on-site inspections of the physical environment were performed to identify areas affected by poor indoor air quality and determine the factors contributing to such problems. Areas with excessive HCHO concentrations were examined using Yanagisawa sensors to determine the sources of indoor HCHO pollution; the effectiveness of a plasma system in removing HCHO was also tested. The intelligent control mixed-mode ventilation system was modulated into 6 systems. These systems were applied in a full-scale laboratory and were connected with remote sensors, ventilation fans, and the plasma system controlled by a programmable logic controller in order to reduce the excessive indoor CO2 and HCHO concentrations. The HCHO concentration control, CO2 concentration control, and air purification effects of these systems were subsequently compared. Health factors were then derived to determine the optimized air purity.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 V
誌謝 IX
目錄 XI
圖目錄 XIII
表目錄 XV
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-1-1 醫療院所室內空氣品質概況 1
1-1-2 空調系統與院內空氣品質之關聯性 2
1-2 研究目的 2
1-3 研究範圍與步驟 3
1-4 研究流程與架構 4
第二章 文獻回顧與相關理論 5
2-1 醫院室內空氣污染源之定義、種類及來源 5
2-2 國內外空氣品質控管與研究 8
2-2-1國內外空氣品質政策與推行制度 8
2-2-2醫療院所空氣品質研究方法 9
2-3 國內外醫療空間空氣品質現況問題 13
2-4 小結 14
第三章 研究方法 15
3-1 台灣醫療診間室內空氣品質檢測法 15
3-1-1定檢及巡檢方式 15
3-1-2甲醛檢測儀 28
3-1-3柳澤甲醛感測器 28
3-1-4電漿技術於空氣污染控制 28
3-2 甲醛感測器實驗室網絡量測法 29
3-3 智慧型混合通風系統改善實驗計畫 32
3-3-1實驗場域及實驗設備 32
3-3-2 PLC(Programmable Logic Controller) 連動系統設定 34
3-3-3智慧型混合通風系統設定 36
3-4 小結 38
第四章 台灣醫療空間室內空氣品質檢測結果與討論 39
4-1定檢與巡檢結果討論 39
4-2柳澤甲醛感測器量測結果與討論 41
4-3電漿技術運用於空氣污染控制結果與討論 42
4-4甲醛感測器網絡實驗室量測結果與討論 44
4-5小結 48
第五章 智慧型混合通風系統改善效能結果與討論 49
5-1 空氣品質是否達到降低CO2/HCHO之效能表現 49
5-2以「健康係數」(HEALTH FACTOR, HF)評估空氣清淨度 52
5-3小結 54
第六章 結論與建議 55
6-1具體結論 55
6-2後續建議 56
參考文獻 57
附錄一、南部某醫院總院巡檢數據 63
附錄二、智慧型混合通風系統原始實測數據 93

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