臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究分為兩部分，第一部分為本實驗延續過去實驗成果使用製程放大的40 wt%剪切增稠流體浸漬於Kevlar 纖維中製備複合材料試片進行彈道測試。並以製程放大40 wt%剪切增稠流體經滾軋機製備成STF/Kevlar 複合材料，進行彈道測試(空氣槍)、落重刀插測試。由研究結果顯示放大製程流體浸漬於四層Kevlar K29 能達到和原製程一樣的防彈效果，加入STF 對子彈的能量吸收效果約提升11%；而兩層Kevlar K129 浸漬STF 效果更明顯，子彈能量消散提升約31%。以放大製程40 wt%剪切增稠流體和滾軋機所製成之4 層STF/Kevlar 複合材料經彈道測試(空氣槍)、抗刀插測試結果顯示彈道測試能達到與浸漬製程的防彈效果；抗刀插測試結果比浸漬製程來的更好。
第二部分為以製程放大40 wt%剪切增稠流體經滾軋製程製備20 層的STF/Kevlar 複合材料並製備成軟性鎧甲和30 層Kevlar 比較，進行彈道測試(實彈)、落塔刀插測試、撓曲度及厚度量測。結果顯示20 層的STF/Kevlar 複材和30層Kevlar 為同為NIJ 0101.04-II 防護等級，但20 層的STF/Kevlar 複材的厚度僅30 層Kevlar 的70%，20 層的樣品撓曲程度也較佳。落塔測試結果顯示以NIJ 0115.00 之S1 刀具衝擊靶材，20 層的STF/Kevlar 複材之抗刀插能力略優於30 層Kevlar。防彈性能的結果顯示兩者的防彈性能也相似，因此添加STF 可以讓複合材料變得更輕，更有可撓性，但不改變其防護性能。

This study reports a “scale up process” of shear thickening fluid (STF). The 40 wt% STF / Kevlar composite was manufactured by two different process. One is impregnating Kevlar fabrics with STF. The other method uses “mangle machine” padding the STF into Kevlar fabrics. The air gun impact test result of the impregnating method showed that STF impregnating with 2 layers Kevlar K129 can significantly increase EDP by 31%. The air gun impact test results of the “mangle machine” method prepared composite is similar with the sample prepared by the impregnating method. However, stab test results showed that sample prepared by the mangle method showed a better resistance than the sample prepared by the impregnating method.
The ballistic impact, drop tower, and flexibility tests were conducted. To determine the performance of 30 layers Kevlar without coating STF and the 20 layers STF/Kevlar coated with STF and made by the “mangle machine” method. The result of ballistic impact tests showed both 20 layers STF/Kevlar and 30 layers Kevlar were of the same protection level. They both meet the requirement of NIJ 0101.04-II protection standard. The thickness of 20 layers STF/Kevlar composites were 70% of 30 layers Kevlar. The flexibility tests showed that 20 layers STF/Kevlar composites possesses better flexibility than 30 layers Kevlar. The drop tower test indicated that the 20 layers STF/Kevlar showed similar protective effect as 30 layers Kevlar. The ballistic impact test also showed similar results. Adding STF made the composites lighter and more flexible than conventional Kevlar.

論文提要內容 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 相關理論與文獻回顧 3
2.1 剪切增稠流體(Shear thickening fluids, STF) 3
2.1.1 剪切增稠流體介紹 3
2.1.2 剪切增稠流體理論 4
2.1.3 影響剪切增稠流體的因素 7
2.2 高性能纖維(High performance fiber) 12
2.2.1 高性能纖維簡介 12
2.2.2 Kevlar 纖維 14
2.2.3 其他防彈纖維 17
2.3 剪切增稠流體/纖維布複合材料 19
2.3.1 剪切增稠流體/高性能纖維應用 19
2.3.2 影響剪切增稠流體/纖維複合材料性能的因素 21
2.4 Fumed silica 簡介 25
2.5 複合材料測試原理與文獻回顧 27
2.5.1 彈道測試 27
2.5.2 落塔測試 (抗穿刺測試) 32
第三章 實驗方法 38
3.1 實驗藥品 38
3.2 實驗儀器 43
3.3 原製程剪切增稠流體 47
3.3.1 原製程剪切增稠流體實驗流程圖 47
3.3.2 原製程剪切增稠流體製備 47
3.3.3 剪切增稠流體/Kevlar 複材製備(浸漬式) 48
3.4 製程放大剪切增稠流體 49
3.4.1 製程放大剪切增稠流體實驗流程圖 49
3.4.2 製程放大實驗步驟 49
3.4.3 製程放大流體/Kevlar 複材製備 50
3.5 軟性鎧甲組件開發及評估 52
3.5.1 軟性鎧甲組件複合材料製備 52
3.5.2 軟性鎧甲組件開發 53
3.6 測試方式 54
3.6.1 熱重分析儀 54
3.6.2 流變測試 54
3.6.3 彈道測試 55
3.6.4 落塔測試 62
3.6.5 撓曲度和厚度測量 63
第四章 結果與討論 64
4.1 熱重分析 64
4.2 流變性質 66
4.3 彈道測試 67
4.3.1 彈道測試(空氣槍) 67
4.3.2 彈道測試(精度槍管) 70
4.4 落塔測試 74
4.4.1 刀插測試 (S1 刀具) 74
4.4.2 刀插測試 (P1 刀具) 77
4.5 撓曲度和厚度測量 79
第五章 結論 80
參考文獻 81
附錄A. 以fumed silica 製備剪切增稠流體 90
A.1 Fumed silica OX 50 熱重分析 90
A.2 Fumed silica STF 流變性質 91
A.3 比較整理15 nm 奈米二氧化矽顆粒和fumed silica 93

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