臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

芳香療法 (aromatherapy) 被視為一種輔助療法 (complimentary treatments)，本研究目的即在探索以嗅吸植物精油-藍膠尤加利 (eucalyptus) 對耐力運動之抗疲勞、抗氧化及抗發炎效果。總數88隻雄性SD大鼠（8週齡）經嗅吸精油劑量測試後，依結果，分別進行1. 抗疲勞測試：分組為控制組 (C)、未嗅吸精油組 (0+Oil)、2週精油組 (2W+Oil)、4週精油組 (4W+Oil)，依不同組別嗅吸連續2或4週，每天1次、每次15分鐘的藍膠尤加利精油，之後實施單次負重 (5％體重) 強迫游泳至衰竭；2. 抗氧化、抗發炎測試：分組為控制組 (C)、精油組 (Oil)、游泳組 (S)、精油+游泳組 (Oil+S)，依不同組別嗅吸連續4週，每天1次、每次15分鐘的藍膠尤加利精油，或連續4週，每天1次之90-120分鐘漸增耐力游泳。而在實驗結束後，將所有大鼠犠牲，採集血液及取出肝臟，檢測各項生化參數。結果顯示：1. 運動表現：游泳至衰竭時間與0+Oil組比較，分別增加8.4% (2W+Oil) 以及18.3% (4W+Oil)。2. 血液疲勞物質：血漿GLU (glucose) 及FFA (free fatty acids) 濃度各組間無顯著差異（p>0.05）；0+Oil組之LA (lactate)、CK (creatine kinase) 及LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) 的活性均顯著高於其他3組（p＜0.05）；相反地，2W+Oil及4W+Oil組與對照C組相較則無顯著差異（p>0.05）。3. 肝臟組織之GLUT4 (glucose transporter 4)、FAS (fatty acid synthase) 及SREBP-1 (steroid regulatory element-binding protein 1) 的蛋白質表現量，各組間無顯著差異（p>0.05）。4.氧化傷害：S組肝臟組織之MDA (malondialdehyde) 濃度與XO (xanthine oxidase) 活性明顯上升，GSH (glutathione) 濃度則明顯下降，與其他3組相較達顯著性差異 (p<0.05)；而Oil+S 組與C組相較，則3項指標均無顯著差異（p>0.05）。5. 抗氧化能力：S組肝臟組織之SOD (superoxide dismutase)、CAT (catalase) 及GPx（glutathione peroxidase）酵素活性均顯著高於另3組（p＜0.05）；而Oil+S 組與C組比較，以上3項酵素活性則均無顯著差異（p＞0.05）。6. 發炎反應：S組肝臟組織之MPO (myeloperoxidase) 活性顯著高於另3組（p＜0.05）；而Oil+S 組與C組比較，則無顯著差異（p＞0.05）。綜合上述結果，本研究所用之藍膠尤加利精油芳香療法得到以下結論：1. 具有抗疲勞效果：可提升大鼠游泳運動表現，其效果應與能量代謝物質無關，主要是LA的清除以及降低LDH及CK對於劇烈運動後組織損傷程度，而可能與活性成份1,8-桉油醇 (1,8-cineole) 對於血液流速有加快效果，以及使大鼠體內之氧化壓力降低有關。2. 具有抗氧化效果：減少大鼠因劇烈運動在肝臟組織中XO活性與MDA生成及維持GSH含量的穏定，降低氧化傷害，並使SOD、CAT及GPX等抗氧化酵素活性在劇烈運動後維持穏定狀態，提升抗氧化能力。3. 具有抗發炎效果：降低大鼠高強度耐力運動後肝臟組織中MPO 活性，減緩組織發炎反應。因此，藍膠尤加利精油在實驗動物具有抗疲勞、抗氧化及抗發炎之效果，至於是否能應用於人體及日後商品之開發，則需要更多的實驗研究，加以證實。

Eucalyptus globulus possesses important pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the anti-fatigue, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of eucalyptus essential oil after swimming exercise using an animal model. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were administered eucalyptus oil (200 µL/h) daily via inhalation (15 min), and anti-fatigue effects were assessed following eucalyptus essential oil administration for 2 or 4 weeks when forced to swim until exhaustion while carrying ~5% body weight-equivalent. To assess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, control and oil-treated groups were subjected to swimming, which was intensified from 90 min to 120 min daily over 4 weeks, with non-swimming groups included as controls. The 2- and 4-week-treated rats increased their swimming-to-exhaustion time by 46 s and 111 s, respectively. Additionally, lactate (LA), creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities increased significantly in the non-treated swimming relative to levels observed in the non-swimming groups (p < 0.05); however, no significant differences in these markers were observed between the treated groups. The anti-fatigue effects were related to LA clearance and reduced LDH and CK concentrations. Moreover, compared to the corresponding levels in the non-swimmers, the non-treated swimmers showed markedly elevated levels of liver malondialdehyde (MDA), xanthine oxidase (XO), and other factors, but significantly decreased (p < 0.05) glutathione (GSH) concentrations. However, compared with that of the non-swimmer group, the treated swimming group showed no significant changes in these levels (p > 0.05), suggesting stable XO and MDA production and maintenance of GSH levels. These results suggested that eucalyptus oil aromatherapy increased rat swimming performance and antioxidant capacity and decreased oxidative damage and inflammatory reactions in tissues, indicating good anti-fatigue, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects after high-intensity endurance exercise.

