臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文實現以行動裝置為基礎之可見光通訊系統(Visible Light Communication)，該系統包含傳送端與接收端，其中傳送端以高亮度LED(Light-emitting diode)作為傳輸媒介傳送資料，並使用ULN2803達靈頓電晶體陣列晶片設計LED驅動器，傳送端文字使用曼徹斯特編碼(Manchester coding)避免傳送位元0與位元1資料的時間過長而造成的燈光閃爍問題。接收端使用行動裝置內建之相機擷取可見光訊號，並透過影像處理的方式進行訊號解調，得到傳送端之原始資料。完成之可見光通訊系統經過功能驗證與實驗結果顯示所提出之影像處理演算法可以成功解調傳送端所發送的可見光訊號，並將解調結果顯示於行動裝置之螢幕上。本論文除了完成可見光通訊系統亦將此技術應用於電子鎖上，完成一個可見光通訊電子鎖，展現本論文技術之創新應用。

In this thesis, we design and implement a visible light communication (VLC) system that bases on a mobile device. The proposed VLC system includes a transmitter and a receiver. In the transmitter, we use high power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as medium to transmit data, and employ ULN2803 Darlington transistor arrays chip as the LED driver. To avoid light flicker caused by transmitting too many consecutive bits of ‘0’ or bits ‘1’, the data is encoded by the Manchester encoding technique. The receiver captures the visible light signals by using the camera of mobile device. The captured signals are demodulated by using an image processing method. According to the experimental results, the designed image processing method has been demodulated that the VLC transmission signals can be demodulated successfully and be displayed on a mobile phone. In addition to realizing a VLC system, we also apply the proposed VLC technology to design an electronic locker. This innovated application shows some contribution of this thesis.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 v
表目錄 vii
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究內容與方法 2
1.3 章節介紹 4
第二章 可見光通訊文獻探討與應用工具介紹 5
2.1 可見光通訊文獻探討 5
2.2 硬體裝置與函式庫介紹 10
2.2.1 Android行動裝置 10
2.2.2 IMX298影像感測器 11
2.2.3 Camera2 API 12
2.2.4 Raspberry Pi嵌入式系統 13
2.2.5 Raspberry Pi相機模組 14
2.2.6 WiringPi函式庫 15
2.2.7 OpenCV函式庫 16
2.2.8 Qt Graphical User Interface 16
第三章 以行動裝置為基礎之可見光通訊系統設計與實現 17
3.1 系統架構 17
3.2 傳送端設計 18
3.2.1 硬體電路設計 18
3.2.2 曼徹斯特編碼 20
3.2.3 封包資料格式 20
3.3 接收端設計 21
3.3.1 CMOS影像感測器成像原理 21
3.3.2 訊號接收與解調流程 23
3.4 使用者介面設計 25
3.5 可見光通訊系統實現與功能測試 26
3.5.1 記憶體寫入與讀取測試 26
3.5.2 可見光通訊系統資料傳輸測試結果 28
第四章 可見光通訊電子鎖設計 30
4.1 系統架構 30
4.2 傳送端設計 30
4.3 接收端設計 32
4.3.1 硬體電路設計 32
4.3.2 軟體流程設計 33
4.4 系統介面設計 35
4.5 可見光通訊電子鎖實現與功能測試 35
4.5.1 變更電子鎖密碼 36
4.5.2 解鎖功能測試 37
4.5.3 輸入密碼錯誤 39
第五章 結論 41
參考文獻 42

[1]Visible light communication market 2019 global industry growth analysis, https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/visible-light-communication-market-2019-global-industry-growth-analysis-segmentation-size-share-trend-future-demand-and-leading-players-updates-by-forecast-to-2023-2019-06-11
[2]Shlomi Arnon, Visible light communication, Cambridge University, 2015.
[3]Arcand Kimberly and Watzke Megan, Light:the visible spectrum and beyond, Black Dog & Leventhal, 2015.
[4]Suchitra Jeenawong and Sithichai Jeenawong, “Demonstration of visible light text data transmission system using LED lamp,” in Proc. IEEE 2015 Interational Conference on Control,Automation and Systems (ICCAS), pp.439-442, Oct. 2015.
[5]Noof Al Abdulsalam, Raya Al Hajri, Zahra Al Abri, Zainab Al Lawati and Mohammed M. Bait-Suwailam, “Design and implementation of a vehicle to vehicle communication system using Li-Fi technology,” in Proc. IEEE 2015 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Research (ICTRC), pp.136-139, May 2015.
[6]Hideki Aoyama and Mitsuaki Oshima, “Visible light communication using a conventional image sensor,” in Proc. IEEE 2015 Consumer Communication and Networking Conference (CCNC), pp.103-108, Jan. 2015.
[7]Christos Danakis, Mostafa Afgani, Gordon Povey, Ian Underwood and Harald Haas, “Using a CMOS camera sensor for visible light communication,” in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (OWC’12), pp.1244-1248, Dec. 2012.
[8]SONY, “Diagonal 6.521 mm(Type 1/2.8) 16Mega-pixel CMOS image sensor with square pixel for color cameras,” IMX298 product brief, Feb. 2016.
[9]王安邦，Android 8.X App 開發之鑰：使用Java及Android Studio，深石，2018。
[10]Gay and Warren, Advanced Raspberry Pi: Raspbian Linux and GPIO Integration, Apress, 2018.
[11]SONY, “Diagonal 4.6 mm (Type 1/4.0) 8.08M-effective pixel color CMOS image sensor,” IMX219PQ product brief, April 2014.
[12]MEGAWIN, “8-bit microcontroller”, MPC82G516A datasheet, Dec. 2008.
[13]Texas Instruments, “Darlington transistor arrays,” ULN2803A datasheet, Jan. 2016.
[14]STMicroelectronics, “1.2 V to 37 V adjustable voltage regulators,” LM317T datasheet, May 2018.
[15]Texas Instruments, “Positive-voltage regulators,” LM7805 datasheet, May 2003.
[16]Texas Instruments, “800-mA low-dropout linear regulator,” LM1117 datasheet, Jan. 2016.
[17]Winbond, “3V 32M-bit serial flash memory with DUAL/QUAD SPI & QPI,” W25Q32FV datasheet, Oct. 2015.
[18]CREE, “Extreme high power (XHP) class of LEDs,” XLamp XHP50 datasheet.
[19]H. Aoyama and M. oshima, “Line scan sampling for visible light communication: theory and practice,” in proc. IEEE 2015 International Conference on Communication (2015 IEEE ICC), pp. 5060-5065, June 2015.
[20]Salil Kapur and Nisarg Thakkar, Mastering OpenCV android application programming, Packt Publishing, 2015
[21]柯聖浩、張英彬，LED驅動器設計實務，儒林，2012。
[22]邏輯林，程式設計與生活-使用C語言，全華，2013。
[23]李博明，Debian Linux作業系統實務，滄海，2012。
[24]劉冰、趙廷濤、邵文豪、孫興義，Linux系統程式設計-使用C，上奇，2010。