臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中國為稀土產品之主要輸出國，占全球市場比例甚重。自原物料案訴諸小組程序以來，相關稀土產品之出口數量限制措施並未因中國最終獲致敗訴結果而減少，甚至於進行原物料案之上訴程序時，亦未改善國內類似之貿易限制措施，以致其後續有稀土案之提出。就原物料案與稀土案兩案，所涉法律爭議集中於中國入會議定書（及其相關之工作小組備忘錄）第11.3條「出口價格承諾」、GATT第11.1條「數量限制措施之消除」以及GATT第20條第（b）款「保護人類、動物或植物之生命或健康所必要之措施」、第（g）款「容許關於保存可能枯竭之自然資源之措施；惟此等措施之生效須與國內之生產或消費之限制相關聯」之適用標準；雖僅原物料案之原告國提出GATT第10.3（a）條「貿易法令施行上應循一致、公正及合理方式為之」之聲明並經小組為裁決，但為何稀土案內未再燃紛爭，亦仍須回歸原物料案之爭端解決機構之裁決意見為是。此外，針對個別條文適用可行性部分，另與過往案件比較其與原物料案、稀土案間之適用標準是否有所不同，藉此確認小組及上訴機構於本論文討論中心之兩案例與過去案件內解釋間之流變。

然縱使中國已受爭端解決機構宣告涉及稀土產品之出口數量限制措施與入會議定書及GATT義務不一致之結論，但中國內國措施實質涉有稀土產品之管制效果者仍不在少數，則比較分析其於WTO架構之適法性仍存有實益，並對中國正在進行之《稀有金屬管理條例》（草案）稍加介紹，以利明瞭中國應對敗訴結果之反制措施為何。另就中國現行之《節約能源法》是否可作為稀土產品出口限制正當性之基礎，併同討論與GATT義務不一致之原因為何。最後，以預測稀土案之上訴機構裁決結果作為代結論，藉此作出WTO規範之一致性存在的相關法規適用標準。

China plays an important role of rare earth producer. From the Panel procedure of dispute settlement mechanism, they have not eliminated quantitative restriction regulations, even losing law suit of the Appellate Body procedure. After the Raw Material Case, in fact, dispute settlement mechanism has not solved the similar restrictive measure as result of Rare Earth Cases. From cases of Raw Material and Rare Earth, the issues in action are consisting of two sections: China's Protocol of Accession (Working Party Report included) and GATT. From China's Protocol of Accession, the issue is in Article 11.3," Taxes and Charges Levied on Imports and Exports "; from GATT, the issues are in Article 11.1, " General Elimination of Quantitative Restrictions ," and Article 20," General Exceptions. " Although in Raw Material Case, the Plaintiff raises the issue of Article 10.3(a)," Publication and Administration of Trade Regulations" of GATT, the Rare Earth Case doesn't re-exist. Besides, this paper is going to compare Raw Material Case and Rare Earth Case from the past in order to arrange the using standard of China's Protocol of Accession and GATT.
Even though China is losing the suit from Raw Material Case and the Appellate Body procedure of Rare Earth Case, and all quantitative restriction regulations violate China's Protocol of Accession and GATT, there are still various regulations could restrict exporting rare earth productions. This paper is going to examine the legality of regulations and introduce the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Rare Earth Regulations (draft) ". Furthermore, basing "Law of the People's Republic of China on Energy Conservation," China could restrict the exportation of rare earth products or not and examine its legality as well. Finally, it includes predict the Appellate Body ruling on behalf of the conclusions as a result, thereby making the consistency of existing WTO rules and regulations applicable to the relevant standards.

