臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

政府於 2016 年 8 月提出新南向政策，希望在經貿合作、人才交流、資源共享
及區域鏈結等方面促進台灣和東協、南亞及紐澳等 18 個國家的國際合作，創造互
利共赢的新合作模式。但對國內廠商而言，如何配合政府政策從 18 國中挑選一個
適合的國進行投資合作有其困難。評選投資國家需考慮許多因素，其中有些因素是
質化的，如基礎建設及勞動素質等，有些是量化的，如人均 GDP 及工資等；且因
素間存在不同重要性。因此，評選投資國家屬多準則決策問題。本研究目的即以
ELECTRE 模式來評估新南向政策之相關國家，模式綜合考量質化及量化準則，並
應用層級分析法來分析各準則之重要性。最後以一數值例子驗證所提模式可行性，
並以 AHP 四種權重法作比較分析。研究結果提供國內廠商有意前往該區域國家進
行投資的一個決策參考依據。

Government proposed the new southbound policy in August 2016 to promote international
cooperation with 18 countries including New Zealand, Australia and countries from ASEAN and
south Asia in areas of economic cooperation, exchange of talents, resources share and regional
linkage in order to create a novel model for mutual benefits. However, Taiwan companies have
problems to select a suitable one from the 18 countries to make investment under government
policy. Many criteria must be considered when evaluating these countries, some criteria are
qualitative such as infrastructure and labor quality, some are quantitative such as GDP per capita
and wage, and criteria may have different importance. Thus, evaluating countries for vestment is
a multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate
countries of new southbound policy for investment using an ELECTRE method, in which
qualitative and quantitative criteria are considered, and weights of those criteria are determined
by analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, an example is used to demonstrate feasibility of
the suggested model and the comparison analysis of applying four weight formulas of AHP to the
example is also conducted. Companies which want to make investment in one of these countries
can refer to the research result for making decision.

摘要 .................................................................................................................................iii
Abstract............................................................................................................................iv
目次 ................................................................................................................................. vi
表目錄 ...........................................................................................................................viii
圖目錄 ............................................................................................................................. xi
第一章 緒論 .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 研究動機及背景..................................................................................................... 1
1.2 研究目的................................................................................................................. 1
1.3 研究流程................................................................................................................. 2
第二章 文獻探討 ............................................................................................................ 3
2.1 新南向政策文獻探討............................................................................................ 3
2.1.1 新南向政策發展歷史...................................................................................... 3
2.1.2 新南向政策現今發展...................................................................................... 6
2.1.3 其他相關研究................................................................................................ 10
2.1.4 評選國家介紹................................................................................................ 13
2.2 ELECTRE 文獻探討 ............................................................................................ 23
2.3 AHP 文獻探討...................................................................................................... 26
第三章 研究方法 .......................................................................................................... 30
3.1 ELECTRE 法 ........................................................................................................ 30
3.1.1 ELECTRE 之內涵.......................................................................................... 30
3.1.2 選定準則........................................................................................................ 30
3.1.3 ELECTRE 法演算步驟.................................................................................. 32
3.2 層級分析法.......................................................................................................... 35
vii
3.2.1 層級分析法之內涵........................................................................................ 35
3.2.2 目的與假設.................................................................................................... 35
3.2.3 層級架構........................................................................................................ 36
3.2.4 評估尺度........................................................................................................ 36
3.2.5 AHP 法演算步驟........................................................................................... 38
第四章 數值應用 .......................................................................................................... 41
4.1 ELECTRE 模式計算 ............................................................................................ 42
4.1.1 ELECTRE 建立模式矩陣.............................................................................. 42
4.1.2 AHP 計算權重............................................................................................... 43
4.1.3 AHP 權重之 ELECTRE 模式運算................................................................ 46
4.2 不同 AHP 權重公式數值比較............................................................................ 50
第五章 結論 .................................................................................................................. 57
5.1 研究結論............................................................................................................... 57
5.2 研究限制............................................................................................................... 58
5.3 未來研究方法與建議........................................................................................... 58
參考文獻 ........................................................................................................................ 59
附錄 A............................................................................................................................. 62
列平均值標準化法..................................................................................................... 63
附錄 B............................................................................................................................. 66
行向量和倒數標準化法............................................................................................. 66
附錄 C............................................................................................................................. 69
列向量幾何平均標準化法......................................................................................... 69
附錄 D............................................................................................................................. 62

