臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近幾年分散式系統衍生的雲端運算（Cloud Computing）技術興起，更多的網路資源分配、加值網路服務和服務管理的需求出現，新的網路服務概念服務功能鏈（Service Function Chain, SFC）因此被提出；各家廠商設備獨具一格，促使傳統網路基礎架構的轉變。軟體定義網路（Software Defined Network, SDN）為開放式網路架構，目的將實體複雜的網路轉變成虛擬、可程式化的架構。OpenFlow協定為目前實現軟體定義網路架構主流的技術，透過OpenFlow集中式、可程式化的網路管理，增加網路靈活性。本論文設計VLAN and OpenFlow based Service Function Chain（VOFSFC）系統，並提出服務功能佈署機制，藉此增加網路服務佈署之彈性，減少網路資源消耗。
本論文透過虛擬區域網路（VLAN）之技術開發VLAN of Path adoption機制，識別不同需求之流量，進行流量之轉向與傳送，對於各種流量紀錄完整的資訊。另外，針對網路服務功能部署位置開發GARCH and K-Means Service Function Placement（GKMSFP）機制，將服務功能分群佈署，達到降低網路設備之負載。本論文實驗結果顯示，所提出之VOPSFC機制能夠適用於SDN網路架構，並提供高彈性與靈活性的網路管理，而使用GKMSFP演算法進行服務功能佈署，在一般情境下會比未使用分群機制減少45.6%的網路資源消耗，顯示本機制可以在SFC系統負載過高情況下進行服務功能佈署，降低網路負載。

In recent years, as growth of the cloud computing technology, more demand for network resources allocation and management of value-added services are appeared. The new concept of network service architecture, Service Function Chain (SFC), has been proposed. The specification of various vendor equipments is unique, prompts the traditional network to change. The purpose of Software-Defined Network (SDN) is to change the physical, complex network into a virtual, programmable and open network architecture. OpenFlow protocol is the most common technology for SDN architecture. The Network management can be more flexible by the centralized and programable property of OpenFlow. VLAN and OpenFlow based Service Function Chain (VOFSFC) and services deployment mechanism are proposed to improve the flexibility of the network service deployment and reduce the consumption of network resources.
VOFSFC use the virtual LAN (VLAN) technology to develop VLAN of Path adoption mechanism. It can identify different requirements of network traffic, steer/deliver packets to service functions and record information of the traffic. In addition, consider the placement of service functions, develop and propose GARCH and K-Means Service Function Placement (GKMSFP) mechanism to cluster and deploy service functions for reduce the load of network resources. The results shows the proposed VOPSFC system can provide high elasticity and flexibility for the network management, and the proposed GKMSFP mechanism can reduce 45.6% network resource consumption from the general situation which without cluster mechanism. It shows that mechanisms can reduce the traffic load of network in the SFC system.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 概要 1
1.2 研究動機 4
1.3 研究目的 5
1.4 論文架構 5
第二章 背景知識與相關研究 7
2.1 Software-Defined Networking and OpenFlow 7
2.2 服務功能鏈（Service Function Chain） 14
2.3 服務功能之佈署（Service Function Placement） 19
2.4 GARCH與K-Means 22
2.4.1 GARCH 22
2.4.2 K-Means 23
2.5 相關文獻比較 24
第三章 研究方法 27
3.1 系統架構與設計 27
3.1.1 Packet Handler模組 32
3.1.2 Network Element Information Maintenance模組 33
3.1.3 VLAN Table Maintenance模組 33
3.1.4 SFC Database模組 34
3.1.5 VLAN of Path Adoption模組 39
3.1.6 Service Function Path Construction模組 40
3.1.7 Flow Rules Production模組 40
3.1.8 Flow Modification模組 41
3.1.9 Service Function Paths Capture模組 42
3.1.10 VLAN and Path ID Translation模組 42
3.1.11 Paths Statistics and Prediction模組 43
3.1.12 Service Function Cluster模組 43
3.2 系統運作流程與機制 44
3.2.1 系統假設與定義 44
3.2.2 資料符號表 45
3.2.3 系統模組運作流程 50
3.2.4 VOFSFC系統功能與VLAN of Path Adoption機制運作流程 58
3.2.5 GKMSFP機制與預測及分群演算法運作流程 62
3.3 系統實作 70
第四章 實驗與討論 75
4.1 情境一：服務功能之附加 76
4.1.1 實驗一：VLAN ID of Path Adoption機制進行VLAN ID之採用 76
4.1.2 實驗二：服務功能路徑封包透過OpenFlow之傳送與轉向 79
4.1.3 實驗三：VLAN ID of Path Adoption機制延展性 82
4.1.4 實驗四：VLAN ID of Path Adoption機制之Flow table使用 83
4.1.5 實驗五：VOFSFC控制平台之功能 84
4.2 情境二：服務功能路徑之流量預測 86
4.2.1 實驗六：服務功能路徑流量之識別與流量統計 87
4.2.2 實驗七：GKMSFP機制預測服務功能路徑之流量 90
4.2.3 實驗八：GARCH模型預測服務功能路徑之流量 93
4.2.4 實驗九：EWMA預測模型預測服務功能路徑之流量 97
4.3 情境三：服務功能佈署之決策 102
4.3.1 實驗十：GKMSFP機制進行服務功能佈署 103
4.3.2 實驗十一：Greedy演算法進行複功能佈署 104
4.3.3 實驗十二：乒乓效應之預防 106
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 109
5.1 結論研究 109
5.2 研究限制 110
5.3 未來方向 110
參考文獻 112

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