臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要探討以不同含量廢橡膠 EPDM ( Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer ) 與乙烯 醋酸乙烯酯共聚物 EVA ( Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer ) 在 不同含量發泡劑下製作複合材料樓板隔音墊，並透過有限元素進行不同厚度之動 態剛性模擬，判斷樓板隔音墊是否符合內政部建築技術法規「樓板衝擊音」的隔 音規範，除此之外，也使用拉力機測得材料之抗拉強度與掃描式電子顯微鏡 ( 進行表面型態觀察。 拉力機所測得之彈性係數與抗拉強度隨著廢橡膠 EPDM 與發泡劑的增加而下 降。使用掃描式電子顯微鏡 ( 觀察複合材料發泡氣孔大小，在相同的發泡劑 添加量下，未添加廢橡膠 EPDM 的氣孔尺寸較添加廢橡膠 EPDM 來的大。 進行有限元素分析時 ，需取得複合材料之泊松比與彈性係數，泊松比是透過 數位攝影法得到，結果顯示隨著發泡劑添加量的增加而增加。彈性係數則是由拉 力機在材料斷裂前應變量 2% 時之應力去做應力除上應變之比值。模擬之結果為 隨著複合材料的厚度增加，動態剛性也隨之下降。在緩衝材厚度為 1.44 公分且發 泡劑添加量 3 PHR 以上時，動態剛性可達到內政部建築技術法規「樓板衝擊音」 的隔音規範。

This study mainly focused on the production of composite floor slab soundproofing mats with different content of waste rubber EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) in different content of foaming agent, and simulated the dynamic stiffness in different thickness through finite elements to determine whether the floor insulation mat meets the sound insulation specifications of the construction technical regulations floor impact sound that formulate by Ministry of Interior. In addition, we also used the tensile machine to measure the tensile strength of the material and operated the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe the surface type. The elastic modulus and tensile strength measured by the tensile machine were decr eased depensed on the increase of waste rubber EPDM and foaming agent. Using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe the size of the foamed pores of the composite material, it reveal that under the same amount of foaming agent added, the pore si ze of the waste rubber EPDM was not larger than that of the waste rubber EPDM. When we analyzed the finite element, , the Poisson's ratio and the elastic modulus of the composite material are needed. The Poisson's ratio was obtained by digital photography , and the results showed that the ratio increased with the addition of the foaming agent. The modulus of elasticity was the ratio that the stress which the tensile machine force the material before it broke by 2% divided by the strain . The result of the s imulation, as the thickness of the composite increases, so the dynamic stiffness also decreases. When the thickness of the cushioning material is 1.44 cm and the amount of foaming agent added is more than 3 phr, the dynamic rigidity can reach the sound ins ulation specification of the architecture technical regulations floor impact sound"that formulated by Ministry of Interior.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與目的 1
1.2 天然橡膠與合成橡膠 3
1.2.1 合成橡膠 4
1.3 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA) 6
1.4 聚合物發泡 7
1.5 過氧化物交聯反應 8
1.6 何謂阻尼 9
1.7 吸音、隔音介紹 10
1.7.1 吸音 10
1.7.2 隔音 11
1.8 樓板衝擊音發生機構 12
1.8.1 衝擊源之衝擊力特性 14
1.9 泊松比與彈性係數之應用 15
1.10 國內浮式地板動態剛性測定法 16
1.11 國內建築法衝擊音相關規定 19
第二章 文獻回顧 21
2.1 廢橡膠混摻高分子發泡之研究 21
2.2 廢橡膠混摻高分子阻尼之研究 .24
2.3 動態剛性與樓層板衝擊音關聯性之研究 28
2.4 研究動機與目錄 30
第三章 儀器原理儀器原理 31
3.1 密閉式滾煉機 31
3.2 橡膠硫化儀 32
3.3 掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM) 34
3.4 拉力機量測抗拉強度與彈性係數 37
3.5 數位攝影應用於泊松比計算 39
3.5.1何謂泊松比 39
3.5.2數位攝影法量測泊松比之應用 42
第四章 實驗方法實驗方法 43
4.1 實驗藥品 43
4.2 實驗儀器 44
4.3 實驗方法 45
4.3.1 EPDM與EVA混摻發泡材料之製備 45
4.3.2 機械性質測試 47
4.3.3 SEM 47
4.3.4 數位攝影法進行泊松比量測 48
4.3.5 有限元素分析模型測量動態剛性 53
第五章 結果與討論結果與討論 54
5.1 機械性質分析 54
5.1.1 抗拉強度 54
5.1.2 彈性係數 56
5.2 SEM 58
5.3 數位攝影法量測之泊松比 61
5.4 樓板隔音墊之模擬動態剛性 66
5.4.1 彈性係數對於動態剛性之影響 66
5.4.2 泊松比對於動態剛性之影響 70
5.4.3 不同厚度對於動態剛性的影響 74
第六章 結論 78
參考文獻79
附錄 85

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