臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在研發一創新電子式內視鏡，並可實際應用於現有之影像輔助內視鏡外科手術與未來的單孔內視鏡及自然口手術上。目前內視鏡設備造價不斐，且其體積龐大，缺乏機動性，無法當作戰地醫療之設備。研究計畫是研發一創新內視鏡係採用電子式而非光纖，且因造價便宜可做為一次性手術器械，亦即可完全避免交互感染的風險。此內視鏡主要分成前端攝影機及後端無線傳輸部分，透過鏡頭影像傳感器轉成訊號再經由無線傳輸，最後在電腦成像。由於內視鏡之體積極小，因此可以更進一步縮減原有內視鏡手術的傷口大小與數目，此對病患而言將是莫大福音。此外，本研究為證實可行性，已將初步設計之第一代電子式內視鏡進行動物實驗於馬偕醫院動物中心，本研究計畫將針對第一代之設計進行整體之改良，提高內視鏡於手術中之實用性。另一重點在於目前無線通訊應用已大量運用在各大領域，如何確保無線傳輸品質，進而運用於內視鏡之上，便成為此研究重要的課題，因此，量測2.4GHz的無線電波於室內傳播的通道特性，我們便使用網路分析儀產生和量測寬頻訊號在頻域上的資料，再經由傅立葉轉換，便可分析脈衝訊號在時域上的資料，最後再經由動物實驗，證明無線傳輸內視鏡之可行性。

This study aims to develop an innovative electronic endoscope applied in single incision endoscopic surgery as well as natural Orifice transluminal endoscopic Surgery in the future. Currently, endoscope is expensive, bulky and lack sufficient flexibility. Its application is limited in surgery of future demand. This research project developed an innovative endoscope by using electronic components without optic fibers. We aim to attain the goal of disposable purpose to avoid the possibililty of contaminations between patients. The structures of endoscope included a front camera and wireless transmission unit, with which the signals can be conducted to the receiver and to the monitor. Because the endoscope is small, we can avoid large incision in the operated patient and can accelerate patient’s recovery. In addition, it proved that pure electrical non-fiberoptic endoscope is a plausible and reasonable design and with wireless application, such application can be extended in many fields.
The evaluation of the quality of wireless transmission is very important. Therefore, the characteristics of radio-propagation channel for indoor environment at 2.4GHz were measured , we used a network analyzer by producing and measuring broadband signals in the frequency domain, and then through the Fourier transform, we can analyze pulse signal in the time domain data. Finally, through the animal experiments, the efficacy and reliability can be evaluated.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌 謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 1
1.3文獻回顧 3
第二章 無線電波傳播行為與特性 7
2.1無線電波特點 7
2.1.1無線電波的傳播 7
2.1.2無線電波的傳播方式 8
2.1.3無線電波傳播的特性 9
2.2無線電波在自由空間的傳播行為 11
2.2.1自由空間路徑上的衰減 11
2.2.2平坦地面路徑上的衰減 12
2.3窄頻訊號之傳播特性 14
2.4寬頻訊號之傳播特性 15
2.5傳播路徑損耗模型 17
2.5.1 自由空間傳播模型 17
2.5.2 對數距離路徑損耗模型 18
2.6 大尺度傳播模型 19
2.7小尺度傳播模型 20
2.7.1多重路徑傳播效應 21
第三章 規格與實驗方法 24
3.1 整體結構 24
3.2無線模組規格評估 25
3.3無線傳輸模組規格 27
3.3.1無線通訊規格 34
3.4鏡頭規格 35
3.5穩壓模組與電池 37
3.6 外觀設計與組裝完成圖 38
3.7量測原理 39
3.8系統校正 41
3.9路徑衰減量測 42
3.10無線通道量測 43
第四章 實驗結果與分析 45
4.1電量測試 45
4.2溫度測試 46
4.3照度測試 48
4.4路徑衰減量測 49
4.5無線通道量測 52
4.6動物實驗 57
第五章 結論與未來展望 59
5.1結論 59
5.2未來展望 59
參考文獻 60

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