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研究生:曾奕涵
研究生(外文):Tseng, Yi-Han
論文名稱:結合厭氧氨氧化與厭氧甲烷氧化在填充床反應器
論文名稱(外文):Combine anaerobic ammonium oxidation and anaerobic methane oxidation in the packed-bed reactor
指導教授:林志高林志高引用關係
指導教授(外文):Lin, Gih-Gaw
口試委員:陳勝一林志高陳文興
口試委員(外文):Chen, Shen-YiLin, Gih-GawChen, Wen-Hsing
口試日期:2017-09-15
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立交通大學
系所名稱:環境工程系所
學門:工程學門
學類:環境工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2017
畢業學年度:106
語文別:中文
論文頁數:41
中文關鍵詞:厭氧氨氧化厭氧甲烷氧化甲烷脫硝
外文關鍵詞:anammoxDAMOmethanedenitrifying
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在厭氧生物處理下,甲烷的產生往往都會以溶解於液態的形式存在,甲烷是一種非常強的溫室氣體,在100年的期間內,是二氧化碳的25倍,若以氣體的形式,甲烷能較容易被收集並去除,但以溶於水的形式存在,運用物化手法,則需要消耗大量的能源與資源才能達成,因此利用厭氧氧化溶解態甲烷則是一個很好的選擇。硝酸鹽型厭氧甲烷氧化反應能利用硝酸鹽來氧化甲烷,產生亞硝酸鹽與二氧化碳;亞硝酸鹽型厭氧甲烷氧化反應能使用亞硝酸鹽來達到甲烷氧化的目的,並釋放出氮氣與二氧化碳;厭氧氨氧化反應能將銨與亞硝酸鹽作為反應物,產生氮氣與少量的硝酸鹽。這3種反應能相互影響,且此3種反應在連結氮循環與碳循環上,可能扮演著重要的角色。本研究的目的是結合硝酸鹽型厭氧甲烷氧化反應、亞硝酸鹽型和厭氧甲烷氧化反應和厭氧氨氧化反應在填充床反應器,以達到處裡污水中的溶解性甲烷、安氮和硝酸鹽氮。起始進流之氨氮、亞硝酸鹽氮、硝酸鹽氮之初始濃度分別為1 mM、0.5 mM、5 mM。水利停留時間為3天,經過超過5個月的培養,總氮去除比率可達到90 %,在第210天後,氧化還原電為維持在130 mV。在活性測試中,硝酸鹽型厭氧甲烷氧化反應和亞硝酸鹽型和厭氧甲烷氧化反應的甲烷利用效率分別達到1.28x10-3 mmole mg-1-VSS d-1和 1.12x10-3 mmole mg-1-VSS d-1,相較於初始的新豐污泥,利用率達到10倍以上,表示著此反應槽成功的富集化脫硝厭氧甲烷氧化反應(DAMO)。
Anaerobic treatment processes in wastewater treatment industries discharge methane in gaseous as well as in aqueous form. Methane is considered a powerful greenhouse gas that has a global warming potential 25 times greater than carbon dioxide over a 100-year period. While methane in the gaseous phase can be easily collected and purified, dissolved methane is difficult to recover. Therefore, a post-treatment process is needed in anaerobic systems to oxidize dissolved methane, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions and making anaerobic wastewater treatment a more eco-friendly technology. Nitrate dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (Nitrate-DAMO) use nitrate as electron acceptor and methane as electron donor to produce nitrite and carbon dioxide. Whereas, nitrite dependent methane anaerobic oxidation (Nitrite-DAMO) use nitrite as electron acceptor and convert nitrite and methane to nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide. Anammox process consume ammonium and nitrite to produce nitrogen gas and nitrate. Nitrate-DAMO can interact with Nitrite-DAMO and Anammox. These three processes might play vital role in connecting nitrogen cycle with carbon cycle. In this study, we try to combine these three processes together to simultaneously remove nitrogen as well as carbon pollutant from the wastewater stream. These three processes occurred in the packed-bed reactor simultaneously with the influent concentration of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate of 1 mM, 0.5 mM and 5 mM, respectively. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the reactor is 3 days. The reactor is operated over 5 months. The nitrogen removal rates are over 90 %. The oxidation reduction potential (ORP) in the reactor maintains at 130 mV after the 210th day. In the activity test, the methane consumption rate of the nitrate-DAMO and nitrite-DAMO are 1.28x10-3 mmole mg-1-VSS d-1 and 1.12x10-3 mmole mg-1-VSS d-1, respectively. Those are 10 times higher than initial sludge. It means that it is successful to enrich denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) in the packed-bed reactor.
摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
符號說明 x
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 1
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 氮循環 3
2.2 傳統生物脫氮 4
2.3 厭氧氨氧化 5
2.3.1 源起 5
2.3.2 反應機制 5
2.3.3 Anammox細菌 7
2.3.4 傳統生物脫氮反應與anammox反應 7
2.4 厭氧甲烷氧化 8
2.5 亞硝酸鹽型厭氧甲烷氧化 9
2.5.1 源起 9
2.5.2 反應機制 9
2.5.3 Nitrite-DAMO細菌 10
2.6 硝酸鹽型厭氧甲烷氧化 11
2.6.1 源起 11
2.6.2 反應機制 11
2.6.3 Nitrate-DAMO古細菌 12
2.7 Anammox 與 DAMO的共生關係 13
第三章 材料與方法 16
3.1 樣品來源 16
3.2 反應槽之操作條件 16
3.3 基質成分 18
3.4 實驗流程 18
3.5 分析方法 18
3.6活性測試 19
第四章 結果與討論 21
4.1 反應槽之表現 21
4.1.1 pH與二氧化碳 22
4.1.2 氮去除 23
4.1.3 化學需氧量 26
4.1.4 氧化還原電位與懸浮固體物 27
4.1.5 甲烷消耗量與氮氣產生量之評估 29
4.2 活性測試 31
第五章 結論與建議 36
5.1 結論 36
5.2 建議 36
附錄A 37
參考文獻 38
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