臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

經濟增長是經濟發展的核心問題之一。這也是世界上所有國家的首要目標。在評估每個國家的經濟發展的效率上，本研究整合兩大項目進行研究：1.針對國際市場的選擇（IMS）對商品出口的評估；2.外國直接投資（FDI）對推動經濟成長的影響。本文的目的是運用自行整合的資料包絡分析（DEA）方法，研究FDI效率評估和國際市場選擇中的經濟增長問題。此外，在國際貨物出口市場選擇方面，主要目標是建立一個整合式的DEA模型，以探索越南的貨物，應有效的出口到哪些國家。本案例研究指出，在選擇出口的國家時，必須遵守低關稅率，低匯率和更高的經營便利性，但發展中國家政府也應該放寬政策以改善出口來改善國內生產毛額（GDP）和國家經濟。在FDI效率評估方面，本研究側重於多屬性決策（MCDM）模型，該模型結合了DEA的應用和灰預測，以及企業社會責任（CSR），在各個發展中國家的探索它對可持續經濟增長的影響和決策。本研究幫助發展中國家和研究人員對個別國家進行基準衡量，並遵循規範以開發新的策略，且利用FDI和CSR來促進經濟的可持續發展，它還有助於政策制定者將FDI和CSR應用用於經濟發展的決策。從這兩項實證研究的結果可以看出，本文提供了一個有效的研究框架，並發展出一套經濟成長評估規劃的整合式DEA方法。
關鍵詞：MCDM，DEA，GM（1,1），綜合DEA，經濟增長，FDI，國際市場選擇，發展中國家。

Economic growth is one of the core issues of economic development. This is also the top target of all countries in the world. The combination of international market selection (IMS) for export of goods and the assessment of the effectiveness of foreign direct investment (FDI) is the driving force for economic growth, helping to evaluate the economic development efficiency for each country. The aim of this dissertation is to study the economic growth issue in FDI efficiency evaluation and international market selection by applying integrated Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. In terms of international market selection for export of goods, the main goal is to develop an integrated DEA model to explore the most productive Vietnamese exporting of goods to other countries. This case study indicates that developing countries in selection of an international market must comply with low tariff rates, exchange rate, and higher ease of doing business but also be the case for the developing country's government to indulge in improving their exports, in turn, improve the gross domestic product (GDP) and economy of the country. In terms of FDI efficiency evaluation, this study focuses on Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model which combines the integrated DEA application and GM (1,1) of FDI and sustainability factors corporate social responsibility (CSR) spending in various developing countries to explore its impact and decision making for sustainable economic growth. This case study helps developing nations as well as researchers to benchmark efficient countries and follow their strategies to develop a new one for utilizing FDI and CSR spending in sustainable economic development. It also helps policymakers in the multi-criterion application of FDI and CSR for decision making in economic development. From the results of these two empirical studies, it is shown that the dissertation has provided an effective research framework and applied well the integrated DEA method for economic growth field.
Keyword: MCDM, DEA, GM (1,1), integrated DEA, economic growth, FDI, international market selection, developing countries.

CONTENTS
ABSTRACT vi
Acknowledgments viii
LIST OF TABLES x
LIST OF FIGURES xi
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background 1
1.1.1 Role of Export on Economic Growth 1
1.1.2 Role of FDI on Economic Growth 3
1.2 Research motivation 5
1.3 Research structure 7
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 8
2.1 Review of GM (1,1) 8
2.2 Review of DEA model 9
2.3 Review of integrated DEA model 10
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 12
3.1 Grey forecasting GM (1,1) model 12
3.2 DEA model 13
3.2.1 Super SBM model 13
3.2.2 Malmquist Productivity Index 15
CHAPTER 4: EXPERIMENTAL ANALYZING AND RESULTS 17
4.1 Application in international market selection for the export of goods: A case study in Vietnam 17
4.1.1 Case study literature review 17
4.1.2 Methodology 19
4.1.3 Empirical study and discussion 22
4.1.4 Summarization 33
4.2 Application multi-criteria decision-making model and GM (1,1) theory for evaluating efficiency of FDI on economic growth: A case study in developing countries 36
4.2.1 Case study literature review 36
4.2.2 Methodology 40
4.2.3 Empirical Study and discussion 44
4.2.4 Summarization 64
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH 68
5.1 Conclusion 68
5.2 Future research 69
Reference 70

Reference
1.Balassa, B. Exports, policy choices and economic growth in developing countries after the 1973 oil shock. Journal of Development Economics. 1985, 18, 23-35., DOI: 10.1016/0304-3878(85)90004-5
2.Trost, M., & Bojnec, S. Export-led growth: The case of the Slovenian and Estonian economies. Post-Communist Economies. 2016, 28(3), 373-383, DOI: 10.1080/14631377.2016.1184425
3.Delgado, M. A., Farinas, J. C., & Ruano, S. Firm productivity and export markets: a non-parametric approach. Journal of International Economics. 2002, 57, 397–422, DOI: 10.1016/S0022-1996(01)00154-4.
