臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

各行各業中產業群聚的現象，在台灣已相當的普遍，廠商因生產相同或類似產品，產生了水平及垂直的上下游關係，互相競爭與合作，彼此聚集在某一區域內，產生連結及群聚的現象。如此可利用相近的地理位置進行資訊的交流及資源的交換，促使成員間建立長遠且穩定的合作關係，以共存共榮方式提升營運績效及產業的競爭力。就印刷產業而言，群聚效應亦帶來相當大的正面影響，群聚環境內的業者，因身處不同的產業價值鏈層級，因此各自擁有不同的經營策略及目標考量，運用不同的製造策略及外包模式，不僅節省了大量的成本及資源的浪費，更帶來靈活的彈性及整合的行銷網絡關係，使業者帶來極大的收益及獲利。
本研究主要探討價值鏈層級、製造策略、外包模式及產業群聚效應等各個變項間之關聯性及影響性。本研究選擇國內平版印刷產業做為實證研究對象，採用問卷調查法，共發出572份問卷進行調查，回收125份有效問卷，再以單因子變異數分析、因素分析及相關分析等方法進行資料分析。研究結果發現：(1)印刷產業群聚主要形成因素係上、下游廠商呈現高度關聯性而形成群聚現象，其主要之效益係群聚環境內上、下游廠商可強化專業化分工與互補。(2)產業特性對於產業群聚主要形成因素的認知具有顯著之差異性，且價值鏈層級對製造策略及外包模式具有顯著之影響。(3)印刷產業製造策略與其所採用外包模式之間具有顯著的關聯性，它們同時對產業群聚之成本、彈性及關係效應具有顯著之影響。

It is a common phenomenon of industrial clustering for various businesses in Taiwan. Since the manufacturers from up-and-down stream may produce the same or similar products, they have either vertical or horizontal relations leading to compete or cooperate mutually and forming the phenomenon of linking and clustering with partners. By using the advantage of close geographic location, the manufacturers can exchange their resources and information to build a stable long-term cooperation relationship among partners, and enhance their operating performance and competitiveness. For the printing industry, there is a positive impact on clustering effect. The partners within the cluster may lie at different hierarchy of value chain with different operational strategies and goals. They adopt individual manufacturing strategies and outsourcing models to reduce manufacturing costs and the waste of resource. This further forms an integrated network which is agile and flexible among the members to attain lots of substantial merits and profits.
The main purposes of current study are to investigate the relationship and influence of the variables including the hierarchy of value chain, manufacturing strategies, outsourcing models and clustering effects. The study chose the printing industry as example to perform an empirical study by conducting a questionnaire survey. For analyzing the data, the researcher adopted some statistical methods to test the variances, latent factors, and correlations among variables. The findings indicate that the clustering phenomenon of printing industry is formed by the highly correlated dependent relations of a variety of manufacturing characteristics. The benefits of the clustering are from the up and down stream manufacturer’s specialization and complementary. The industrial attributes may influence the cognition of practitioners about the forming factors of clustering phenomenon, and the hierarchy of value chain may affect firm’s manufacturing strategies and outsourcing models. Besides, firm’s manufacturing strategies are related to their outsourcing models, and significantly affect the clustering effects of cost, flexibility, and relationship.

謝　誌 I
摘 要 II
Abstract IV
目 錄 VI
表 目 錄 VIII
圖 目 錄 IX
第一章　緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機 6
第二章　文獻探討 12
第一節 製造策略 12
第二節 外包模式 19
第三節 產業群聚效應 28
第三章 研究方法 55
第一節 研究方法及步驟 55
第二節 研究範圍及對象 57
第三節 研究架構 57
第四節 研究假說 58
第五節 操作性定義與問卷設計 63
第六節 抽樣方法及前測回收 69
第七節 資料分析方法 73
第四章 研究結果 76
第一節 問卷回收與樣本結構 76
第二節 描述統計分析結果 79
第三節 因素分析及信度分析結果 85
第四節 群聚形成因素與價值鏈層級及企業基本資料之關係 89
第五節 研究假說檢定結果 92
第六節 實際訪談驗證結果 98
第七節 管理意涵 105
第五章 結論與建議 108
第一節 研究總結 108
第二節 研究建議 111
第三節 研究限制 114
第四節 後續研究 115
參考文獻 116
一、中文部分 116
二、英文部份 118
附錄一　修正前問卷 123
附錄二　修改後問卷 126

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