臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文利用外來資訊轉換圖 (Extrinsic Information Transfer Chart，EXIT- Chart) 聯合設計調變器映射規則 (Labeling) 與外部編碼器以增進位元交錯調變碼之迭代解碼系統 (Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation with Iterative Decoding，BICM-ID) 的性能。針對均勻的調變星座，我們提出一個有系統的調變星座映射規則的設計方法以得到一組具有好的外來資訊轉換圖特性的映射規則；對每一種外部編碼器皆可以從中選擇出一個最理想的映射規則，使解調器和解碼器的轉換特性曲線能相交在外來資訊轉換圖上越遠的位置而且讓區線間的通道能夠打開以達到理想的錯誤率。我們還擴展此映射規則設計方法到多維度的調變星座上，多維度調變星座將一群位元映射到一組以一維度星座調變的符號使系統的設計上具有更高的彈性與潛在性能的提升。經由模擬結果證實我們的設計比傳統的設計提供了卓越的訊雜比增益

In this thesis, constellation labeling is jointly designed with the outer code by using an EXIT-chart based analysis to improve the performance of bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding (BICM-ID). A systematic design method is proposed to obtain a set of labelings with good EXIT-chart characteristics for the regular one-dimensional (complex) modulation. Given an outer code, the best matched labeling can be employed to improve the BER performance. Furthermore, the method is extended to the multi-dimensional modulation case, where a group of bits are mapped to a vector of one-dimensional complex symbols. This general mapping strategy allows for more flexibility and potential performance improvements. Verified by the simulation results, our design provides a significant SNR gain over the conventional ones.

Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1-1 Thesis Contributions 4
1-2 Thesis Organization 5
Chapter 2 System Model 6
2-1 Transmitter 7
2-2 Channel model 8
2-3 Receiver 9
2-3-1 Demapper 9
2-3-2 Decoder 11
Chapter 3 Exit-Chart Based Analysis 12
3-1 Transfer Characteristics of Demapper 12
3-2 Transfer Characteristics of Decoder 16
3-3 Design Guideline Based on EXIT-chart 17
Chapter 4 One-dimensional Labeling Design 21
4-1 Design criteria 21
4-1-1 Without A Priori Information 22
4-1-2 Ideal A Priori Information 24
4-1-2-1 AWGN Channels 24
4-1-2-2 Rayleigh Fading Channels 26
4-2 Design Method 28
4-3 Proposed Labelings 31
4-3-1 8-PSK 31
4-3-2 16-QAM 33
4-3-3 64-QAM 35
4-4 Simulation Results 37
Chapter 5 Multi-dimensional Labeling Design 47
5-1 Design Criteria 48
5-1-1 Multi-dimensional Mapping over Spatial Domain 48
5-1-1-1 Without A Priori Information 48
5-1-1-2 Ideal A Priori Information 50
5-1-2 Multi-dimensional Mapping over Time Domain 52
5-1-2-1 Without A Priori Information 52
5-1-2-2 Ideal A Priori Information 52
5-2 Design Method 56
5-3 Proposed Labelings 57
5-3-1 Multi-dimensional Mapping over Spatial Domain 57
5-3-1-1 N BPSK 59
5-3-1-2 N QPSK 62
5-3-1-3 N 8-PSK 64
5-3-1-4 N 16-QAM 65
5-3-2 Multi-dimensional Mapping over Time Domain 66
5-3-2-1 N BPSK 67
5-3-2-2 N QPSK 72
5-3-2-3 N 8-PSK 75
5-3-2-4 N 16-QAM 77
5-4 Simulation Results 79
5-4-1 Multi-dimensional Mapping over Spatial Domain 79
5-4-2 Multi-dimensional Mapping over Time Domain 87
Chapter 6 Conclusions 96
Reference 97