封面內頁
簽名頁
中文摘要…………………………………………………….... iii
英文摘要…………………………………………………….... v
誌謝…………………………………………………………… vii
目錄……………………………………………………............ ix
圖目錄……………………………………………………........ xiii
表目錄……………………………………………………........ xiv
縮寫表…………………………………………….…..………. xv

1. 緒論…………………………………………………............ 1
1.1 問題背景……………………………………………….. 1
1.2 研究之重要性與目的………………………………….. 5
1.3 研究假設……………………………………………….. 6
1.4 研究範圍與限制……………………………………….. 7
1.5 名詞之操作性定義…………………………………….. 7
2. 文獻回顧……………………………………………............ 11
2.1 高強度耐力運動引發的疲勞與能量代謝反應……….. 11
2.1.1 運動與疲勞反應………………………………... 11
2.1.2 運動與能量代謝反應…………………………... 13
2.2 運動之氧化性傷害及發炎反應……………………….. 16
2.2.1 運動與氧化傷害………………………………... 16
2.2.2 運動與抗氧化能力……………………………... 20
2.2.3 運動與發炎反應 .……………………………… 23
2.3 芳香療法...……………………………………………... 25
2.3.1 芳香療法之基本概念...………………………… 25
2.3.2 芳香療法之原理…………………………........... 26
2.3.3 芳香療法於運動科學的研究應用...………….... 29
2.3.4 藍膠尤加利及其生理功能..……………………. 36
2.4 本章總結……………………………………………...... 39
3. 材料與方法………………………………………................ 41
3.1 實驗材料…………………………………….................. 41
3.1.1 實驗動物………………………………………... 41
3.1.2 材料…………………………………………....... 41
3.1.3 儀器設備………………………………………... 42
3.2 實驗方法……………………………………………….. 43
3.2.1 實驗流程………………………………………... 43
3.2.2 實驗設計………………………………………... 45
3.3 生物活性成分分析…………………………………….. 51
3.3.1 增能和抗疲勞指標……………………………... 51
3.3.2 氧化傷害及抗氧化指標………………………... 55
3.3.3 抗發炎指標……………………………………... 57
3.4 統計處理……………………………………………….. 58
4. 結果………………………………………………………… 60
4.1 嗅吸精油劑量測試………………………….................. 60
4.2 藍膠尤加利精油對衰竭運動大鼠增能抗疲勞的影
響…………………………………….............................

62
4.2.1 運動表現………………………………………... 62
4.2.2 藍膠尤加利精油對衰竭運動之血液生化值的變化……………………………………………...

64
4.2.3 藍膠尤加利精油對衰竭運動之肝臟組織的變化………………………………………………...
74
4.3 藍膠尤加利精油對耐力運動後氧化狀態的影響…….. 78
4.3.1 氧化傷害………………………………………... 78
4.3.2 抗氧化能力……………………………………... 84
4.4藍膠尤加利精油對耐力運動後發炎反應的影響….….. 90
4.4.1抗發炎狀態……….……………………………... 90
5. 討論………………………………………………………… 92
5.1 藍膠尤加利精油對衰竭運動大鼠增能抗疲勞的影響.. 92
5.1.1藍膠尤加利精油對大鼠運動表現的影響.……... 92
5.1.2藍膠尤加利精油對衰竭運動之血液生化值的變
化………………………………………..……….

92
5.1.3藍膠尤加利精油對衰竭運動之肝臟組織的變化……..…………………………………….........


98
5.2藍膠尤加利精油對耐力運動後氧化狀態的影響........... 100
5.2.1氧化傷害……………….………………………... 101
5.2.2抗氧化能力…………….………………………... 103
5.3藍膠尤加利精油對耐力運動後發炎反應的影響........... 106
5.3.1抗發炎狀態…………….………………………... 106
6. 結論…………………………………………………............ 107
參考文獻……………………………………………………….
108
附錄一、藍膠尤加利精油成分分析……..…………………….
125

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