第一章、 前言
第一節、研究背景與動機
第一項、研究背景
第二項、研究動機
第二節、研究目的
第三節、研究方法
第四節、研究範圍與限制
第五節、研究架構

第二章、原物料案與稀土案爭議之背景
第一節、稀土資源之本質與訟爭性
第二節、中國原物料案與該國內國措施之衝突
第三節、原物料案與稀土案之差異性

第三章、中國原物料案與稀土案所涉中國入會議定書第11.3條「出口價格承諾」與備忘錄之問題
第一節、中國入會議定書第11.3條與備忘錄之規範分析
第二節、檢視中國原物料案中涉及入會議定書第11.3條之雙方主張與小組及上訴機構案件分析第三節、檢視中國稀土案中涉及入會議定書第11.3條之雙方主張與小組及上訴機構裁決結果分析
第四節、以中國原物料案與稀土案為核心審視爭端解決機構之裁決標準

第四章、中國原物料案與稀土案所涉關於GATT第11.1條「禁止實施數量限制規範」之問題
第一節、GATT第11.1條之規範分析
第二節、檢視中國原物料案中涉及GATT第11.1條之雙方主張與小組及上訴機構案件分析
第三節、檢視中國稀土案中涉及GATT第11.1條之雙方主張與小組裁決結果分析
第四節、以中國原物料案與稀土案為核心審視爭端解決機構之裁決標準

第五章、中國原物料案中關於GATT第10.3(a)條「貿易法令施行上應循一致、公正及合理方式為之」之問題
第一節、GATT第10.3(a)條之規範分析
第二節、檢視中國原物料案中涉及GATT第10.3(a)條之雙方主張與小組及上訴機構案件分析
第三節、檢視中國稀土案中涉及GATT第10.3(a)條之雙方主張與小組裁決結果分析
第四節、以中國原物料案與稀土案為核心審視爭端解決機構之裁決標準

第六章、原物料案與稀土案中涉及之抗辯基礎─GATT第11.2(a)條與GATT第20條第(b)、(g)款之問題
第一節、GATT第11.2(a)條與GATT第20條第(b)、(g)款之規範分析
第二節、檢視中國原物料案中涉及GATT第11.2(a)條與GATT第20條(b)、(g)款之雙方主張與小組及上訴機構案件分析
第三節、檢視中國稀土案中涉及GATT第20條(b)、(g)款之雙方主張與小組及上訴機構裁決結果分析 88
第四節、以中國原物料案與稀土案為核心審視爭端解決機構之裁決結果

第七章、原物料案與稀土案爭議相關見解之爭端解決案件發展
第一節、中國入會議定書解釋標準之進程
第一項、類似入會議定書第11.3條之他國議定書規範
第二項、涉及入會議定書其他規範之爭議案件
第三項、小結 119
第二節、GATT規範解釋標準之進程
第一項、GATT第11.1條
第二項、GATT第10.3（a）條相關之小組及上訴機構案件分析
第三項、GATT第20條相關之小組及上訴機構案件分析
第八章、中國相關國內法規之問題與展望

第一節、中國涉及稀土資源進出口的管制規範與制度於爭端解決機制意見下之合法性檢視
第一項、非僅涉稀土資源之中國內國進出口管制規範與制度
第二項、專涉稀土資源之中國內國進出口管制規範與制度
第三項、未來專章法律之可能性？─《稀有金屬管理條例》
第二節、中國國內《節約能源法》之WTO規範適法性
第一項、《節約能源法》之規範分析
第二項、《節約能源法》規範適用稀土資源之可能性
第三項、《節約能源法》確實存在與GATT規範不一致之結果

第九章、結論
第一節、稀土案之最新發展
第二節、過往爭端解決機構法律爭議之對照表
第三節、近來中國就稀土管制措施之評論與可能發展

參考文獻

參考文獻
壹、中文文獻
一、 專書
1. 王錦堂（2000）。《大學學術研究與寫作》。台北：東華書局。
2. 文強（2004）。《中國有色金屬工業發展史(一)》。大陸：學院音像出版社。
3. 楊景宇、李飛編（2007）。《中華人民共和國節約能源法釋義》。大陸：中國市場出版社。
4. 林彩瑜（2011）。《WTO制度與實務世界貿易組織法律研究(三)》。台北：元照出版有限公司。
5. 洪德欽（2005）。《WTO法律與政策專題研究》。台北：新學林出版股份有限公司。
6. 張劍虹（2012）。《中國能源法律體系研究》。大陸：知識產權出版社。
7. 博希（2010）。《資源霸權：石油 糧食 水源 稀土》。台北：生活書房。
8. 鄭子樵、李紅櫻主編（2006）。《稀土功能材料》。台北：曉園出版社。
9. 羅昌發（2010）。《國際貿易法》。台北：元照出版公司。

