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Among the nine free trade agreements (FTA)s that were signed by the Republic of China, R.O.C.(Taiwan), the "Agreement between New Zealand and the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu on Economic Cooperation " (ANZTEC) signed with New Zealand on July 10, 2013 is the first one with the developed country and thus can serve as a benchmark for future negotitaions. In addition, the ASEAN+N model of the ASEAN 10 countries continued to ferment with CPTPP and RCEP coming into effect. Facing the continuous development of FTAs, if R.O.C.(Taiwan) cannot break down its trade discrimination consequences and crowding out difficulties, there will be great impacts on future international market expansion and industrial development. Based on the economic and ethnic perspectives, this study aims to explore the impact of R.O.C.(Taiwan)''s active signing of FTAs on the indigenous quinoa industry as a reference for future negotiations on the indigenous cooperation chapter. To conduct the analysis, this study uses literature review to understand the results of the free trade related researh on the indigenous people in R.O.C.(Taiwan), New Zealand and the ASEAN. Bilateral Revealed Comparative Advantage Index and Trade Complementarity Index are calculated on quinoa export and the results show that Taiwan’s quinoa industry has a significant weak export competitiveness to New Zealand as its detination market. The interviews with domestic production and trading companies are also conducted to understand the reasons and related experiences. In general, signing the ANZTEC have insignificant impacts on the indigenous industry, but it has potential to increase the relative competitiveness of exports to the 10 ASEAN countries. Therefore, when the government tries to promote the indigenous industry in the international market, in addition to the proper usage of the right of consultation and consent of ANZTEC to balance the cultural heritage and economic development issues, it must also strengthen the trading capacities of the indigenous products through signing agreements with the traders at the same time.
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