臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

影音串流技術(Video and Audio Streaming)隨著通訊網路而蓬勃發展，其發展的目的在於如何透過通訊網路即時傳送多媒體的視訊與音訊資料，而用戶端不需要等待檔案下載完畢，即能立即播放，節省用戶端冗長的等待時間及龐大的暫存空間。為了方便管理者在遠端進行影音串流服務的運作與管理，本論文研究與實作了一個影音串流技術服務的整合管理系統，此系統分成三大部份：製作影片處理端、伺服器遠端管理端、播放測試端。使用製作影片處理端做擷取原始影音，接著透過視訊壓縮成為MPEG-4的影音格式並使其支援串流播放，並可以遠端上傳到伺服器的儲存媒體中，接著透過伺服器遠端管理端來進行串流伺服器的設定與管理，並也提出了串流影片遠端權限存取控管機制，讓有權限的使用者享受更良好的串流品質。最後，播放測試端方便管理者測試整個串流服務設定是否能正常播出開放的影片。因此論文實作的整合管理系統，不但方便管理者進行遠端串流服務的整個運作，更透過遠端權限存取控管確保影片的欣賞品質。本論文也為了更瞭解串流服務的整體運作，以MPlayer客戶端播放器之原始碼為例，更進一步的研究用戶端如何做串流影片要求、傳送到呈現影像，透過探討與分析原始碼與擷取網路封包來驗證影音串流傳輸時的程序，包含研究以MPlayer客戶端播放端如何使用RTSP（Real Time Streaming Protocol）協定向伺服器端要求影音資料的過程，以及播放端如何接收與解析伺服器傳送過來的RTP（Real-time Transport Protocol）影片資料、傳送RTP過程中如何使用RTCP（Real-time Transport Control Protocol）做控制的過程，最後介紹Mplayer播放程式如何對收到的MPEG-4的影音做解碼與呈現影片，做一個完整的研究與驗證。

An audiovisual streaming technology is becoming even more important recently with the widespread use of Internet. It conveys video and audio streams in real time through Internet. A client player can play an audiovisual stream that transmitted from server. In addition, it doesn’t have to wait until the downloaded streams are completed. The advantages of this technology are to save the waiting time and reduce the disk storage. In order to make it convenient, the administrator can operate and manage the Video-Audio Streaming service in remote. So, the thesis is an implementation about an integrated management system of Video-Audio streaming service. This system integrates three major components, the process of the video and audio, server management, and Video-Audio test player. Using the Integrated Management System can control WebCam to catch video and audio. And, compressing it into MPEG-4 format, then upload and store the content to the streaming server. The content can be outputted by streaming technology via the streaming server. Not only can it operate and manage the Video-Audio streaming server by means of the remote Management system, but the authentication and authorization access control functions provide users the better video quality. Finally, using the test player can check all the settings of streaming service correctly. Besides implementing an integrated management system of Video-Audio streaming service, this thesis studys the streaming network packet, the processes of Video-Audio streaming service that contain the protocol of RTSP, RTP, RTCP , and decoding the MPEG-4 video by MPlayer.