二、 期刊論文
1. 王震宇，「規則導向」取代「權力導向」？─國際貿易爭端解決機制之運作分析，中華國際法與超國界法評論，第7卷第1期，頁1-30，2011年。
2. 李貴英，WTO「歐洲共同體授與開發中國家關稅優惠之條件」一案之評析，月旦民商法雜誌，第8期，頁73-86，1997年。

三、 學位論文
1. 李弘儒，中國大陸的稀土戰略，淡江大學國際事務與戰略研究所碩士班，2011年。
2. 黃滋立，由中國於WTO下之國際法義務探討其稀土出口管制政策，政治大學國際經營與貿易研究所碩士班，2012年。
3. 韓博鈞，世界貿易組織關於中國大陸限制原物料出口案之研究，台灣大學社會科學院政治學研究所碩士班，2013年。

四、 電子資料
1. 稀土賤賣和中國資源戰略（2009）
http://www.epochweekly.com/b5/141/6933.htm
2. 苗圩、蘇波出席中國稀土行業協會成立大會並講話（2012）
http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2012-04/09/content_2109191.htm
3. 國新辦就前三季度工業通信業發展情況舉行發佈會（2012）
http://www.china.com.cn/zhibo/2012-10/25/content_26880541.htm
4. 中鋁稀土(江蘇)有限公司決定自11月1日起停產（2012）
http://www.cre-ol.com/_d275602419.htm
5. 美日過度渲染、兩岸企業炒作 供過於求，世界稀土價格趨低
http://www.ieatpe.org.tw/magazine/ebook259/b4.pdf
6. 蘇波：規範秩序調整結構推動稀土行業健康發展（2013）
http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2013-05/03/content_2395122.htm
7. 中國大陸管制稀土出口之啟示（2014）
http://www.npf.org.tw/post/1/13487
8. 組建大型稀土企業集團專題會議在京召開（2014）
http://www.miit.gov.cn/n11293472/n11293832/n11293907/n11368223/15834093.html
9. 民眾封堵稀土場 警方逮捕16人，大馬環保集會爆衝突（2014）
http://news.singtao.ca/toronto/2014-06-23/world1403508660d5109560.html
10. 傳陸不久將廢除稀土關稅和配額（2014）
http://www.cna.com.tw/news/acn/201406050042-1.aspx
11. 中國稀土磁性材料生產商聯合”抗日”（2014）
http://finance.sina.com.cn/world/20140729/021919843735.shtml
12. 稀土出口配額名單破改革傳言 第二批出口配額超第一批（2014）
http://news.xinhuanet.com/energy/2014-07/17/c_126763231.htm
13. 內蒙古稀土出口平均價格下跌37.2%（2014）
http://www.nmg.xinhuanet.com/xwzx/cjtz/2014-07/25/c_1111804544.htm
14. WTO確定稀土案中國敗訴（2014）
http://cn.nikkei.com/politicsaeconomy/investtrade/10525-20140808

五、 法令法規
1. 國務院關稅稅則委員會關於2012年關稅實施方案的通知 稅委會（2011）27號
http://gss.mof.gov.cn/zhengwuxinxi/zhengcefabu/201112/t20111215_615749.htm
2. 國務院關於促進稀土行業持續健康發展的若干意見 國發（2011）12號
http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2011-05/19/content_1866997.htm
3. 中國稀土行業協會會員自律倡議書
http://www.cre.net/announce/?announceid=66
4. 五礦稀土分離、冶煉企業停產公告
http://www.cre-ol.com/_d275481400.htm
5. 關於印發《新材料產業“十二五”發展規劃》的通知http://www.miit.gov.cn/n11293472/n11293832/n12843926/n13917027/14470568.html
6. 中華人民共和國環境保護部公告（2011）83號http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/b/g/201201/20120107933025.html
7. 國務院關於加強環境保護重點工作的意見 國發（2011）35號http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2011-10/20/content_1974306.htm
8. 稀土價格行情
http://www.cre-ol.com/_d271033443.htm
9. 工業和資訊化部關於核查整頓稀土違法違規行為通知工信廳原函（2012）773號
http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2012-10/15/content_2244328.htm
10. 行政院大陸委員會第192次諮詢委員會議諮詢委員發言重點（2012）
http://www.mac.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=95001&ctNode=6241&mp=5