4.Jenkins, R. Vietnam in the global economy: Trade, employment and poverty. J. Int. Dev. 2004, 16, 13–28.
5.ITC. “Viet Nam,” 2018. Available online: http://www.intracen.org/default.aspx
6.Social and Economic Situation in 9 months of 2017. General Statistics Office of Vietnam. Available online: https://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=622&ItemID=18585
7.International Trade Centre. Identify Industries for Inward Investment Overview. Available online: http://www.intracen.org/default.aspx
8.Abdul, K. Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment and Its Impact on Economic Growth in Developing Countries. Journal of Economic Development. 2008, 9457. Available online: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9457/
9.Crespo, N.; Fontoura, M.P. Determinant Factors of FDI Spillovers – What Do We Really Know? World development. 2007, 35. Available online: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.527.241&rep=rep1&type=pdf
10.Hayami, Y. An Emerging Agricultural Problem in High-Performing Asian Economies. The World Bank. 2007. Available online: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/7271 (accessed on 7 December 2018).
11.Elkomy, S.; Ingham, H.; Read, R. Economic and Political Determinants of the Effects of FDI on Growth in Transition and Developing Countries. Thunderbird Int Bus Rev. 2016, 58(4), 347–62.
12.Alina-Mihaela, B.; Radu-Marcel, J. FDI Structural Effects on Developing Countries. Vision 2020: Sustainable Growth, Economic Development, and Global Competitiveness. 2014, 1-5, 91-95. Available online: https://ibima.org/conference/23rd-ibima-conference/
13.Ghosh, A.; Chakraborti, C. Beyond Corporate Social Responsibility: Ethics in Action. Glob Virtue Ethics Rev. 2014, 6(4), 60–99. https://search.proquest.com/openview/535453659162a34f6d7357d9865bae9d/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=27887
14.Jamali, D.; Karam, C. Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Countries as an Emerging Field of Study. Int J Manag Rev. 2018, 20(1), 32–61. DOI: 10.1111/ijmr.12112
15.Zhang, D.; Morse S.; Kambhampati U. Sustainable development and corporate social responsibility. 2017, 1-269. Available online: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227409922_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_and_Sustainable_Development (accessed on 9 December 2018)
16.Zhang, C.; Xu, J. Retesting the causality between energy consumption and GDP in China: Evidence from sectoral and regional analyses using dynamic panel data. Energy Economics. 2012, 34(6), 1782-9, DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2012.07.012
17.Yang, L.B.; Zhang, X.; Wu. J. Prediction of the number of international tourists in China based on gray model (1,1). 2009 International Conference on Electronic Commerce and Business Intelligence. Doi: 10.1109/ECBI.2009.34.
18.Zhu, L.; Xu, B. Grey Relation Analysis on the High-tech Industry and Economic Growth - Empirical Evidence from Yunnan Province of China. International Journal of Business and Management. 2017, 12(4), 213–221, DOI: 10.5539/ijbm.v12n4p213
19.Yamaguchi, D.; Nagai, M.; Li, G.D. New grey relational analysis for finding the invariable structure and its applications. Journal of Grey System. 2005, 8(2), 167-178, DOI: 10.30016/JGS.200512.0007
20.Yu, X.; Lu, Z. Prediction of Energy Consumption Based on Grey Model - GM (1,1). International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence, 2012, 192–199.
