臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在無線通訊系統中，將帶通濾波器及天線整合成同時具有濾波以及輻射功能的單一元件並且有效縮小元件所占用的電路面積，即稱為濾波天線。由於目前文獻上濾波天線的設計方式是將天線等效為濾波器的最後一階共振器來達到縮小電路面積之效果，然而這種設計方式需要複雜的數學運算以及準確的模型分析，在實現多頻帶濾波天線上是非常困難的，尤其是寬頻，所以大部分的濾波天線文獻都是採用單頻的設計。三頻帶以上的濾波天線目前還沒有出現在文獻上，使得本論文具有顯著之創新價值。
本論文提出不同於以往濾波天線的設計方法，並設計出一個操作在 2.45 / 3.5 / 5.5 GHz的具高頻寬之微小化三頻帶濾波天線，為了達到三頻帶濾波天線，論文首先以步階式阻抗共振器以及均勻式阻抗共振器來實現三頻帶通濾波器，再來利用U型結構的設計來達到能量轉向並且能與天線整合，而天線的部分則是採用寬槽孔叉型天線，在不增額外匹配電路面積的情況下透過在濾波器地面挖槽而不影響濾波器響應的特點，成功的將天線及濾波器整合成單一元件。此三頻帶濾波天線大小僅 33 × 23 mm2，本天線的設計細節及實驗結果在論文中皆有詳細討論。

Filtering antenna is a single component which integrated bandpass filter and antenna in one module to achieve miniaturization and improve performance of microwave front ends. Most of the filtering antenna literatures operate in single band because the method they use is too difficult to design in multiband, especially in wideband. The integration approach they use is to substitute the last resonator and the load impedance of the bandpass filter with an antenna. As there is no literature about triple-band filtering antenna, it is a good topic for worthy discussion.
A novel compact triple-band filtering antenna operated at 2.45 / 3.5 / 5.5 GHz with wide bandwidth is proposed in this thesis. We use a different kind of method to design multiband filtering antenna. In order to achieve triple-band filtering antenna, we need to design triple-band bandpass filter first. The proposed triple-band bandpass filter is composed of stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) and uniform-impedance resonator (UIR). Second, we changed the energy direction by using inverted-U shape structure for integrating antenna. Using wide slot fork-shape antenna as our radiator is the key point of this triple-band filtering antenna. This filtering antenna is realized by 33 × 23 mm2. The design of the filtering antenna and the experiment result will be given and discussed in detail in the thesis.