[1] G. Ungerboeck, “Channel coding with multilevel/phase signals,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. 28, pp. 55–67, Jan. 1982.
[2] Divsalar D and Simon M K., “The design of trellis coded MPSK for fading channel: Performance criteria,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 36, Issue: 9, pp.1004-1012, Sep. 1988
[3] E. Zehavi, “Eight-PSK trellis codes for a Rayleigh channel,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 40, pp. 873-884, May 1992.
[4] G. Caire, G. Taricco, and E. Biglieri, “Bit-interleaved coded modulation,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. 44, pp. 927-945, May 1998.
[5] X. Li and J. A. Ritcey, “Trellis coded modulation with bit interleaving and iterative decoding,” IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol. 17, pp.715-724,1999.
[6] A. Chindapol and J. A. Ritcey, “Design, analysis, and performance evaluation for BICM-ID with square QAM constellations in Rayleigh fading channels,” IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol. 19, pp. 944-957, May 2001.
[7] X. Li, A. Chindapol, and J.A. Ritcey, “Bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding and 8PSK signaling,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.50, no.8, pp.1250–1257, Aug. 2002.
[8] S. ten Brink, “Convergence of iterative decoding,” Electron. Lett., vol. 35, pp. 806-808, May 1999.
[9] S. ten Brink, “Designing iterative decoding schemes with the extrinsic information transfer chart”, AEU Int. J. Electron Commun., vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 389-398, Dec. 2000.
[10] A. Sezgin and E. A. Jorswieck, “Impact of the mapping strategy on the performance of APP decoded space-time block codes,” IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 53, pp. 4685-4690, Dec. 2005.
[11] F. Schreckenbach, N. Gortz, J. Hagenauer, and G. Bauch, “Optimization of symbol mappings for bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol 7, no 12, pp. 593-595, Dec. 2003
[12] Y. Huang, J.A. Ritcey, “Optimal constellation labeling for iteratively decoded bit-interleaved space-time coded modulation,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory , vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 1865–1871, May 2005.
[13] Qi Xin, Zhao Ming, Zhou Shidong, Wang Jing, “Multi-dimensional MPSK for iterative demapping over AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels”, VTC 2005-Spring. 2005 IEEE 61st, pp. 581-586, May 2005.
[14] Qi X, Zhao M, Zhou S, Wang J , “Multidimensional modulation used in BICM-ID,” ELECTRONICS LETTERS, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 140-142, FEB 3 2005
[15] F. Simoens, H. Wymeersch, H. Bruneel, M. Moeneclaey, “Multi-dimension Mapping for Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation with BPSK/QPSK signaling,” IEEE Commun. Lett., Vol. 9, No. 5, pp. 453-455, May 2005
[16] N.H. Tran and H.H. Nguyen, “Design and performance of BICM-ID systems with hypercube constellations,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol.5, no.5, pp.1169–1179, May 2006.
[17] F. Simoens, H. Wymeersch and M. Moeneclaey, “Spatial Mapping for MIMO systems,” in IEEE Information Theory Workshop proceedings, Oct. 2004.
[18] N. Gresset, J.J. Boutros and L. Brunel, “Multi-Dimensional Mappings for Iteratively Decoded BICM on Multiple Antenna Channels,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. 51, no. 9, pp. 3337–3346, Sept. 2005.
[19] L. R. Bahl, J. Cocke, F. Jelinek, and J. Raviv, “Optimal decoding of linear codes for minimizing symbol error rate,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. 20, pp.284-287, Mar. 1974.
[20] S. ten Brink, “Convergence Behavior of Iterative Decoded Parallel Concatenated Codes,” IEEE Trans. Comm., vol. 49, no. 10, pp. 1727-1737, Oct. 2001.
[21] A. Boronka, J. Speidel, “A low complexity MIMO system based on BLAST and iterative anti-gray-demapping,” IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), Sept. 2003.
[22] C. Berrou, A. Glavieux and P. Thitimajshima, “Near Shannon limit error-correcting coding and decoding: turbo-codes (1),” Proc. IEEE ICC, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 1064-1070, May 1993.
[23] C. Berrou and A. Glavieux, “Near optimum error correcting coding and decoding : turbo-codes,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 1261–1271, 1996.
[24] J. Tan and G. L. Stuber, “Analysis and design of symbol mappers for iteratively decoded BICM,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commu, vol 4, pp.662-672, Mar. 2005
[25] N.S Muhammad., J.Speidel, “Joint optimization of signal constellation and bit labeling for bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 9, no. 9, pp. 775∼777, Sept. 2005.
[26] S.S. Pietrobon, R.H. Deng, A. Lafanechere, G. Ungerboeck and D.J. Costello, “Trellis-Coded Multidimensional Phase Modulation,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 63~89, Jan. 1990.
[27] Y. Huang, J.A. Ritcey, “Tight BER Bounds for Iteratively Decoded Bit-Interleaved Space-Time Coded Modulation,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 153~155, Mar. 2004.