貳、外文文獻
一、專書
1. Bossche, P. V. D. (2008). The Law and Policy of the World Trade Organization: Text, Cases and Materials. UK: Cambridge University.
2. Jackson, J. H. (1969). World Trade and the Law of GATT. Lexis LawPub.
3. Jackson, J. H. (1997). The World Trade System: Law and Policy of International Economic Relations. Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press.
4. Jackson, J. H., Davey, W. J., Sykes, A. O. (1995). Legal Problems of International Economic Relations: Cases, Materials and Text on the National and International Regulation of Transnational Economic Relations. West Group.
5. Mavroidis, P. C. (2005). The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade: A Commentary. UK: Oxford University.
6. Mitsuo, M., Schoenbaum, T. J., Mavroidis, P. C. (2003). The World Trade Organization: Law, Practice, and Policy. UK: Oxford University.
7. Petersmann, E.U. (1995). International and European Trade and Environmental Law after the Uruguay Round. London: Kluwer Law International.
8. Simon, L., Bryan, M., Arwel, D., Kara, L. (2008). World Trade Law: Text, Materials and Commentary. UK: Hart Publishing.

二、期刊論文
1. Bhala, R., Gantz, D. A. (2003). WTO Case Review 2002. Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law, 20, 143-289.
2. CHEN Zhanheng. (2011). Global rare earth resources and scenarios of future rare earth industry. Journal of Rare Earths, 1, 29 (1)
3. K.A. Gschneidner, Jr, V.K. Pecharsky. (2008). Thirty years of near room temperature magnetic cooling: Where we are today and future prospects. International Journal of Refrigeraion, 31.
4. Klabbers, J. (1992). Jurisprudence in International Trade Law: Article XX of GATT. Journal of World Trade, 26[2], 63-94.
5. Malanczuk, Peter(1997), Akehurst’s Modern Introduction to International Law. 7th edn Routledge, London and New York.
6. Matsushita, Mitsuo, Schoenbaum, Tomas J. and Mavroidis, Petros C(2006), The World Trade Organization ─ Law, Practice, and Policy. 2nd edn Oxford University Press, Oxford.

三、 電子資料
1. Frederick M. Abbott, China’s Accession to the WTO, Jan. 12,1998, American Society of International law, at http://www.asil.org/insights/volume/3/issue/1/chinas-accession-wto
2. CSIS, Rare Earth Elements: A Wrench in the Supply Chain?, Oct. 15,2010, at http://csis.org/files/publication/101005_DIIG_Current_Issues_no22_Rare_earth_elements.pdf
3. Jennifer M. Freedman, Chinese Curbs on Raw-Material Exports Break Rules, WTO Says, Jul. 6,2011, at http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-07-05/chinese-curbs-on-raw-material-exports-break-rules-wto-says-1-.html
4. Sonia E. Rolland, China-Raw Materials: WTO Rules on Chinese Natural Resources Export Dispute, Jun. 19,2012, Center for strategic & international studies, at http://www.asil.org/insights/volume/16/issue/21/china-raw-materials-wto-rules-chinese-natural-resources-export-dispute
5. Markus Wagner, WTO Law and the Right to Regulate: China – Rare Earths, Apr. 28,2014, Center for strategic & international studies, at http://www.asil.org/insights/volume/18/issue/10/wto-law-and-right-regulate-china-%E2%80%93-rare-earths

四、爭端解決機構案例
I. GATT時期
1. Canada — Measures Affecting Exports of Unprocessed Herring and Salmon, L/6268, adopted 22 March 1988, BISD 35S/98.
2. EEC — Payments and subsidies paid to processors and producers of oilseeds and related animal-feed proteins , L/6627, adopted 25 January 1990, BISD 37S/86.
3. EEC — Payments and subsidies paid to processors and producers of oilseeds and related animal-feed proteins, DS28/R, 31 adopted March 1992, BISD 39S/91.
4. EEC – Quantitative Restrictions Against Imports of Certain Products from Hong Kong, L/5511, adopted 12 July 1983, BISD 30S/129.
5. Japan - Trade in Semi-Conductors , L/6309, adopted 4 May 1988, BISD 35S/116.