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 V
表目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 相關文獻 2
1.2.1 方形開迴路濾波天線 2
1.2.2 平行耦合濾波天線 3
1.2.3 以孔徑式耦合設計雙頻濾波天線 4
1.2.4 雙頻濾波微帶天線 5
1.3 論文架構 6
第二章 三頻帶通濾波器之設計 7
2.1 均勻式阻抗共振器介紹(uniform impedance resonator) 7
2.2 步階式阻抗共振器原理介紹(stepped impedance resonator) 9
2.3 三頻帶通濾波器設計 12
2.3.1 步階式阻抗共振器設計 12
2.3.2 均勻阻抗共振器及Source-Load Coupling設計 16
2.3.3 三頻帶通濾波器之模擬與量測結果 19
2.4 濾波器與天線整合之設計空間探討 22
第三章 寬頻天線設計 24
3.1 設計概念 24
3.2 天線相關文獻探討 24
3.2.1超寬頻平面單極天線加入開迴路共振器 24
3.2.2 多頻帶槽孔天線 26
3.3 寬頻天線設計 27
第四章 三頻帶濾波天線之整合設計 39
4.1 三頻帶通濾波器與寬頻天線之整合概念 39
4.2濾波器能量轉向設計 40
4.3三頻帶濾波天線及其之間的匹配 42
4.4三頻帶濾波天線模擬與量測結果 47
第五章 結論 55
參考文獻 56
圖目錄
圖1.1 方形開迴路共振濾波器及濾波天線 2
圖1.2 平行耦合濾波天線和其等效電路圖 3
圖1.3 孔徑式耦合之雙頻濾波微帶天線 4
圖1.4 雙頻濾波微帶天線 5
圖2.1 二分之一波長開路傳輸線共振器及其等效電路 8
圖2.2 二分之一波長開路均勻阻抗共振器 8
圖2.3 步階式阻抗共振器基本架構圖 9
圖2.4 步階式阻抗共振器之等效傳輸線模型 11
圖2.5 諧振頻率比隨阻抗比與電氣長度比之變化曲線圖 11
圖2.6 三頻帶通濾波器結構圖 12
圖2.7 中間接地之步階式阻抗共振器 13
圖2.8 奇模與偶模之傳輸線等效電路 14
圖2.9 諧振頻率比隨電氣長度比之變化曲線圖 14
圖2.10 利用弱耦合測試中間接地之步階式阻抗共振器 15
圖2.11 弱耦合之步階式阻抗共振器頻率響應圖 15
圖2.12 均勻阻抗共振器及source-load coupling之結構圖 17
圖2.13 隨著Ld長度變化之S11參數曲線圖 17
圖2.14 隨著La長度變化之S11參數曲線圖 18
圖2.15 模擬三頻帶通濾波器之S參數曲線圖 18
圖2.16 三頻帶通濾波器最終結構圖 19
圖2.17 三頻帶通濾波器實作圖 20
圖2.18 三頻帶通濾波器模擬與量測之S參數曲線圖 21
圖2.19 將中間處接地面完全挖空之結構圖 22
圖2.20 電流共振路徑圖 23
圖2.21 有/無中間挖空之濾波器S11曲線圖 23
圖3.1 超寬頻平面式單極天線結構圖 25
圖3.2 加入共振器前後之反射損耗曲線圖 25
圖3.3 多頻帶槽孔天線結構圖 26
圖3.4 多頻帶槽孔天線之S11曲線圖 26
圖3.5 寬頻槽孔叉型天線結構圖 27
圖3.6 寬頻槽孔叉型天線S11曲線圖 28
圖3.7 有無使用FR4之S11曲線圖 29
圖3.8 隨著Wg長度變化之S11參數曲線圖 30
圖3.9 隨著Wr長度變化之Z參數曲線圖 31
圖3.10 隨著Lr1長度變化之Z參數曲線圖 32
圖3.11 有無使用Lr3 stub之S11曲線圖 33
圖3.12 寬頻天線於低頻操作之輻射場型@ 2.43 GHz 35
圖3.13 寬頻天線於高頻操作之輻射場型@ 3.5 GHz 36
圖3.14 寬頻天線於高頻操作之輻射場型@ 5.5 GHz 38
圖4.1 濾波器能量轉向之U型結構圖 40
圖4.2 U型結構隨著Lb長度變化之S11參數曲線圖 41
圖4.3 三頻帶濾波天線結構圖 42
圖4.4 三頻帶濾波天線之S11參數曲線圖 43
圖4.5 濾波天線匹配架構 44
圖4.6 隨著Wss寬度變化之S11參數曲線圖 45
圖4.7 有無taper架構之S11參數曲線圖 45
圖4.8 有無step架構之S11參數曲線圖 46
圖4.9 三頻帶濾波天線實作圖 48
圖4.10 三頻帶濾波天線模擬與量測之S11參數曲線圖 48
圖4.11 三頻帶濾波天線模擬與量測之最大增益曲線圖 49
圖4.12 三頻帶濾波天線量測效率曲線圖 49
圖4.13 三頻帶濾波天線於低頻操作之輻射場型@ 2.45 GHz 51
圖4.14 三頻帶濾波天線於中頻操作之輻射場型@ 3.5 GHz 52
圖4.15 三頻帶濾波天線於高頻操作之輻射場型@ 5.5 GHz 54


 
表目錄
表2.1 三頻帶通濾波器設計參數表 19
表3.1 寬頻槽孔天線設計參數表 27
表4.1 三頻帶濾波天線設計參數表 42

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