臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

染料光敏化太陽電池 (dye-sensitized solar cell, DSSC)是近年頗具開發應用潛力的太陽電池，有別於目前市面矽基多晶/薄膜太陽電池。染料光敏化太陽電池的製作原理和技術，係結合奈米二氧化鈦(TiO2)的光電半導體科技、染料科學以及光觸媒等跨領域多元科技的整合。在此，本實驗是以奈米氧化鋅(ZnO)基材為主的染料光敏化太陽電池，有別於傳統的以TiO2為主的電化學太陽電池。
　　本論文是以未添加以及已添加氧化鋅(ZnO)基材為主的薄膜工作電極，添加材 料以氧化鉛(PbO)為主的。未添加以及已添加PbO之 ZnO薄膜工作電極已成功地製作完成，並使用於製作染料光敏化太陽能電池元件之光陽電極(photo-anode electrode)，進而探討添加不同含量PbO之ZnO薄膜光陽電極對染料光敏化太陽能電池元件之光電特性的影響。
　 實驗研究結果顯示，當PbO添加量依序地漸增由0.0、1.0、3.0、5.0、7.0、9.0 wt％，其光伏特的特性都產生不同程度的變化。添加1.0 wt%氧化鉛之染敏太陽能電池元件，其光電能量轉換效率值為0.65%；其次，添加3.0 wt%氧化鉛之染敏太陽能電池元件，其光電能量轉換效率為0.59%，兩者相比較於未添加染敏太陽能電池元件(轉換效率0.51%)，適量添加的元件所表現的轉換效率是良好的。接著，再由結果可得知，所添加PbO之ZnO薄膜光陽電極對染料光敏化太陽能電池光電特性的影響是有明顯的變化效應，此一效應可能起因於所添加PbO在ZnO晶格中，形成不同類型的缺陷，而此些缺陷將導致光衍生的載子在傳輸過程中被捕獲而消失，進而使其光電能量轉換效率產生相對性變化。


關鍵字: 氧化鉛、氧化鋅、染料光敏化太陽能電池、短路電流密度、短路電流、開路電壓、填充因子、光電能量轉換效率、並聯電阻、串聯電阻

The dye-sensitized solar cells are potential solar cells, which differ to Si-based and Thin-film solar cells. This kind of solar cell is fabricated by nanocrystalline TiO2 integrating with technologies of optoelectronic semiconductor, dye materials and photocatalyte. Here, this study is based on nanocrystalline ZnO dye-sensitized solar cells, not conventional TiO2-based electrochemical solar cells.
In this study, the dye-sensitized solar cells with unadded and PbO-added ZnO working electrodes have been successfully fabricated and assembled into the photo-electro-chemical devices, and furthermore investigated the effect of various addition amount of PbO in ZnO thin-film working electrodes on optoelectronic characterization of the dye-sensitized solar cells.
The experimental results obviously exhibit that the variation in the photovolatic characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cells with the addition amount of PbO from 0.0 to 9.0 wt% in ZnO. The best energy conversion effeciciency of 0.65% was acquired for the DSSC with 1.0 wt% PbO-ZnO working electrode, while the energy conversion effeciciency of 0.59% was measured for the DSSC with 3.0 wt% PbO-ZnO electrode. Comparing with the DSSC with unadded ZnO electrode, the appropriate addition amount of PbO with 1.0 and 3.0 wt% can improve the photovolatic characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cells, especially in energy conversion effeciciency.
Besides, the variation in the photovolatic characteristics of DSSCs may be due to the formation of defects in the lattice of ZnO and lead to the annihilation of photo-excited carriers which were captured by defects during transporation, and the photoelectric energy conversion efficiency is relatively altered.

Keywords: PbO, ZnO, dye sensitized solar cells, short-circuit current density, short-circuit current, open-circuit volatge, fill factor, optoleectronic energy conversion efficiency, series resisatnce, shunt resistance


　　According to the experimental results, the filling coefficient of dye - sensitized solar cells decreases from 29.29% to 27.99%, when the doping amount of PbO is from 0.0 to 9.0 wt%. Therefore, the dye-sensitized solar cells with PbO-doped ZnO is a negative effect. This effect may be attributed to the formation of defects in the lattice of ZnO The derived carrier is captured and lost during transmission, and the photoelectric energy conversion efficiency is relatively reduced.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 IX
第一章緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2研究動機及論文架構 3
第二章基本原理及文獻回顧 4
2.1 光電效應 4
2.1.1 光伏特效應 4
2.2 太陽能電池的等效電路 6
2.3 太陽能電池的光電特性參數 7
2.3.1 I-V特性曲線 7
2.3.2開路電壓 8
2.3.3短路電流 10
2.3.4填充因子 11
2.3.5光電能量轉換效率 11
2.4 染料光敏化太陽能電池結構 13
2.5 工作原理 15
2.6 工作電極與相關材料介紹 17
2.6.1氧化鋅(ZnO)基本特性 18
2.6.2 氧化鉛(PbO)基本特性 20
2.6.3 透明導電基板 21
2.6.4 染料(光敏化劑) 22
2.6.5 電解質 24
2.6.5.1 電解質的組成 24
2.6.5.2 電解質的種類 24
2.6.6 對向電極(觸媒電極) 26
2.6.6.1 對向電極基本作用 26
2.6.6.2 對向電極製備方法 26
第三章 實驗方法與實驗設備 28
3.1 工作電極製備方法 28
3.2 染料製備方法 31
3.3 對向電極製備與組合 31
3.4 染料光敏化電池封裝組合及量測方法 33
3.5實驗量測儀器 34
3.5.1 X 光繞射分析 34
3.5.2 掃描式電子顯微鏡 36
3.5.3 太陽能模擬器 39
第四章 結果與討論 40
4.1 添加PbO在ZnO薄膜之 XRD 分析 40
4.2 SEM 表面形貌分析結果 42
4.3 太陽能模擬器I-V數據 45
4.3.1 短路電流密度-電壓(Jsc-V)特性曲線圖 46
4.3.2 短路電流(Isc)-PbO添加量關係之分析……………… ………..48
4.3.3 短路電流密度(Jsc)-PbO添加量關係之分析..……..…………………49
4.3.4 填充因子(FF)-PbO添加量關係之分析………….…………………...50
4.3.5 光電轉化效率(Eff)-PbO添加量關係之分析………………………...51
4.3.6 開路電壓(Voc)-PbO添加量關係之分析……………………………..52
4.3.7 並聯電阻(Rsh)-PbO添加量關係之分析…………………...…………53
4.3.8串聯電阻(Rs)-PbO添加量關係之分析………….……..………….......54
第五章結論…………………………………………………………………………….56
參考文獻…….. ……57

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