21.Chen, G.J.; Li, K.K.; Chung, T.S.; Sun, H.B.; Tang, G.Q. Application of an innovative combined forecasting method in power system load forecasting. Electric power systems research. 2001, 59(2), 131-137, DOI: 10.1016/S0378-7796(01)00137-7
22.Qian, W.Y.; Dang, Y.G.; Liu, S.F. Study on grey prediction model GM(1,1)and its application based on amplitude compression transformation. Proceedings of 2013 IEEE International Conference on Grey systems and Intelligent Services (GSIS), 2013, 103–107.
23.Wang, Y.; Wei, F.; Sun, C.; Li, Q. The Research of Improved Grey GM(1,1) Model to Predict the Postprandial Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes,” BioMed Research International. 2016, 2016, DOI: 10.1155/2016/6837052
24.Jouini, R.; Lemlouma,T.; Maalaoui, K.; Saidane, L. A. Employing Grey Model forecasting GM(1,1) to historical medical sensor data towards system preventive in smart home e-health for elderly person. 2016 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2016, 1086–1091.
25.Wang, R.T.; Ho, C.T.B.; Oh, K. Measuring production and marketing efficiency using grey relation analysis and data envelopment analysis. International Journal of Production Research. 2010, 48(1), 183-199, DOI: 10.1080/00207540802446803
26.Martı́n, J.; Roman, C. An application of DEA to measure the efficiency of Spanish airports prior to privatization. Journal of Air Transport Management. 2001, 7(3), 149-157, DOI: 10.1016/S0969-6997(00)00044-2
27.Wu, D. D. A systematic stochastic efficiency analysis model and application to international supplier performance evaluation. Expert Systems with Applications 2010, 37(9), 6257-6264, DOI: 10.1016/j.eswa.2010.02.097
28.Hajiagha, S. H. R.; Zavadskas, E. K.; Hashemi, S. S. Application of stepwise data envelopment analysis and grey incidence analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of export promotion programs. Journal of Business Economic and Management. 2013, 14(3), 638-650, DOI: 10.3846/16111699.2012.745819
29.Bojnec, Š.; Latruffe, L. Measures of farm business efficiency. Industrial Management & Data Systems. 2008, 108(2), 258-270, DOI: 10.1108/02635570810847617
30.Wang, C.N.; Li, K.Z.; Ho, C.T.; Yang, K.L.; Wang, C.H. A model for candidate selection of strategic alliances: Case on industry of department store. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control, Kumamoto, Japan, 5–7 September 2007; IEEE: Piscataway, NJ, USA, 2007.
31.Chiu, Y. H.; Chen, Y. C.; Bai, X. J. Efficiency and risk in Taiwan banking: SBM super-DEA estimation. Applied Economic, 2011, 43(5), 587-602, DOI: 10.1080/00036840802599750.
32.Chien, L. Q.; Lin, G. ; Bao, N.; Nguyen, T. Using Super SBM Model for ranking : A case study of banks in Vietnam. 2017 International Conference on System Science and Engineering (ICSSE), DOI: 10.1109/ICSSE.2017.8030950.
33.Kumar, S.; Gulati, R. An examination of technical, pure technical, and scale efficiencies in Indian public sector banks using data envelopment analysis,” ejbe.org, 2008.
34.T. Ngo and D. Tripe, “Measuring efficiency of Vietnamese banks,” Pacific Account. Rev., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 171–182, Apr. 2017.
35.G. Raphael, “A DEA-Based Malmquist Productivity Index approach in assessing performance of commercial banks: Evidence from Tanzania,” Eur. J. Bus. Manag., vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 2222–2839, 2013.
36.Shen, Y.; Hermans, E.; Ruan, D.; Vanhoof, K.; Brijs, T.; Wets, G. A dea-based malmquist productivity index approach in assessing road safety performance. In Proceedings of the 9th International FLINS Conference, Chengdu, China, 2–4 August 2010.
37.Benli, Y.K.; Degirmen, S. The Application of Data Envelopment Analysis Based Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index: Empirical Evidence in Turkish Banking Sector. Panoeconomicus 2013, 60, 139–159.