II. WTO時期
1. Argentina - Measures Affecting the Export of Bovine Hides and the Import of Finished Leather, WT/DS155/R, adopted 19 Dec 2000, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS155/AB/R.
2. Argentina - Safeguard Measures on Imports of Footwear, WT/DS121/R, adopted 25 Jun 1999, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS121/AB/R.
3. Argentina - Safeguard Measures on Imports of Footwear, WT/DS121/AB/R, adopted 14 Dec 1999.
4. Brazil – Measures Affecting Imports of Retreaded Tyres, WT/DS332/R, adopted 12 June 2007, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS332/AB/R.
5. Brazil – Measures Affecting Imports of Retreaded Tyres, WT/DS332/AB/R, adopted 3 December 2007.
6. China - Measures Affecting Imports of Automobile Parts, WT/DS339/R, WT/DS340/R, WT/DS342/R, adopted 18 Jul 2008, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS339/AB/R, WT/DS340/AB/R, WT/DS342/AB/R.
7. China - Measures Affecting Trading Rights and Distribution Services for Certain Publications and Audiovisual Entertainment Products, WT/DS363/R , adopted 12 Aug 2009, as modified by Appellate Body WT/DS363/AB/R.
8. China — Measures Related to the Exportation of Rare Earths, Tungsten and Molybdenum, WT/DS431/R, adopted 26 Mar 2014.
9. China – Measures Related to the Exportation of Various Raw Materials, WT/DS394/R, WT/DS395/R, WT/DS398/R, adopted 5 Jul 2011, as modified by Appellate Body WT/DS394/AB/R, WT/DS395/AB/R, WT/DS398/AB/R.
10. Colombia - Indicative Prices and Restrictions on Ports of Entry, WT/DS366/R, adopted 27 Apr 2009, as modified by Appellate Body WT/DS366/AB/R.
11. Dominican Republic – Measures Affecting the Importation and Internal Sale of Cigarettes, WT/DS302/R, adopted 19 May 2005.
12. Dominican Republic – Measures Affecting the Importation and Internal Sale of Cigarettes, WT/DS302/AB/R, adopted 19 May 2005.
13. European Communities – Conditions for the Granting of Tariff Preferences to Developing Countries, WT/DS246/AB/R, adopted 20 April 2004.
14. European Communities – Measures Affecting Asbestos and Asbestos-Containing Products, WT/DS135/R, adopted 5 April 2001, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS135/AB/R.
15. European Communities - Measures Affecting Importation of Certain Poultry Product, WT/DS69/R, 13 Jul 1998, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS69/AB/R.
16. European Communities – Measures Concerning Meat and Meat Products (Hormones), WT/DS48/R, Complaint by Canada, WT/DS48/R/CAN, adopted 13 February 1998, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS26/AB/R, WT/DS48/AB/R.
17. European Communities – Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas, WT/DS27/AB/R, adopted 25 September 1997.
18. European Communities - Selected Customs Matters, WT/DS315/R, adopted 13 Nov 2006, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS315/AB/R.
19. European Union - Anti-Dumping Measures on Certain Footwear from China, WT/DS405/R, adopted 28 Oct 2011.
20. India - Measures Affecting the Automotive Sector, WT/DS146/R, adopted 21 Dec 2001, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS146/AB/R, WT/DS175/AB/R.
21. India - Quantitative Restrictions on Imports of Agricultural, Textile and Industrial Products, WT/DS90/R , adopted 6 Apr 1999, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS90/AB/R.
22. Japan – Measures Affecting Consumer Photographic Film and Paper, WT/DS44/R, adopted 22 April 1998.
23. Korea – Taxes on Alcoholic Beverages, WT/DS84/AB/R, adopted 17 February 1999.
24. Korea – Measures Affecting Imports of Fresh, Chilled and Frozen Beef, WT/DS161/R, WT/DS169/R, adopted 10 January 2001, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS161/AB/R, WT/DS169/AB/R.
25. Korea – Measures Affecting Imports of Fresh, Chilled and Frozen Beef, WT/DS161/AB/R, WT/DS169/AB/R, adopted 10 January 2001.
26. Thailand – Customs and Fiscal Measures on Cigarettes from the Philippines, WT/DS371/AB/R, adopted 15 July 2011.
27. Turkey - Restrictions on Imports of Textile and Clothing Products, WT/DS34/R, adopted 31 May 1999, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS34/AB/R.
28. United States - Anti-Dumping Measures on Certain Shrimp from Viet Nam, WT/DS404/R, adopted 11 Jul 2011, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS404/AB/R.
29. United States - Anti-Dumping Measures on Stainless Steel Plate in Coils and Stainless Steel Sheet and Strip from Korea, WT/DS179/R, adopted 22 Dec 2000, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS179/AB/R.
30. United States - Anti-Dumping Measures on Stainless Steel Plate in Coils and Stainless Steel Sheet and Strip from Korea, WT/DS184/R, adopted 28 Feb 2001, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS184/AB/R.
31. United States - Measures Affecting Imports of Certain Passenger Vehicle and Light Truck Tyres from China, WT/DS399/R, adopted 13 Dec 2010, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS399/AB/R.
32. United States - Measures Relating to Zeroing and Sunset Reviews, WT/DS322/R, adopted 20 Sep 2006, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS322/AB/R.
33. United States - Restrictions on Imports of Cotton and Man-Made Fibre Underwear, WT/DS24/R, adopted 8 Nov 1996, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS24/AB/R.
34. United States – Standards for Reformulated and Conventional Gasoline, WT/DS2/R, adopted 20 May 1996, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS2/AB/R.
35. United States – Standards for Reformulated and Conventional Gasoline, WT/DS2/AB/R, adopted 20 May 1996.
36. United States - Sunset Review of Anti-Dumping Duties on Corrosion-Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Products from Japan, WT/DS244/R, adopted 14 Aug 2003, as modified by Appellate Body Report WT/DS244/AB/R.
37. United States – Measure Affecting Imports of Woven Wool Shirts and Blouses from India, WT/DS33/AB/R, adopted 23 May 1997.
38. United States – Import Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products, WT/DS58/AB/R, adopted 6 November 1998.
39. United states – Definitive Safeguard Measures on Imports of Wheat Gluten from the European Communities, WT/DS166/AB/R, adopted 19 January 2001.

