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研究生:吳圍琳
研究生(外文):Wu,Wei Lin
論文名稱:校園常見的噪音干擾—以新北市某國小為例
論文名稱(外文):Common Noise Interference on Campus – A case study in an Elementary School in New Taipei City
指導教授:華梅英華梅英引用關係
指導教授(外文):Mei-Yin Hwa
口試委員:林正鄰黃錦明
口試委員(外文):LIN,ZHENG-LINHUANG,JIN-MING
口試日期:2018-06-30
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:東南科技大學
系所名稱:營建科技與防災研究所在職專班
學門:工程學門
學類:土木工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2018
畢業學年度:106
語文別:中文
論文頁數:94
中文關鍵詞:噪音校園
外文關鍵詞:noiseampus
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依據行政院環境保護署的統計,噪音陳情案件的數量逐年攀升,對於老師及學生來說,感受最深的莫屬於處於噪音不絕的環境裡。校園是傳授知識、教導解惑最重要的場所之一,首重學習環境之寧靜,以利教與學之成效。但隨著時代的演變,學校漸漸充斥各種噪音,對教學產生了不利的影響,更直接危害到教師及學生的身心健康。
本研究旨在探討校園常見之噪音來源及音量。為掌握確切狀況,研究以新北市某國小校園為對象,分別於三處不同地點架設噪音計,量測上午、中午與晚上之音量。所得的數據運用excel之統計與分析軟體彙整計算,再用圖表方式呈現教室內在不同背景環境下的音量變化情形。借此了解校園師生是否常處於高噪音之環境下教與學。
研究結果顯示在上午有全學生活動之均能音量值大多在70~80 dB(A);下午僅有中、高年級綜合各時段和地點噪音值在56-70 dB(A)間;晚上無學生活動則在52~58 dB(A)間,受鄰近之捷運廣場是否有活動影響。本期間若有高達80 dB(A)以上主要為施工噪音。因此可知校園噪音除施工外,校內學生也是校園噪音的重要來源。另外消防警報器的設置、校園建築設計不良、校園鐘聲、廣播聲也是另一種噪音源,和鄰近的噪音皆會破壞校園寧靜,不管是突發性噪音或是持續性噪音,師生在未防範的情形處於高分貝的環境下,對身心健康及聽力皆有不當影響。

Noise complaints have continued to increase yearly according to statistics from the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA), Executive Yuan. This is also the case in schools where teachers and students alike have experienced increasing noise in their surroundings. Tranquility in schools is of primary importance for teaching and learning. However, school environments have changed and are gradually being saturated with excessive noise levels. This disadvantages teaching and learning, as well as harms the health and minds of teachers and students.
The aim of this study is to examine common noise sources and sound levels in schools. The study targeted an elementary school in New Taipei City in which the audiometers have been set up to measure sound levels in three classroom locations in three periods, namely mornings, afternoons and evenings. To understand whether teachers and students usually teach and learn under a high noise level environment, data collected through audiometers has been processed in a way of analysis and statistics by the soft program, Excel, and then use diagrams to show the changes of classroom noise levels in different background sounds.
Results showed that the Equivalent sound level (Leq) landed between 70 and 80 dB(A) while all the school teachers and students conducted activities in the morning. The Leq dropped to between 55 and 65 concerning to each locastion and period while only 3th grade to 6th grade students attended classes in the afternoon. In addition, due to there being no class activities at night, the Leq decreased slightly to between 52 and 58 and this was affected by the activities held in an MRT station near the campus. The main cause of Leq rising to up to 80 dB(A) was construction noise. Thus, it can be seen that as well as noise from school students, one of the major noise sources on campus is construction noise. In addition to noise from the surrounding neighborhood, another finding is that the poor design of school buildings, bells, alarms, and broadcasting increase the sound levels in the school. Exposure to high Decibel environment without any protection for school teachers and students affects their body and mind, and hearings as well – no matter if it is an impulse noise or continuous noise.

中文摘要 ..................................................................................................................................... i
英文摘要 .................................................................................................................................... ii
謝 誌 ....................................................................................................................................... iii
目 錄 ........................................................................................................................................ v
表目錄 ...................................................................................................................................... vii
圖目錄 ..................................................................................................................................... viii
第一章 緒論 .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 研究動機 ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 研究目的 ............................................................................................................................. 2
1.3 研究流程 ............................................................................................................................. 3
第二章 文獻回顧 ...................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 環境中噪音污染問題 ......................................................................................................... 4
2.1.1噪音的定義 ....................................................................................................................... 4
2.1.2噪音的特性 ....................................................................................................................... 5
2.1.3噪音種類及污染的來源 ................................................................................................... 5
2.1.4噪音對人體影響 ............................................................................................................... 9
2.1.5噪音對學習或工作影響 ................................................................................................. 14
2.2噪音管制法規沿革 ............................................................................................................ 17
2.3噪音管制區劃設 ................................................................................................................ 23
2.4歷年噪音陳情案件統計分析 ............................................................................................ 27
2.4.1 各污染類別 .................................................................................................................... 27
2.4.2 音源別 ............................................................................................................................ 28
2.4.3 噪音管制區類別 ............................................................................................................ 31
2.4.4 時段別 ............................................................................................................................ 33
第三章 研究方法 .................................................................................................................... 38
3.1研究架構與流程 ................................................................................................................ 38
3.2 研究對象之環境背景介紹 ............................................................................................... 40
3.3量測儀器及方法 ................................................................................................................ 48
3.4 資料處理與分析 ............................................................................................................... 51
第四章 結果與討論 ................................................................................................................ 52
4.1 分析106年2 - 4月施工期間校園環境噪音之變化情形 .............................................. 52
4.2 分析106年2 - 4月假日環境噪音之變化情形 .............................................................. 56
4.3 分析106年10 - 12月平日上課(無施工)環境噪音之變化情形 ................................... 58
4.4 分析106年10 - 12月假日環境噪音之變化情形 .......................................................... 66
4.5 開學前及周三下午無學生之施工時間噪音之變化 ....................................................... 68
4.6 施工期間另抽三天分析噪音之變化情形 ....................................................................... 71
vi
4.7 施工期與非施工期之噪音量測變化情形 ....................................................................... 83
第五章 結論與建議 ................................................................................................................ 84
5.1、結論 ................................................................................................................................. 86
5.2、建議 ................................................................................................................................. 87
參 考 文 獻 ............................................................................................................................ 88
附錄一 ...................................................................................................................................... 93
附錄二 ...................................................................................................................................... 94
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