38.T. Yang and C. Kuo, “A hierarchical AHP/DEA methodology for the facilities layout design problem. European Journal of Operational Research. 2003, 147(1), 128-136, DOI: 10.1016/S0377-2217(02)00251-5
39.Wu, D.; Olson, D.L. Supply chain risk, simulation, and vendor selection. International Journal of Production Economics. 2008, 114(2), 646-655, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.02.013 Elsevier, 2008.
40.Gan, L.; Xu, D.; Hu, L.; Wang, L. Economic Feasibility Analysis for Renewable Energy Project Using an Integrated TFN–AHP–DEA Approach on the Basis of Consumer Utility. Energies, 2017, 10(12), 2089; DOI: 10.3390/en10122089
41.Monreno, J.J. Productivity growth of European retailers: a benchmarking approach. Journal of Economic Studies. 2010, 37(3), 288-313; DOI: 10.1108/01443581011061285
42.Poveda, A. C. Economic development and growth in Colombia: An empirical analysis with super-efficiency DEA and panel data models. IDEAS Working Paper Series from RePEc. 2011. Available online: http://ideas.repec.org/p/col/000137/009080.html).
43.Amiri, A.; Bruno, V. Forecasting the role of public expenditure in economic growth Using DEA-neural network approach. IDEAS Working Paper Series from RePEc, 2011. Available online: http://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/33955.html)
44.Liu, S.; Lin, Y. Introduction to grey systems theory. Underst Complex Syst. 2010, 68, 1–399. DOI: 10.1108/204393712112
45.Zhou, J.J. The application of grey forecasting model based on excel modeling and solving in logistics demand forecast. 2013 10th Int Comput Conf Wavelet Act Media Technol Inf Process ICCWAMTIP 2013. 2013; 362–5.
46.Le, T.N; Wang, C.N. The Integrated Approach for Sustainable Performance Evaluation in Value Chain of Vietnam Textile and Apparel Industry. Sustainability. 2017, 9(3), 477. DOI: 10.3390/su9030477
47.Huang, J.; Chen, J.; Yin, Z. A Network DEA Model with Super Efficiency and Undesirable Outputs: An Application to Bank Efficiency in China. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 2014, 2014. DOI: 10.1155/2014/793192
48.Elsayed, A.; Shabaan, K.N. Evaluate and Analysis Efficiency of Safaga Port Using DEA-CCR, BCC and SBM Models-Comparison with DP World Sokhna. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2017; 245. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/245/4/042033
49.Morita, H; Hirokawa, K; Zhu, J. A slack-based measure of efficiency in context-dependent data envelopment analysis. Omega. 2005, 1;33(4), 357-62, DOI: 10.1016/j.omega.2004.06.001
50.Tone, K. A slacks-based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 2001, 130, 498-509, DOI: 10.1016/S0377-2217(99)00407-5.
51.Düzakın, E.; Düzakın, H. Measuring the performance of manufacturing firms with super slacks based model of data envelopment analysis: An application of 500 major industrial enterprises in. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 2007, 182, 1412-1432. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2006.09.036
52.Tone, K. Continuous Optimization A slacks-based measure of super-efficiency in data envelopment analysis. Eur J Oper Res. 2002, 14, 32–41. DOI: 10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00324-1
53.Ing, K.V. Using DEA Models To Measure Efficiency. Available online: https://www.nbs.sk/_img/Documents/BIATEC/BIA08_05/24_28.pdf (accessed on 10 December 2018).
54.Malmquist, S. Index numbers and indifference surfaces. Springer. 1953, 4(2). DOI: 10.1007%2FBF03006863
55.Färe, R.; Grosskopf, S.; Lindgren, B.; Roos, P. Productivity changes in Swedish pharamacies 1980–1989: A non-parametric Malmquist approach. Springer. 1992, 3(1-2). DOI: 10.1007/BF00158770
56.Duong, T.T.M. Export performance assessment of Vietnam period 2010–2014. J. For. Sci. Technol. 2015, 4, 123–130.
57.Nguyen, D.X. Trade liberalization and export sophistication in Vietnam. J. Int. Trade Econ. Dev. 2016, 25, 1071–1089
58.Nguyen, T.H. Impact of Export on Economic Growth in Vietnam: Empirical Research and Recommendations. Int. Bus. Manag. 2016, 13, 45–52.