中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研發動機與目的 1
1.2研發工具 2
1.3論文組織 3
第二章 相關文獻技術探討 4
2.1串流技術探討 4
2.1.1 串流技術原理介紹 4
2.1.2 串流服務(streaming services) 運作流程 7
2.1.3 串流傳輸通訊協定 7
2.1.3.1即時流協議RTSP 8
2.1.3.2 會議描述協定 SDP 10
2.1.3.3即時傳輸協定RTP 11
2.1.3.4即時傳輸控制協議RTCP 13
2.2串流伺服器與播放器 15
2.2.1串流伺服器(Darwin Streaming Server) 16
2.2.2 MPlayer播放器 18
2.2.2.1 Live555簡介 20
2.2.2.2 LiveMedia應用開發 22
2.3 MPEG-4 簡介 24
2.3.1 MPEG-4介紹 25
2.3.2 MPEG-4與RTP封裝機制 25
2.3.3 MP4檔案格式 28
第三章系統整合開發 30
3.1 系統功能架構分析 30
3.1.1功能分析 31
3.1.2系統架構 37
3.2系統整合實作 39
3.2.1串流服務整合管理系統 40
3.2.2製作影片處理端 42
3.2.2.1 Webcam錄影 43
3.2.2.2轉換串流格式 44
3.2.2.3遠端影片上傳 45
3.2.3伺服器遠端管理端 47
3.2.3.1伺服器管理 48
3.2.3.2遠端影片權限存取控管 50
3.2.4播放測試端 56
3.2.4.1播放測試 56
3.3系統功能測試 59
3.3.1串流服務整合管理系統介面測試 59
3.3.2製作影片處理端測試 61
3.3.2.1 Webcam錄影測試 61
3.3.2.2 轉換串流格式測試 63
3.3.2.3遠端影片上傳測試 65
3.3.3伺服器遠端管理端測試 67
3.3.3.1伺服器管理測試 67
3.3.3.2遠端影片權限存取控管測試 67
3.3.4播放測試端測試 69
3.3.4.1播放測試 69
第四章 串流封包實驗分析 72
4.1封包驗證 72
4.2封包實驗測試 93
第五章 MPlayer程式流程解析 106
5.1 MPLAYER流程解析 106
5.2 MPEG-4 DECODER 117
第六章結論與未來展望 123
6.1結論 123
6.2未來展望 123
參考文獻 124

[1]鯤鵬工作 馮寶坤、陳子鴻,2002,數位影音串流寶典,金禾資訊.
[2]RFC 2326, Real Time Streaming Protocol http://www.rfc-archive.org/getrfc.php?rfc=2326
[3]M. Handley, V. Jacobson, “SDP: Session Description Protocol”,
RFC2327, April 1998.
[4]H. Schulzrinne, S. Casner, R. Frederick, V. Jacobson, “RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications”, RFC1889, January 1996.
[5]Herpel , Balabanian , Basso , Civanlar , Hoffman , Speer , Schulzrinne ,“RTP payload format for MPEG-4 Elementary Streams”,ietf-avt-rtp-mpeg4-00, September 09, 1998.
[6]ISO/IEC 14496-14:2004 Information technology -- Coding of audio-visual objects -- Part 14: MP4 File, 2004.
[7]吳炳飛等編著, 2006, MPEG-4視訊壓縮技術,全華科技圖書股份有限公司.
[8]ISO/IEC JTC 14496-1, "Information Technology: Coding of Audio-Visual Objects – Part1: Systems," ISO/IEC/JTC1/SC29/WG11 N2501, November 1998.
[9]ISO/IEC JTC 14496-2, "Information Technology: Coding of Audio-Visual Objects – Part2: Visual," ISO/IEC/JTC1/SC29/WG11 N2502, October 1998.
[10]Y. Kikuchi, T. Nomura, S. Fukunaga, Y. Matsui, and H. Kimata. RTP Payload Format for MPEG-4 Audio/Visual Streams. November 2000. http://www.itef.org/rfc/rfc3016.txt
[11]Chris Adamson, “QuickTime for JavaTM ”,O’REILLY, 2005.
[12]H. Schulzrinne, S. Casner, R. Frederick and V. Jacobson, "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications," RFC3550, July 2003.
[13]Apple Computer Inc., “Apple - QuickTime – QuickTime Streaming Server”,http://www.apple.com/quicktime/products/qtss/, 2003.
[14]Apple Computer Inc., “Apple - Public Source - Darwin Streaming Server”, http://developer.apple.com/darwin/projects/streaming/, 2003.
[15]Apple Computer Inc., “QuickTime Streaming Server Modules”, February 2002.
[16]Apple Computer,“Inside QuickTime: QuickTime File Format”, Apple Computer, Inc. , March 27 , 2000.