臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

企業在全球化的影響下面臨高度的挑戰，而組織間網絡關係可以創造或累積社會資本及知識流通，進而提高企業本身的競爭優勢以降低衝擊。另一方面，地區群聚化對企業會產生在地關係鑲嵌的網絡效果，對企業的在R&D行為亦有影響，而企業R&D行為的目的就是維持競爭優勢，進而達到企業績效提升之目的。本研究擬從網絡觀點探討企業績效，從企業間的互動面（社會資本、知識流通）及企業個體的行為面（R&D）來探討企業績效。亦嘗試將「社會資本」分別與「R&D」及「組織績效」交互作用，探討社會資本的直接效果與干擾效果，最後依據實證結果提出相關之管理及政策建議。
本研究以國內新竹科園區高科產業為主，以國內上市、櫃的半導體製造業為研究對象，資料樣本為17家半導體製造公司，並於今（民94）年八月至十二月間進行次級資料的收集。本研究採用Panel Data模型作為研究變數關聯性的分析方法，研究結果發現：(1)社會資本有助於企業的績效之提升為社會資本的直接效果；(2)「本期社會資本」對「本期R&D」於組織的績效有加分的效果為社會資本間接效果；除了高社會資本能使組織有更佳的績效外，其R&D對企業績效因高社會資本而強化；(3) 「前期社會資本」對「前期R&D」於組織的績效有減分的效果為社會資本另一個間接效果，高的前期社會資本會減弱前期R&D的對組織績效的遞延效果。
根據研究結果，進一步提出管理及政策建議：(1)不同要素會造成績效上之差異，企業可針對不同的目標，強化其投入要素內涵；(2)若企業在所處網絡中存在豐裕之社會資本，則能加強績效表現；(3)企業在增加社會資本時，仍需注意之期社會資本對組織R&D產生之影響。

In the face of increasingly competitive environment brought about by globalization, interorganization network of relationship is able to provide value to its member firms by allowing them access to or exchange all critical resources through functioning of social capital embedded within the network. Regional Agglomeration cause of firm create effect of regional relationship embedded and influence on firm’s R&D. The study examined performance of firm by network prospect, interaction of firm (social capital), specific behavior of firms (R&D) and performance. Social capital influence on firm performance (direct effect ) and influence of social capital on R&D’s effect on firm performance (interference effect ) The moderating roles of social capital in the relationships among knowledge flow, R&D and performance are also examined so as to draw more managerial and policy implications from the empirical results.
Employing a sample of 17 semiconducting manufacturers in Hsinchu Science Park during the period 1996-04. Analysis method is Panel Data. Our results show that (1)Social Capital is positively associated with firm’s performance(direct effect), social facilitates maintain competitive advantage (2)Social Capital is facilitates R&D development, benefit on firm performance(indirect effect)；(3)Past Social Capital is abates past R&D development, benefit on firm performance(indirect effect) with social capital plays an important moderating role because strategic fits of social capital and R&D are positively related to firm performance.
The research suggest : (1)different elements can affect firm performance, firm strengthened input elements by different goals; (2)if firm’s network have rich
social capital can strengthened firm performance; (3)firm invested in social capital, need to take notice of social capital affect R&D development.

目 錄
頁次
目錄 Ⅰ
圖目錄 Ⅲ
表目錄 Ⅳ
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究流程 2
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 社會資本之文獻回顧 4
2.1.1 社會資本的定義 4
2.1.2 社會資本與一般資本異同點 6
2.1.3 地區群聚的社會資本 6
2.1.4 社會資本對組織績效的影響 7
2.2 研究發展 8
2.2.1 研究的定義與類型 8
2.2.2 知識的定義 8
2.2.3 知識特性 9
2.2.4 組織學習 10
2.2.5 社會資本、組織網絡對知識流通的影響 10
2.2.6 R&D對組織績效之影響 11
第三章 研究方法 13
3.1 研究架構與研究假說 13
3.2 研究對像與研究期間 14
3.3 資料來源與變數定義 15
3.3.1 依變數 15
3.3.2 自變數 15
3.4 分析方法 18
第四章 實驗結果與分析 20
4.1 敘述統計 20
4.2 相關分析 20
4.3 Panel Data分析結 21
4.4 研究假設實證結果 27
第五章 結論與建議 28
5.1 本研究之結論 28
5.2 管理意函 29
5.3 本研究之限制與後續研究建議 29
5.3.1 本研究的限制 29
5.3.2 後續研究建議 30

參考文獻 31
附錄一 相關分析表 38
附錄二 社會資本次級資料 39
附錄三 各年度關係矩陣與密度矩陣 46
附錄四 產業結構圖 53
附錄五 Panel Data模型

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二．中文部份
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