59.Newman, C.; Rand, J.; Tarp, F.; Nguyen, T.T.A. Exporting and Productivity: Learning from Vietnam. J. African Econ. 2017, 26, 67–92.
60.Cano, J.A.; Campo, E.A.; Baena, J.J. Application of DEA in international market selection for the export of goods. DYNA 2017, 84, 376–382.
61.Shabani, A.; Saen, R.F.; Vazifehdoost, H. The use of data envelopment analysis for international market selection in the presence of multiple dual-role factors. Int. J. Bus. Inf. Syst. 2013, 13, 471–489.
62.Movahedi, M. Evaluation of the Technical Efficiency of Export: Data Envelopment Analysis Approach. MPRA Paper. 2013. Available online: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/78619/
63.Wang, C.N.; Lin, H.S.; Hsu, H.P.; Le, V.T.; Lin, T.F. Applying data envelopment analysis and grey model for the productivity evaluation of Vietnamese agroforestry industry. Sustainability 2016, 8, 1139. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
64.Vixathep, S.; Matsunaga, N. Firm performance in a transitional economy: A case study of Vietnam’s garment industry. J. Asia Pac. Econ. 2012, 17, 74–93. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
65.Ngo, D.T. Evaluating the Efficiency of Vietnamese Banking System: An Application Using Data Envelopment Analysis. Munich Personal RePEc Archive, 2010. Available online: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/27882
66.WITS. Vietnam Export to All Country 2012 WITS Data. 2016. Available online: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/SAS/Year/LTST/TradeFlow/Export/Partner/all/ (accessed on 20 July 2018).
67.World Bank. Ranking of Economies—Doing Business—World Bank Group. 2018. Available online: http://www.doingbusiness.org/en/rankings (accessed on 20 July 2018).
68.STATISTA. Vietnam—Most Important Export Partner Countries in 2016 | Statistic. 2018. Available online: https://www.statista.com/statistics/444808/most-important-export-partner-countries-for-vietnam/ (accessed on 20 July 2018).
69.WITS. Vietnam Trade at a Glance Most Recent Value WITS Data. 2018. Available online: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountrySnapshot/en/VNM (accessed on 20 July 2018).
70.Zhang, C.; Xu, J. Retesting the causality between energy consumption and GDP in China: Evidence from sectoral and regional analyses using dynamic panel data. Energy Economics. 2012, 34(6), 1782-9, DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2012.07.012
71.Mardani, A.; Jusoh, A.; Nor, K.M.D.; Khalifah, Z.; Zakwan, N.; Valipour A. Multiple criteria decision-making techniques and their applications - A review of the literature from 2000 to 2014. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja. 2015, 28, 516–71. DOI: 10.1080/1331677X.2015.1075139
72.Yun, Y.; Nakayama, H. Generalized Data Envelopment Analysis and Computational Intelligence in Multiple Criteria Decision Making. Multicriteria Decision Aid and Artificial Intelligence: Links, Theory and Applications. 2007; 209–33, 9781119976394. DOI: 10.1002/9781118522516.ch9
73.Nakayama, H.; Arakawa, M.; Yun, Y.B. Data Envelopment Analysis in Multicriteria Decision Making. Multiple Criteria Optimization: State of the Art Annotated Bibliographic Surveys. 2002, 333–68. DOI: 10.1007/0-306-48107-3_7
74.Lee, J.; Kim, S.J.; Kwon, I. Corporate social responsibility as a strategic means to attract foreign investment: Evidence from Korea. Sustainability. 2017, 9(11), 2121. DOI: 10.3390/su9112121
75.Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Annex: Global Indicator Framework for the Sustainable Development Goals and Targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. 2017, 1–21. Available online: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators/Global Indicator Framework_A.RES.71.313 Annex.pdf (accessed on 19 December 2018)
76.Zhu, S.; Ye, A. Does the impact of China’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment on reverse green technology process differ across countries? Sustainability. 2018, 10(11), 3841. DOI: 10.3390/su10113841
77.Malik, K. Impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth of Pakistan. American Journal of Business and Management. 2015, 4(4), 190-202. DOI: 10.11634/216796061504624.
