臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

泛自閉症障礙是一個高度流行的神經發育障礙的疾病，在許多醫學研究中指出其特徵有在社交互動時有困難、溝通障礙、和有限定且重複性的行為問題，導致人們與自閉症患者互動時會覺得其行為相當怪異，從泛自閉症障礙者的綜合行為徵狀表現又能區分為三種類型如：典型自閉症(AD)、亞斯伯格症(AS)、及高功能性自閉症(HFA)，且這些自閉症的症狀程度及類型會經由專業醫生透過臨床觀察、輔助診斷工具後才確診，其中自閉症診斷觀察量表(ADOS)就為該領域的黃金輔助診斷標準。然而現今評量自閉症的方式有人為因素、耗時、且不易擴展的問題，本論文為實現建置辨識自閉症小孩的評估系統，透過在ADOS互動式訪談過程中的說故事片段，藉由聲音及影像的多模態行為訊號，利用LSTM演算法及機器學習模型進行建模，應用於人類行為訊號處理的概念實作，由實驗結果呈現在辨識自閉症及自閉症三種類型的辨識能力可以達到不錯的效果，此外在辨識自閉症三種類型上與使用研究助理在ADOS中評量的分數相比我們的系統效果也較為出色，透過本論文的實驗都呈現自閉症的評估系統是相當有可行性的，藉由醫療以及工程跨領域的結合，期望能夠讓自閉症診斷過程可以進一步俱備一致性、可複製性及客觀性。
關鍵字：泛自閉症障礙、自閉症診斷觀察量表、長短時記憶、人類行為訊號處理、多模態行為

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly-prevalent neuraldevelopmental disorder. In medical research often characterized by social communicative deficits and restricted repetitive interest. The heterogeneous nature of ASD in its behavior manifestations encompasses broad syndromes such as, Classical Autism (AD), Asperger syndrome (AS), and High functioning Autism (HFA). To evaluate the degree and there syndromes in ASD, doctor will diagnose through clinical observation and auxiliary diagnostic tools, one of them is Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), i.e., a gold standard diagnostic tool. However, there are existing some problems in diagnosis of autism such as, subjective evaluation, non-scalable, and time-consuming. In this work, we design an automatic assessment system based on computing multimodal behavior features, including acoustic characteristic、body movements of the participant, using LSTM algorithm and machine learning technique to build model during ADOS story-telling part by behavioral signal processing (BSP) concept. Further, our behavior-based measurement achieve competitive, sometimes exceeding, recognition accuracies in discriminating between three syndromes of ASD when compare to investigator’s clinical-rating on participant during ADOS.
Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, autism diagnostic observation schedule, long short-term memory, behavioral signal processing (BSP), multimodal behaviors

誌謝......................................i
中文摘要..................................ii
Abstract.................................iii
目錄......................................iv
圖目錄....................................vi
表目錄....................................vii
第一章 緒論.................................1
第二章 資料庫介紹...........................4
第三章 研究方法.............................7
3.1 聲音特徵...............................8
3.1.1. VAD................................8
3.1.2. 人聲辨別............................9
3.1.3. 特徵擷取............................10
3.2 影像特徵...............................12
3.2.1. Action Energy......................12
3.3 Long Short-Term Memory................15
3.4 Functional............................20
3.5 Baseline..............................21
3.5.1. 詞袋模型編碼........................21
3.5.2. 費雪向量編碼........................21
3.6 分類器之學習預測模型....................24
3.7 Student t-test........................25
第四章 實驗設計與結果.......................26
4.1 實驗細節說明...........................26
4.2 實驗一 : TD vs ASD.....................30
4.3 實驗二 : AD vs AS vs HFA...............33
4.4 實驗三 : Statistical Analysis..........36
第五章 結論與未來發展.......................40
參考文獻...................................42

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