刁培正(2014)。多準則非凌越解評選方法之探討。東吳大學企業管理學系碩士班碩
士論文。
王小璠(2005)。多準則決策分析。臺中：滄海。
王多姿(2018)，Multi-attribute Decision Model and Its Algorithm for Transportation
Selection。價值工程，第二期，P199 – 201
行政院經貿談判辦公室、國家發展委員會(2016)。新南向政策推動計畫。
行政院新南向政策推動計畫(2016)。https://goo.gl/rD353h
邱奕宏(2017)。探討新南向政策與一帶一路的經貿競爭與合作，貿易政策論叢第二
十八期。
林純羽(2011)。海外直接投資之外溢效果–以東協為例。國立高雄應用科技大學國
際企業系碩士論文。
孫守明(2000)。模糊環境下 ELECTRE 方法之研究。東海大學工業工程研究所碩士
論文。
洪志誠(2016)。臺灣與東協六國進出口貿易之研究。國立高雄大學亞太工商管理學
系碩士在職專班碩士論文。
翁金生(2017)。亞太新情勢與台灣新南向政策的契機：一個台灣中小企業的觀點。
國立中正大學戰略暨國際事務研究所碩士論文。
馬毓駿(2016)。紮紮實實地邁開新南向政策。經濟前瞻，第一百六十七期，P120 -
123。
徐遵慈(2018)。我國新南向政策的執行成果與未來展望。經濟前瞻；第一百七十六
期，P9 - 18。
陳偉勳(2017)。台灣新南向政策探討–以紡織業為例。國立高雄第一科技大學運籌
管理系碩士論文。
60
許福安(2014)。應用模糊層級分析法於選擇大陸或越南投資設廠選評之研究-依 T
公司為例。國立屏東科技大學工業管理系。
張嘉憲(2017)。應用 AHP 探討使用者採用行動支付的考量因素。國立臺北科技大
學資訊與財金管理所 EMBA 專班碩士學位論文。
張譯方(2017)。應用層級分析法(AHP)探討消費者選擇中華電信 MOD 方案的決策
準則。國立中央大學企業管理學系碩士論文。
褚志鵬(2009)。層級分析法(AHP)理論與實作。國立東華大學企業管理學系。東華
大學企業管理學系教學講義。
楊昊(2016)。臺灣新南向政策的格局與路向。全球政治評論，第五十五期，P11-18。
經 濟 部 國 貿 局 ， 新 南 向 政 策 專 網 (2017) ，
http://www.newsouthboundpolicy.tw/index.aspx。
鄭心瑜(2011)。以 ELECTRE III 法發展綠色供應商評選程序。國立清華大學工業工
程與工程管理學系碩士論文。
鄭裕霖(2016)。以方法探討台灣連鎖便利店與量販店之選址因素分析。國立東華大
學企業管理學系碩士論文。
劉柷宏(2017)。新南向政策對上市櫃公司股價異常報酬之研究：以越概股與中概股
為例。國立東華大學國際企業學系碩士在職專班碩士論文。
蘇信達(2014)。以層級分析法探討微型創業鳳凰貸款評估因素。元智大學管理碩士
在職專班碩士論文。
Agrebi, M., Abed, M. Omri, M.N. (2017). ELECTRE I based relevance decisionmakers
feedback to the location selection of distribution centers. Journal of Advanced
Transportation, 1-19, Article ID 7131094.
Chen, M.Y. Perng, Y.S. (2016), An AHP Approach to Investigating the Financial
Decision-making of Start-up Cosmetics Companies, Applied Science and
Management Research, 3 (1), 131-147.
Chhipi-Shrestha G, Hewage K. Sadiq R. (2017). Selecting sustainability indicators for
61
small to medium sized urban water systems using fuzzy-ELECTRE, Water
Environment Research, 89 (3), 238-249.
Emrouznejad, A. Marra, M. (2017). The state of the art development of AHP (1979–
2017): A literature review with a social network analysis, International Journal of
Production and Research, 55 (22), 6653-6675.
Govindan, K. Jepsen, M.B., (2016). ELECTRE: A comprehensive literature review on
methodologies and applications, European Journal of Operational Research, 250, 1-
29.
Hacıoğlu, H.İ, Arı, A., Özkan, A., Elbir, T., Tuncel, G., Yay, O.D. Gaga, E.O. (2016).
A new approach for site selection of air quality monitoring stations: multi-criteria
decision-making, Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 16 (6), 1390-1402.
Saaty, T.L. (1990), How to make a decision: The Analytic Hierarchy Process, European
Journal of Operational research, 48 (1), 9-26.
Van, K.P. (2015). Evaluating the optimal outsourcing service country in the Southeast
Asian region: The comparison between the AHP and the fuzzy AHP approach,
Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Asia University, Taiwan.
Wang, Y.J., Han, T.C. Chou, M.T. (2016). Applying fuzzy AHP in selection of transport
modes for Kinmen military logistics, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 24
(2), 222-232.