78.Awan, M.Z.; Khan, B.; Zaman, K. A Nexus between foreign direct investment & Pakistan’s economy. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics. 2010, 52, 17-27. Available online: http://s3.amazonaws.com/zanran_storage/www.eurojournals.com/ContentPages/1025184302.pdf (accessed on 7 December 2018).
79.Saqib, .D; Masnoon, M.; Rafique, N. Impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth of Pakistan. Advances in Management & Applied Economics. 2013, 3(1), 35-45. Available online: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/86961/ (accessed on 10 December 2018).
80.Aghion, P.; Akcigit, U.; Howitt, P. What do we learn from Schumpeterian growth theory? In Handbook of economic growth. Elsevier. 2014; pp. 515-563.
81.Hoque, N. ; Rahman, A. ; Molla, R. I.; Noman, A. H. M.; Bhuiyan, M. Z. H. Is corporate social responsibility pursuing pristine business goals for sustainable development? Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. 2018, 25(6), 1130-1142, DOI: 10.1002/csr.1527.
82.Hopkins, M. CSR and international development. In CSR and Sustainability. Routledge. 2017; pp. 88-108.
83.Aaijaz, N.; Ibrahim, M.D. CSR inflections: An overview on CSR global strategies adopted by companies in Malaysia and other Asian countries. Journal of Southeast Asian Research. 2012, 1, DOI: 10.5171/2012.266824.
84.Wang, C.N.; Ho, H.X.T.; Luo, S.H.; Lin, T.F. An integrated approach to evaluating and selecting green logistics providers for sustainable development. Sustain. 2017, 9(2), 218. DOI: 10.3390/su9020218
85.Yu, M.C.; Wang, C.N.; Ho, N.N.Y. A grey forecasting approach for the sustainability performance of logistics companies. Sustain. 2016, 8(9), 866. DOI: 10.3390/su8090866
86.Klumpp, M. Do forwarders improve sustainability efficiency? Evidence from a European DEA Malmquist index calculation. Sustainability. 2017, 9(5), 842. DOI: 10.3390/su9050842
87.World Bank. Countries | Data. 2017. Available online: https://data.worldbank.org/ (accessed on 7 December 2018).
88.Tintin, C. The Impacts of FDI on Productivity and Economic Growth: A Comparative Perspective. Master, LUND university, School of Economics and Management, Department of Economics, Sweden, 2010.
89.Afonso, A.; Ayadi, M.; Ramzi, S. Assessing productivity performance of basic and secondary education in Tunisia: a Malmquist analysis. Work Pap Dep Econ 19, ISEG - Sch Econ Manag. 2013, 5(1), 104–28. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2365003
90.Wang, C.N.; Nguyen, H.K.; Liao, R. Y. Partner Selection in Supply Chain of Vietnam’s Textile and Apparel Industry : The Application of a Hybrid DEA and GM (1,1) Approach. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 2017, 2017. DOI: 10.1155/2017/7826840
91.Bayoud, N.S.; Kavanagh, M.; Slaughter, G. Corporate social responsibility disclosure and employee commitment: Evidence from Libya. International Journal of Economics and Finance. 2012, 4(5), 37-50, DOI: 10.5539/ijef.v4n5p37
92.Elmogla, M.; Cowton, C.J.; Downs, Y. Corporate social reporting in Libya: a research note. Social Responsibility Journal. 2015, 11(4), 923-32, DOI: 10.1108/SRJ-06-2014-0075
93.Jayson, W.; Richardson, J.B.N.; Kevin, L.F. Unsystematic Technology Adoption in Cambodia : Students ’Perceptions of Computer and Internet Use. Int J Educ Dev Using Inf Commun Technol. 2014, 10(2), 63–76. Available online: https://www.learntechlib.org/p/147456/
94.Government of Cambodia. Cambodia industrial development policy 2015-2025. 2015. Available online: http://www.mih.gov.kh/File/UploadedFiles/12_9_2016_4_29_43.pdf (accessed on 19 December 2018)
95.Hanlon, R.J. Corporate social responsibility and human rights in Asia. Routledge. 2014; pp. 1-212, 9781134503391