参、網路資源：

一、中文網站
1. 中華經濟研究院─台灣WTO中心
http://taiwan.wtocenter.org.tw/index.asp
2. 經濟部國際貿易局─WTO入口網
http://cwto.trade.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=1
3. 經濟部貿易調查委員會
http://www.moeaitc.gov.tw/ITCWEB/homepage
4. 經濟部貿易調查委員會─貿易救濟入口網；貿易救濟知識庫
http://db.wtocenter.org.tw/ds-research.asp
5. 經濟部貿易調查委員會─貿易救濟動態週報
http://www.moeaitc.gov.tw/itcweb/Weekly/wFrmWeeklyN.aspx
6. 中華人民共和國工業和信息部
http://www.miit.gov.cn/n11293472/index.html
7. 中國國家稅務總局
http://www.chinatax.gov.cn/n8136506/index.html
8. 國務院關於促進稀土行業持續健康發展的若干意見 國發（2011）12
http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2011-05/19/content_1866997.htm
9. 對外貿易發展「十二五」規劃
http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/b/e/201204/20120408091457.html
10. 中華人民共和國環境保護部公告2011年第83號
http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/b/g/201201/20120107933025.html
11. 中國稀土學會
http://www.cs-re.org.cn
12. 中國商務部綜合司
http://zhs.mofcom.gov.cn/article/aa/
13. 中國海關總署
http://www.customs.gov.cn/
14. 中國稀土行業協會
http://www.ac-rei.org.cn
15. 中華人民共和國商務部配額許可證事務局
http://www.licence.org.cn/

二、國外網站：
1. Peace Palace Library
http://www.ppl.nl/
2. World Trade Organization
http://www.wto.org/index.htm
3. World Trade Law.net
http://www.worldtradelaw.net/
4. International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development
http://ictsd.org