臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近幾年間，可攜式產品已經成為了人人不可或缺的必備工具，例如手機、衛星定位系統、PDA或數位相機等，都成為了市場上主流的電子產品。為了充分滿足智慧型手機及其他電池供電多媒體設備的需求，利用高效率的電源管理技術來達到延長使用電池續航力的功能，就成為了一項很重要的議題。
為了可以有效使用電池的所有能量轉換，直流-直流轉換器必須可以工作在電壓範圍廣的供應電源之下，所以輸出電壓可能高於也可能低於輸入電壓時，故只有採用升降壓轉換器才能符合上述的要求。
本論文實現一個應用在電池供給可攜式設備系統之具有高效率和平穩切換模式的電流模式升降壓直流-直流轉換器，以節省成本、縮小體積、整合度高的目標。控制器會偵測目前電池輸入電壓以及設定輸出電壓自行調變在降壓、升壓，並可在模式轉換期間使得輸出電壓平穩而不受影響。此轉換器以台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司點二五微米互補式金氧製程來實現，輸入電壓範圍從4.8伏特到2.7伏特，其負載範圍從50毫安培到400毫安培，此外轉換器操作在1M赫茲。

Recently, portable devices such as mobile phones, GPS, PDAs and digital cameras have become necessities of life, the mainstream of the market of electronic products. In order to extend the battery life of these battery-powered multimedia devices, high-efficiency power management techniques are urgently demanded.
One intuitive method is to use all the battery energy. Since the input voltage of battery might be higher or lower than the input voltage, the DC - DC converter must be able to work in a wide input voltage range. Therefore, the buck-boost converter is a solution.
This thesis proposes an application of portable devices in the battery supply system with high efficiency and smooth switching modes of current-mode buck boost DC - DC converter, to achieve cost savings, reduce the size, integrated high goals. Controller detects the current battery voltage and output voltage set their own modulation in buck, boost, and the mode conversion period of the output voltage stable and not affected. This converter is implemented in TSMC 1P3M 0.25-μm CMOS technology. The input voltage ranges from 2.7 to 4.8V for Li-ion battery and the load current range from 50mA to 400mA. In addition, the switching frequency is designed as 1 MHz.

Chapter 1 1
Introduction 1
1.1 Power Management System 2
1.2 Classification of Voltage Regulators 4
1.2.1 Charge Pump 4
1.2.2 Linear Regulator 5
1.2.3 Switching Regulator 7
1.2.4 Comparison 8
1.3 Motivation 9
1.4 Thesis Organization 9
Chapter 2 10
Basic Knowledge of Buck-Boost Switching Regulator 10
2.1Topologies of Buck-Boost DC-DC Converter 10
2.1.1 Flyback Converter 11
2.1.2 Boost Converter Cascaded with Linear Regulator 12
2.1.3 Cuk Converter 13
2.1.4 Single-Ended-Primary-Inductance Converter 14
2.1.5 Non-inverting Buck-Boost Converter 15
2.1.6 Comparison 16
2.2 Modulation Technologies 17
2.2.1 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) 17
2.2.2 Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) 18
2.3 Small Signal Modeling of Current Mode with Buck Operation and Boost Operation in Continuous Conduction Mode 19
2.3.1 Buck Operation in Continuous Conduction Mode 19
2.3.2 Boost Operation in Continuous Conduction Mode 22
2.4 Analysis of current mode control 24
2.4.1 Current control method 25
2.4.2 Sub-harmonic Oscillation analyzes with PCC and VCC Method 26
2.4.3 Ramp Compensation with PCC an VCC 29
2.4.4 Compensators of DC-DC Converter 33
Chapter 3 34
Topology of the Current Mode Buck Boost DC-DC Converter with Smooth Transition Technique 34
3.1 The method of the Current-Mode Buck-Boost Converter 35
3.2 The method of the Smooth Transition Technique 38
3.2.1 Self-tuning Pulse Skipping 39
3.2.2 Dynamically Adaptive Ramp 42
3.3 The Analysis of Slope Compensation for Buck Mode with PCC and Boost Mode with VCC 47
Chapter 4 48
Circuit Implementation 48
4.1 Current Sensing Circuit 49
4.2 The Implementation of Maximum Power Selector 50
4.3 Compensator 51
4.4 Mode Detector 52
4.5 The Implementation of Dynamically Adaptive Ramp Saw-Tooth Generator 54
Chapter5 57
System of Current Mode Buck Boost DC-DC Converter with High Efficiency and Smooth Transition Technique Simulation Results, Conclusions and Future Work 57
5.1 Simulation Results 57
5.2 Conclusions 63
5.3 Future Work 64
Reference 65

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